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13 - Ar-Ra'd DAILY MOTIVATION ................... more Dakwah Knowledge Geo - Mosque News & Stay ... more Hist - Mosque News & Stay ... Al Khulafa Mosque, Baghdad Instead of finding a refuge at Medina as promised, al-Musta'in found himself kept in Baghdad. There he was put to death on 17 October 866 by the order of al-Mu'tazz. Carrying al-Musta'in's head to the Caliph, "Here," cried the executioner, "behold thy cousin's head!" "Lay it aside," answered al-Mu'tazz who was playing chess,—"till I have finished the game." And then, having satisfied himself that it was really al-Musta'in's head, he commanded 500 pieces to be given to the assassin as his reward. Mahlab attends inauguration of Malabo new mosque
. Prime Minister Ibrahim Mahlab of Egypt. President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial GuineaMalabo - MENAPrime Minister Ibrahim Mahlab attended Tuesday the inauguration of Malabo new mosque with Equatorial Guinea's President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo. Equatorial Guinea contributed to providing an area of land to build the 2500 sq. meter mosque. Mahlab gave directions to the Egyptian Awqaf Ministry to provide preachers and imams to this mosque as part of Egypt’s role to spread the teachings of Islam. According to many different sources, there is evidence of large-scale dumping of toxic waste on the remote island of Annobon, at least during the 1980s and 1990s. The German edition of Der Spiegel on 28 August 2006 reported that the government of Equatorial Guinea sold permits to UK and US companies to bury 10 million metric tons of toxic waste and 7 million metric tons of radioactive waste on the island of Annobón. Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, president of Equatorial Guinea, supposedly receives 200 million US dollars per year for renewed permits, while the population of Annobón lives in extreme poverty. The report also showed evidence that the whole island's ecosystem is about to collapse due to the massive waste dumping. _______________________________________________ V: 131-132 User Guide _______________________________________________
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Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر Saheeh International Basmeih Ma Jian E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian Tafsir Muyassar: تفسير المیسر
_____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Saheeh International
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________
Basmeih
______________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Ma Jian
_____________________________________________ _______________________________________________ E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian
______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3. LEARN ARABIC: OTHER LANGUAGES
_______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level All the Koran in the world is printed on 604 pages. The Qawan Method divides the Qur'an into six parts. Method of choosing a partner ..... 1.Install pages between 2 constituents. 2.The word is not long. 3. Suitable for reading in the first and second rakaat prayers. 4. Suitable for the tazkirah after prayer. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ LEVEL 1 6 Horizontal Section (Horizontal - H) Just a pair of pages between 2 constituents. Saturday: ms 1- 100 Sunday: ms 101 - 200 First Day: pg. 201 - 300 Tuesday: ms 301 - 400 Wednesday: ms 401 - 500 Thursday: ms 501 - 604 Friday: Review all just able _______________________________________________ 6 Vertical Parts (V) Only the pair of pages (ms) of the entire Qur'an, between 2 constituents that end up with a certain number H.Sabtu: ms end 01-02 H Sunday: ms end 21-22 H.Nnin: ms end 41-42 H.Selasa: ms end 61-62 H.Rabu: ms end 81-82 H.Khamis: ms end of 99-00 Friday: Review all just able ________________________________________________ LEVEL 2 ..... coming soon _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________ DAILY REMINDER 1. QURAN 404: Al Ankabut 29: 69 والذين جاهدوا فينا لنهدينهم سبلنا وإن الله لمع المحسنين 507: Muhammad 47: 7 يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تنصروا الله ينصركم ويثبت أقدامكم __________________________________________________ 2. HADITH HR Imam Malik in Al Muwatta HR Abu Daud & Termidhi ... Hadith Hasan Sahih HR Muslim HR Bukhari HR Termizi .... Hadith Hasan Sahih Sunan Ibn Majah ..... Grade Hasan (Darussalam) (Hadith ini muttafaq 'alaih) اليد العليا خير من اليد السفلى HR Bukhari وإن أحب الأعمال إلى الله ما دام وإن قل
__________________________________________________ 3. HELP OF PROPHET & SAHABAT History of success in early Islam during the time of the Prophet and Caliph Ar Rasyidin: Metallic fittings ...... less Conformity ....... is high Ten Companions of the Prophet who are guaranteed paradise ..... the rich majority, but generous .... especially Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... The FATONAH looking for opportunities to be the above hands _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ |
٢٥٢ 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| and say dan berkata those who mereka yang | disbelieve tak percaya | why not kenapa tidak | sent down diturunkan | onto him (Muhammad) ke atasnya (Muhammad)| a sign (miracle) satu tanda (mukjizat)|from dari | his Lord Tuhannya| | (Oh Muhammad) say (to your nation) ( Oh Muhammad) katakan (pada umat engkau) | indeed sesungguhnya | Allah Allah | misguide menyesatkan | who siapa | 2 meanings : He Allah Who wants or he mankind who wants 2 makna : Dia Allah yang mahu atau dia manusia yang mahu | and He guides dan Dia beri petunjuk | to Him (to His religion) kepadaNya (kepada AgamaNya) | who siapa yang | kembali / bertaubat | 27 | those who mereka yang | believe percaya | and get peace dan dapat ketenangan | their hearts hati-hati mereka | by remembering (and at the same time, obeying) dengan mengingati (dan pada masa yang sama, taat) | Allah Allah | | isn't it not (know that) adakah tidak (ketahuilah) | by remembering (at the same time, obeying dengan mengingati (pada masa yang sama, taat) | Allah Allah | akan dapat ketenangan | the hearts (of the believers) hati-hati (orang yang percaya) |10| 252 |
٢٥١ (Only) For Him (Allah) (Hanya) KepadaNya (Allah) | the invocation/the worship doa/ibadat | which is true yang benar | | and those who dan mereka yang | invoke/worship berdoa/menyembah |from dari | other than Him Allah selain Dia Allah | they (idols) are unable mereka (berhala berhala) tidak boleh | to answer the invocation untuk memakbul doa | for them untuk mereka | with a thing dengan satu benda | except kecuali as if like a person who spread seolah olah seperti seorang yang menadah| dua tapak tangannya | towards kearah | the water (which is far) air (yang jauh) | for it (the water) to reach untuk dia (air) sampai | his (the invoker's) mouth mulutnya (si pendoa) | and cannot dan tidak boleh | he (the water) ia (air) | reach to it (his mouth) sampai kepadanya (mulutnya) | | and not dan tidak | invocation/worship doa/ibadat | (of) the disbelievers (dari) orang orang yang tak percaya except kecuali | in dalam | misguidance kesesatan | 14 | and (only) to Allah dan (hanya) kepada Allah | prostrates sujud | whoever / whatever siapa saja / apa saja | at di | the skies (universe) semua langit (alam semesta)| and the Earth dan Bumi | willingly (like the believers) secara suka rela (seperti orang mukmin) and unwillingly (like the hypocrites) dan secara terpaksa (macam orang munafik)| and (also prostrate or obey) their shadow dan (juga sujud) bayang-bayang mereka | in the morning pada waktu pagi | and in the afternoon dan pada waktu petang| | 15 |7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10| 251 |
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13 - Ar-Ra'd DAILY MOTIVATION ................... more Dakwah Knowledge Geo - Mosque News & Stay ... more No mosque found in Sao Tome Hist - Mosque News & Stay ... The Great Mosque of Samarra (Arabic: جَامِع سَامَرَّاء ٱلْكَبِيْر) is a mosque from the 9th century CE located in Samarra, Iraq. The mosque was commissioned in 848 and completed in 851 by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mutawakkil who reigned (in Samarra) from 847 until 861. The mosque is located within the 15,058-hectare (37,210-acre) Samarra Archaeological City UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed in 2007. _______________________________________ The Pico Cão Grande The Pico Cão Grande (Portuguese for "Great Dog Peak") is a landmark needle-shaped volcanic plug peak, in the south of Sao Tome Island.Total population of about 181,000, has about 5,500 Muslim, about 3 percent of the population. The majority (an estimated 80 percent) are Roman Catholics; São Tomé and Príncipe was for many years a colony of Portugal , which is overwhelmingly Catholic. There are also no known mosques, madrasahs or other Muslim organizations operating in the country.PEOPLE AND CULTURE People are genuinely friendly to strangers. From a tourist perspective this is clearly one of the few places in the world where he can meet - and become a real friend - with the locals. About 137.500 people live in Sao Tome and 6,000 in Principe. All are descended from various groups that have migrated to the islands since 1485. It includes descendants of Angolan slaves who survived a 1540 shipwreck; descendants of freed slaves and indentured laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verd; and Europeans (primarily Portuguese). Fort Sao Sebastiao, was built in 1575 and was the first fort in the island of São Tomé. Sao Tome and Principe has a strong cultural legacy. In the capital city, the National Museum, located in 400-year-old Fort Sao Sebastiao, tells the island’s history. While Portuguese is the official language of Sao Tome, various creole dialects are also used. Forro is spoken throughout the country and Lunguyê is spoken on Principe. The population is estimated to be about 80% Catholic, 15% Protestant, 3% Muslim, and 2% atheist. V: 531-532 User Guide _______________________________
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Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر Saheeh International Basmeih Ma Jian E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian Tafsir Muyassar: تفسير المیسر
_____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Saheeh International
___________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Basmeih
______________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Ma Jian
_____________________________________________ _______________________________________________ E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. LEARN ARABIC: OTHER LANGUAGES
_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
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HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level All the Koran in the world is printed on 604 pages. The Qawan Method divides the Qur'an into six parts. Method of choosing a partner ..... 1.Install pages between 2 constituents. 2.The word is not long. 3. Suitable for reading in the first and second rakaat prayers. 4. Suitable for the tazkirah after prayer. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ LEVEL 1 6 Horizontal Section (Horizontal - H) Just a pair of pages between 2 constituents. Saturday: ms 1- 100 Sunday: ms 101 - 200 First Day: pg. 201 - 300 Tuesday: ms 301 - 400 Wednesday: ms 401 - 500 Thursday: ms 501 - 604 Friday: Review all just able _______________________________________________ 6 Vertical Parts (V) Only the pair of pages (ms) of the entire Qur'an, between 2 constituents that end up with a certain number H.Sabtu: ms end 01-02 H Sunday: ms end 21-22 H.Nnin: ms end 41-42 H.Selasa: ms end 61-62 H.Rabu: ms end 81-82 H.Khamis: ms end of 99-00 Friday: Review all just able ________________________________________________ LEVEL 2 ..... coming soon _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________ DAILY REMINDER 1. Quran & Hadith 2. Seerah 3. Tabligh 6 points 4. Renowned local preachers 5. Renowned foreign preachers ______________________________________________ 1. QURAN & HADITH -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- 1: Al Fatihah: 6 اهدنا الصراط المستقيم HR Bukhari وإن أحب الأعمال إلى الله ما دام وإن قل ---------------------------------------- 7: Al Baqarah 2: 43 وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة واركعوا مع الراكعين HR Muslim صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة ---------------------------------------- 22: Al Baqarah 2: 143 وكذلك جعلناكم أمة وسطا لتكونوا شهداء على الناس ويكون الرسول عليكم شهيدا HR Ibn Mājah: Sahih (Al-Albani) "إن الله لا يمل حتى تملوا -------------------------------------------- 52: Ali Imran 3: 19 إن الدين عند الله الإسلام -------------------------------------- 63: Ali Imran 3: 104 ولتكن منكم أمة يدعون إلى الخير ويأمرون بالمعروف وينهون عن المنكر وأولئك هم المفلحون HR Muslim من دل على خير, فله مثل أجر فاعله ----------------------------------------- 64: Ali Imran 3: 110 كنتم خير أمة أخرجت للناس تأمرون بالمعروف وتنهون عن المنكر وتؤمنون بالله .... HR Muslim من رأى منكم منكرا فليغيره بيده, فإن لم يستطع فبلسانه, فإن لم يستطع فبقلبه, وذلك أضعف الإيمان ------------------------------------------- 74: Ali Imran 3: 185 كل نفس ذائقة الموت Sunan Ibn Majah ..... Grade Hasan (Darussalam) -------------------------------------------- 87: Al Nisaa '4: 59 يا أيها الذين آمنوا أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأولي الأمر منكم فإن تنازعتم في شيء فردوه إلى الله والرسول إن كنتم تؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر ذلك خير وأحسن تأويلا HR Imam Malik in Al Muwatta HR Abu Daud & Termidhi ... Hadith Hasan Sahih --------------------------------------------- 107: Al Maidah 5: 3 اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الإسلام دينا _____________________________ 134: Al An'am 6: 54 .وإذا جاءك الذين يؤمنون بآياتنا فقل سلام عليكم HR Termizi .... Hadith Hasan Sahih -------------------------------------------- 342: Al Mu'minun 23: 1-2 1.قد أفلح المؤمنون 2. الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعون HR Imam Malik وأسوأ السرقة الذي يسرق صلاته ". قالوا وكيف يسرق صلاته يا رسول الله قال" لا يتم ركوعها ولا سجودها ----------------------------------------------- 404: Al Ankabut 29: 69 والذين جاهدوا فينا لنهدينهم سبلنا وإن الله لمع المحسنين 420: Al Ahzab 33: 21 لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة لمن كان يرجو الله واليوم الآخر وذكر الله كثيرا 507: Muhammad 47: 7 يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تنصروا الله ينصركم ويثبت أقدامكم 560: And Tahrim 66: 6 أنفسكم وأهليكم نارا وقودها الناس والحجارة عليها ملائكة غلاظ شداد لا يعصون الله ما أمرهم ويفعلون ما يؤمرون __________________________________________________ 2. HADITH 2: HR Tirmidhi مفتاح الجنة الصلاة ومفتاح الصلاة الوضوء 19: HR Bukhari HR Muslim
(HR Bukhari & Muslim: muttafaq 'alaih) اليد العليا خير من اليد السفلى HR Bukhari بلغوا عنى ولو اية __________________________________________________ 3. SEARCH Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin' Awf: that the Messenger of Allah said: "Abu Bakr is in Paradise, 'Umar is in Paradise,' Uthman is in Paradise, 'Ali is in Paradise, Talhah is in Paradise, Az-Zubair is in Paradise,' Abdur- Rahman bin 'Awf is in Paradise, Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is in Paradise, Sa'eed is in Paradise, and Abu' Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah is in Paradise. " حدثنا قتيبة, حدثنا عبد العزيز بن محمد, عن عبد الرحمن بن حميد, عن أبيه, عن عبد الرحمن بن عوف, قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "أبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة وسعد في الجنة وسعيد في الجنة وأبو عبيدة بن الجراح في الجنة ".
____________________________________________ Narrated Sa'id ibn Zayd: AbdurRahman ibn al-Akhnas said that when he was in the mosque, a man mentioned Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). So Sa'id ibn Zayd got up and said: I bear witness to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that I heard him say: Ten persons will go to Paradise: The Prophet (ﷺ) will go to Paradise, AbuBakr will go to Paradise , Umar will go to Paradise, Uthman will go to Paradise, Ali will go to Paradise, Talhah will go to Paradise: az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam will go to paradise, Sa'd ibn Malik will go to Paradise, and AbdurRahman ibn Awf will go to Paradise. If I wish, I can mention the tenth. The People asked: Who is he: So he kept silence. The again asked: Who is he: He replied: He is Sa'id ibn Zayd. حدثنا حفص بن عمر النمري, حدثنا شعبة, عن الحر بن الصياح, عن عبد الرحمن بن الأخنس, أنه كان في المسجد فذكر رجل عليا عليه السلام فقام سعيد بن زيد فقال أشهد على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أني سمعته وهو يقول "عشرة في الجنة النبي في الجنة وأبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير بن العوام في الجنة وسعد بن مالك في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة ". ولو شئت لسميت العاشر. قال فقالوا من هو فسكت قال فقالوا من هو فقال هو سعيد بن زيد. Grade: Sahih
___________________________________________ History of success in early Islam during the time of the Prophet and Caliph Ar Rasyidin: Metallic fittings ...... less Conformity ....... is high Ten Companions of the Prophet who are guaranteed paradise ..... the rich majority, but generous .... especially Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... The FATONAH looking for opportunities to be the above hands __________________________________ 4. TABLIGH 6 POINTS _________________________________ 5. RENOWNED LOCAL PREACHERS 1. Ustaz Azhar Idrus __________________________________ 6. RENOWNED FOREIGN PREACHERS 1. Dr Zakir Naik __________________________________ |
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Hadith : Conversation
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Grade | : Sahih (Darussalam) |
Reference | : Sunan Ibn Majah 3792 |
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Instead of finding a refuge at Medina as promised, al-Musta'in found himself kept in Baghdad. There he was put to death on 17 October 866 by the order of al-Mu'tazz. Carrying al-Musta'in's head to the Caliph, "Here," cried the executioner, "behold thy cousin's head!" "Lay it aside," answered al-Mu'tazz who was playing chess,—"till I have finished the game." And then, having satisfied himself that it was really al-Musta'in's head, he commanded 500 pieces to be given to the assassin as his reward.
252 H : 21/1/866 - 9/1/867 Abbasid Dynasty : 132 to 656 H al-Mu'tazz 252–255 H
Muslim Spain phases:
1.The Al-Andalus province of the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus (711–756)
2.The Independent Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba (756–929)
3.The Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)
4.The first Taifas (1031–c. 1091)
5.The Almoravid rule (c. 1091–c. 1145)
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▪︎ Despites its name, the Equator does not cross it.
▪︎ Very rich oil country but majority of the people live in poverty.
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Equatorial Guinea
EQUITORIAL GUINEAAerial view of Malabo Airport
Outside Malabo Airport
A view of the port in Malabo
Equatorial Guinea : Sao Tome and Pricipe
Equatorial Guinea : Sao Tome and Pricipe
Regional Map
Hilton Hotel in the capital city of Malabo
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Central Market, Malabo City, Equatorial Guinea
School Picture
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Children Picture
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Scenic Picture
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Geography
History
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GEOGRAPHY
Official Name :
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Political Status :
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Head Of State :
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Capital :
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Official Languages :
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Population :
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Economy
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GNI per Capita (usd)
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ISLAM NEWS :
Muslim pop
Mosque
Islamic Centers
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HISTORY
Pre Colonial
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Colonial
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Colonial End
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Post Colonial
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ISLAMIC HISTORY
Early Muslim
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First Mosque
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According to the U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report 2006, practitioners of Islam comprised less than 1 percent of the population of Equatorial Guinea.[1] Adherents.com, however, estimates that Muslims make up anywhere from 1% to 25% of the population.[2] Many Indians in the country are also Muslims. There is one Ahmadiyya mosque in the country.
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▪︎ The Equator passes through the southern tip of Sao Tomé.
▪︎ Not a single mosque for 5,000 Muslims out of 200,000 population.
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SÃO TOMÉ AND PRINCIPEShortly before landing at Sau Tome International AirportSao Tome International AirportSao Tome CitySchoolchildren at the village of Sao Joao Dos Angolares, Sao Tome Island.Taxi rank beside the big hall market of the city of Sao Tome.
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Official Name : República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe (Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe)
Capital City : São Tomé City
Form of Government : Multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly
Head of State : President Evaristo Carvalho
Head Government : Prime Minister Patrice Emery Trovoada
Official Language : Portuguese
Official Religion : None
Currency : Dobra (Db)
Population : (2016 est.) 198,000
Total Area : 386 Sq Mi = 1,001 Sq Km
GNI Per Capita : (2015) USD 1,760
Race / Ethnic Groups :
Ethnic groups
1.Forros (from forro, Portuguese for “free man”), descendants of immigrant Europeans and African slaves.
2.Fang people ...Bantu people by origin
3.Angolares, descended from runaway Angolan slaves who were shipwrecked on São Tomé about 1540.
4.Angolans and Mozambicans make up most of the rest of the African immigrant community.
5.European population—primarily Portuguese—in the country.
Religion :
Economy : Dependent on agriculture, especially cacao. Tourism sector has the potential to be a strong source of economy.
Today São Tomé cacao growers are now part of the finished product. This photo captures how the local work force is now part of the fine chocolate-making
Tourism sector has the potential to be a strong source of economy.
Islam News : Total population of about 198,000, has about 5,500 Muslim, about 3 percent of the population. There are also no known mosques, madrasahs or other Muslim organizations operating in the country.
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Pre Colonial : Uninhabited when they were discovered, about 1470, by Portuguese navigators.
Colonial : In the late 15th century the Portuguese sent out settlers (including many convicts and Jewish children who had been separated from their parents and expelled from Portugal) and brought African slaves to the islands to grow sugar.
During the 16th century São Tomé was for a brief time the world’s largest producer of sugar, but the rise of Brazilian competition and the poor quality of São Tomé’s badly dried product virtually destroyed this industry. The economic decline was accentuated by social instability as slaves escaped to the mountains and raided the plantations. Amador, the self-proclaimed king of the slaves who nearly overran the whole island of São Tomé in 1595, is now regarded by many as a national hero. Foreign pirates were another hazard, and the Dutch briefly captured São Tomé in 1641, only to be expelled seven years later.
After the collapse of the sugar economy, the colony served as an entrepôt for the Portuguese slave trade to Brazil; the cargoes of small slave ships were transferred to larger vessels for the Atlantic voyage, and provisions such as water were obtained. The islanders produced food crops for these ships and for themselves. Because of the frequent political unrest in São Tomé, the capital was moved in 1753 to Santo António on Príncipe, whose harbour was the site of much activity. In 1778 the Portuguese ceded the islands of Fernando Pó (Bioko) and Annobón (Pagalu), on either side of Sao Tome and Principe, to the Spaniards, who wished to develop their own African slave trade.
End Colonial : The government that took power in Portugal after a coup in 1974 agreed to hand over power to the MLSTP in 1975, and virtually all Portuguese colonists fled to Portugal, fearing an independent black and communist government. Independence was granted on July 12, 1975.
Post Colonial :
The country’s first president, Manuel Pinto da Costa of the MLSTP, was elected in 1975 to 1991. He again served as President from 2011 to 2016
Incumbent president Evaristo Carvalho , since 3 September 2016
Islamic History : There is no written history about Islam in this country. There are also no known mosques, madrasahs or other Muslim organizations operating in the country.
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São Tomé and Príncipe, with a total population of about 181,000, has about 5,500 Muslim,[citation needed] about 3 percent of the population. The majority (an estimated 80 percent) are Roman Catholics; São Tomé and Príncipe was for many years a colony of Portugal, which is overwhelmingly Catholic.
The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has "hundreds" of members in the country, thereby representing a large proportion of the Muslim population.
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The Abbasid civil war of 865–866, sometimes known as the Fifth Fitna,[1] was an armed conflict during the "Anarchy at Samarra" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz, fought to determine who would gain control over the Abbasid Caliphate. The war, which lasted for about a year, largely revolved around a prolonged siege of Baghdad and ended with al-Mu'tazz as sole caliph. Al-Musta'in was abandoned by his supporters and forced to abdicate; in spite of a guarantee that his life would be spared, he was executed shortly afterward.
251 H : 1/2/865 - 20/1/866 Abbasid Dynasty : 132 to 656 H al-Musta'in 248–252 H
List of Rulers of the Islamic World
Caliphs and Wazirs
Rashidun Dynasty
A.H. 11–40 / A.D. 632–661
Abu Bakr
A.H. 11–13 / A.D. 632–634
'Umar ibn al-Khattab
A.H. 13–23 / A.D. 634–644
'Uthman ibn 'Affan
A.H. 23–35 / A.D. 644–656
'Ali ibn Abi-Talib
A.H. 35–40 / A.D. 656–661
Dynasty
A.H. 41–132 / A.D. 661–750
Mu'awiya I
A.H. 41–60 / A.D. 661–680
Yazid I
A.H. 60–64 / A.D. 680–683
Mu'awiya II
A.H. 64 / A.D. 683–684
Marwan I
A.H. 64–65 / A.D. 684–685
'Abd al-Malik
A.H. 65–86 / A.D. 685–705
al-Walid I
A.H. 86–96 / A.D. 705–715
Sulayman
A.H. 96–99 / A.D. 715–717
'Umar II
A.H. 99–101 / A.D. 717–720
Yazid II
A.H. 101–105 / A.D. 720–724
Hisham
A.H. 105–125 / A.D. 724–743
al-Walid II
A.H. 125–126 / A.D. 743–744
Yazid III
A.H. 126 / A.D. 744
Ibrahim
A.H. 126 / A.D. 744
Marwan II
A.H. 127–132 / A.D. 744–750
Muslim Spain phases:
92 H ( 711 ce ) -- 540 H ( 1145 ce )
1.The Al-Andalus province of the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus (711–756)
2.The Independent Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba (756–929)
3.The Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)
4.The first Taifas (1031–c. 1091)
5.The Almoravid rule (c. 1091–c. 1145)
Dynasty (Iraq)
A.H. 132–656 / A.D. 750–1258
al-Saffah
A.H. 132–136 / A.D. 749–754
al-Mansur
A.H. 136–158 / A.D. 754–775
al-Mahdi
A.H. 158–169 / A.D. 775–785
al-Hadi
A.H. 169–170 / A.D. 785–786
Harun al-Rashid
A.H. 170–193 / A.D. 786–809
al-Amin
A.H. 193–198 / A.D. 809–813
al-Ma'mun
A.H. 198–218 / A.D. 813–833
al-Mu'tasim
A.H. 218–227 / A.D. 833–842
al-Wathiq
A.H. 227–232 / A.D. 842–847
al-Mutawakkil
A.H. 232–247 / A.D. 847–861
al-Muntasir
A.H. 247–248 / A.D. 861–862
al-Musta'in
A.H. 248–252 / A.D. 862–866
al-Mu'tazz
A.H. 252–255 / A.D. 866–869
al-Muhtadi
A.H. 255–256 / A.D. 869–870
al-Mu'tamid
A.H. 256–279 / A.D. 870–892
al-Mu'tadid
A.H. 279–289 / A.D. 892–902
al-Muktafi
A.H. 289–295 / A.D. 902–908
al-Muqtadir
A.H. 295–320 / A.D. 908–932
al-Qahir
A.H. 320–322 / A.D. 932–934
al-Radi
A.H. 322–329 / A.D. 934–940
al-Muttaqi
A.H. 329–333 / A.D. 940–944
al-Mustakfi
A.H. 333–334 / A.D. 944–946
al-Muti'
A.H. 334–363 / A.D. 946–974
al-Ta'i'
A.H. 363–381 / A.D. 974–991
al-Qadir
A.H. 381–422 / A.D. 991–1031
al-Qa'im
A.H. 422–467 / A.D. 1031–1075
al-Muqtadi
A.H. 467–487 / A.D. 1075–1094
al-Mustazhir
A.H. 487–512 / A.D. 1094–1118
al-Mustarshid
A.H. 512–529 / A.D. 1118–1135
al-Rashid
A.H. 529–530 / A.D. 1135–1136
al-Muqtafi
A.H. 530–555 / A.D. 1136–1160
al-Mustanjid
A.H. 555–566 / A.D. 1160–1170
al-Mustadi'
A.H. 566–575 / A.D. 1170–1180
al-Nasir
A.H. 575–622 / A.D. 1180–1225
al-Zahir
A.H. 622–623 / A.D. 1225–1226
al-Mustansir
A.H. 623–640 / A.D. 1226–1242
al-Musta'sim
A.H. 640–656 / A.D. 1242–1258
Barmakid Dynasty
ca. A.H. 165–221 / A.D. 781–835
Barmak
Khalid
d. A.H. 165 / A.D. 781
Yahya
d. A.H. 190 / A.D. 805
Ja'far
d. A.H. 187 / A.D. 803
al-Fadl
d. A.H. 193 / A.D. 808
Musa
d. A.H. 221 / A.D. 835
'Imran
?
'Abbasid Dynasty (Egypt)
A.H. 659–923 / A.D. 1261–1517
al-Mustansir
A.H. 659 / A.D. 1261
al-Hakim I
A.H. 660–701 / A.D. 1261–1302
al-Mustakfi I
A.H. 701–740 / A.D. 1302–1340
al-Wathiq I
A.H. 740–741 / A.D. 1340–1341
al-Hakim II
A.H. 741–753 / A.D. 1341–1352
al-Mu'tadid I
A.H. 753–763 / A.D. 1352–1362
al-Mutawakkil I (1st reign)
A.H. 763–779 / A.D. 1362–1377
al-Mu'tasim (1st reign)
A.H. 779 / A.D. 1377
al-Mutawakkil I (2nd reign)
A.H. 779–785 / A.D. 1377–1383
al-Wathiq II
A.H. 785–788 / A.D. 1383–1385
al-Mu'tasim (2nd reign)
A.H. 788–791 / A.D. 1385–1389
al-Mutawakkil I (3rd reign)
A.H. 791–808 / A.D. 1389–1406
al-Musta'in
A.H. 808–816 / A.D. 1406–1414
al-Mu'tadid II
A.H. 816–845 / A.D. 1414–1441
al-Mustakfi II
A.H. 845–855 / A.D. 1441–1451
al-Qa'im
A.H. 855–859 / A.D. 1451–1455
al-Mustanjid
A.H. 859–884 / A.D. 1455–1479
al-Mutawakkil II
A.H. 884–903 / A.D. 1479–1497
al-Mustamsik (1st reign)
A.H. 903–914 / A.D. 1497–1508
al-Mutawakkil III (1st reign)
A.H. 914–922 / A.D. 1508–1516
al-Mustamsik (2nd reign)
A.H. 922–923 / A.D. 1516–1517
al-Mutawakkil III (3rd reign)
A.H. 923 / A.D. 1517
Selected early Shi'i rulers
A.H. 35–ca. 264 / A.D. 656–ca. 878
'Ali
d. A.H. 40 / A.D. 661
Hasan
d. ca. A.H. 49 / A.D. 669
Husayn
d. A.H. 61 / A.D. 680
'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin
d. A.H. 94 / A.D. 712
Muhammad al-Baqir
d. A.H. 113 / A.D. 731
Ja'far al-Sadiq
d. A.H. 148 / A.D. 765
Musa al-Kazim
d. A.H. 183 / A.D. 799
'Ali al-Rida
d. A.H. 203 / A.D. 818
Muhammad al-Jawad
d. A.H. 220 / A.D. 835
'Ali al-Hadi
d. A.H. 254 / A.D. 868
Hasan al-'Askari
d. A.H. 260 / A.D. 874
Muhammad al-Mantazar
d. ca. A.H. 264 / A.D. 878
Egypt
Tulunid Dynasty
A.H. 254–292 / A.D. 868–905
Ahmad ibn Tulun
A.H. 254–270 / A.D. 868–884
Khumarawayh
A.H. 270–282 / A.D. 884–896
Jaysh
A.H. 282–283 / A.D. 896
Harun
A.H. 283–292 / A.D. 896–905
Shayban
A.H. 292 / A.D. 905
Ilkhshidid Dynasty
A.H. 323–358 / A.D. 935–969
Muhammad ibn Tughj
A.H. 323–334 / A.D. 935–946
Unujur
A.H. 334–349 / A.D. 946–960
'Ali
A.H. 349–355 / A.D. 960–966
Kafur
A.H. 355–357 / A.D. 966–968
Ahmad
A.H. 357–358 / A.D. 968–969
Dynasty
A.H. 297–567 / A.D. 909–1171
'Ubaydullah al-Mahdi
A.H. 297–322 / A.D. 909–934
al-Qa'im
A.H. 322–334 / A.D. 934–946
al-Mansur
A.H. 334–341 / A.D. 946–953
al-Mu'izz
A.H. 341–365 / A.D. 953–975
al-'Aziz
A.H. 365–386 / A.D. 975–996
al-Hakim
A.H. 386–411 / A.D. 996–1021
al-Zahir
A.H. 411–427 / A.D. 1021–1036
al-Mustansir
A.H. 427–487 / A.D. 1036–1094
al-Musta'li
A.H. 487–495 / A.D. 1094–1101
al-Amir
A.H. 495–524 / A.D. 1101–1130
[interregnum]
A.H. 524–525 / A.D. 1130–1131
al-Hafiz
A.H. 525–544 / A.D. 1131–1149
al-Zafir
A.H. 544–549 / A.D. 1149–1154
al-Fa'iz
A.H. 549–555 / A.D. 1154–1160
al-'Adid
A.H. 555–567 / A.D. 1160–1171
Dynasty (Egypt)
A.H. 564–650 / A.D. 1169–1252
Salah al-Din (Saladin)
A.H. 564–589 / A.D. 1169–1193
al-'Aziz
A.H. 589–595 / A.D. 1193–1198
al-Mansur
A.H. 595–596 / A.D. 1198–1200
al-'Adil I
A.H. 596–615 / A.D. 1200–1218
al-Kamil
A.H. 615–635 / A.D. 1218–1238
al-'Adil II
A.H. 635–637 / A.D. 1238–1240
al-Salih Ayyub
A.H. 637–647 / A.D. 1240–1249
Turan Shah
A.H. 647–648 / A.D. 1249–1250
al-Ashraf II
A.H. 648–650 / A.D. 1250–1252
Dynasty (Damascus)
A.H. 582–658 / A.D. 1186–1260
al-Afdal
A.H. 582–92 / A.D. 1186–1196
al-'Adil I
A.H. 592–615 / A.D. 1196–1218
al-Mu'azzam
A.H. 615–24 / A.D. 1218–1227
al-Nasir Salah al-Din Da'ud
A.H. 624–26 / A.D. 1227–1229
al-Ashraf
A.H. 626–34 / A.D. 1229–1237
al-Salih Isma'il (1st reign)
A.H. 634–35 / A.D. 1237–1238
al-Kamil
A.H. 635 / A.D. 1238
al-'Adil II
A.H. 635–36 / A.D. 1238–1239
al-Salih Isma'il Najm al-Din Ayyub (1st reign)
A.H. 636–37 / A.D. 1239
al-Salih Isma'il (2nd reign)
A.H. 637–43 / A.D. 1239–1245
al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub (2nd reign)
A.H. 643–47 / A.D. 1245–1249
al-Mu'azzam Turan Shah
A.H. 647–48 / A.D. 1249–1250
al-Nasir Salah al-Din II
A.H. 648–58 / A.D. 1250–1260
Dynasty (Aleppo)
A.H. 579–658 / A.D. 1183–1260
al-'Adil I
A.H. 579–582 / A.D. 1183–1186
al-Zahir Ghiyath al-Din
A.H. 582–613 / A.D. 1186–1216
al-'Aziz Ghiyath al-Din
A.H. 613–634 / A.D. 1216–1237
al-Nasir Salah al-Din II
A.H. 634–658 / A.D. 1237–1260
Ayyubid Dynasty (Mayyafariqin, Sinjar)
A.H. 581–658 / A.D. 1185–1260
Ayyubid Dynasty (Ba'lbakk)
A.H. 568–658 / A.D. 1172–1260
Ayyubid Dynasty (Hama)
A.H. 574–732 / A.D. 1178–1332
Ayyubid Dynasty (Hims)
A.H. 574–661 / A.D. 1178–1272
Ayyubid Dynasty (Yemen)
A.H. 569–626 / A.D. 1174–1229
al-Mu'azzam Shams al-Din Turan Shah
A.H. 569–577 / A.D. 1174–1181
al-'Aziz Zahir al-Din Tughtigin
A.H. 577–593 / A.D. 1181–1197
Mu'izz al-Din Isma'il
A.H. 593–598 / A.D. 1197–1202
al-Nasir Ayyub
A.H. 598–611 / A.D. 1202–1214
al-Muzaffar Sulayman
A.H. 611–612 / A.D. 1214–1215
al-Mas'ud Salah al-Din
A.H. 612–626 / A.D. 1215–1229
Ayyubid Dynasty (Hisn Kayfa and Amid)
A.H. 629–9th c. / A.D. 1232–15th c.
Dynasty (Bahri)
A.H. 648–792 / A.D. 1250–1390
Shajar al-Durr
A.H. 648 / A.D. 1250
Aybak
A.H. 648–655 / A.D. 1250–1257
'Ali
A.H. 655–657 / A.D. 1257–1259
Qutuz
A.H. 657–658 / A.D. 1259–1260
Baybars I
A.H. 658–676 / A.D. 1260–1277
Baraka Khan
A.H. 676–678 / A.D. 1277–1280
Salamish
A.H. 678 / A.D. 1280
Qala'un
A.H. 678–689 / A.D. 1280–1290
Khalil
A.H. 689–693 / A.D. 1290–1294
al-Nasir Muhammad (1st reign)
A.H. 693–694 / A.D. 1294–1295
Kitbugha
A.H. 694–696 / A.D. 1295–1297
Lajin
A.H. 696–698 / A.D. 1297–1299
al-Nasir Muhammad (2nd reign)
A.H. 698–708 / A.D. 1299–1309
Baybars II
A.H. 708–709 / A.D. 1309
al-Nasir Muhammad (3rd reign)
A.H. 709–741 / A.D. 1309–1340
Abu Bakr
A.H. 741–742 / A.D. 1340–1341
Kujuk
A.H. 742–743 / A.D. 1341–1342
Ahmad
A.H. 743 / A.D. 1342
Isma'il
A.H. 743–746 / A.D. 1342–1345
Sha'ban I
A.H. 746–747 / A.D. 1345–1346
Hajji I
A.H. 747–748 / A.D. 1346–1347
al-Nasir al-Hasan (1st reign)
A.H. 748–752 / A.D. 1347–1351
Salih
A.H. 752–755 / A.D. 1351–1354
al-Nasir al-Hasan (2nd reign)
A.H. 755–762 / A.D. 1354–1361
al-Mansur Muhammad
A.H. 762–764 / A.D. 1361–1363
Sha'ban II
A.H. 764–778 / A.D. 1363–1376
al-Mansur 'Ali
A.H. 778–783 / A.D. 1376–1382
al-Salih Hajji II
A.H. 783–784 / A.D. 1382
[Barquq]
[A.H. 784–791 / A.D. 1382–1389]
Hajji II (2nd reign)
A.H. 791 / A.D. 1389
Dynasty (Circassian [Burji])
A.H. 784–922 / A.D. 1382–1517
Barquq (1st reign)
A.H. 784–791 / A.D. 1382–1389
[Hajji I]
[A.H. 791–792 / A.D. 1389–1390]
Barquq (2nd reign)
A.H. 792–801 / A.D. 1390–1399
Faraj (1st reign)
A.H. 801–808 / A.D. 1399–1405
al-Mansur 'Abd al-'Aziz
A.H. 808 / A.D. 1405
Faraj (2nd reign)
A.H. 808–815 / A.D. 1405–1412
al-'Adil al-Musta'in
A.H. 815 / A.D. 1412
al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh
A.H. 815–824 / A.D. 1412–1421
al-Muzaffar Ahmad
A.H. 824 / A.D. 1421
Tatar
A.H. 824 / A.D. 1421
al-Salih Muhammad
A.H. 824–825 / A.D. 1421–1422
Barsbay
A.H. 825–841 / A.D. 1422–1437
Yusuf
A.H. 841–842 / A.D. 1437–1438
al-Zahir Jaqmaq
A.H. 842–857 / A.D. 1438–1453
'Uthman
A.H. 857 / A.D. 1453
Inal
A.H. 857–865 / A.D. 1453–1461
al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad
A.H. 865 / A.D. 1461
Khushqadam
A.H. 865–872 / A.D. 1461–1467
Bilbay
A.H. 872 / A.D. 1467–1468
Timurbugha
A.H. 872 / A.D. 1468
al-Ashraf Qayitbay
A.H. 872–901 / A.D. 1468–1496
al-Nasir Muhammad
A.H. 901–903 / A.D. 1496–1498
Qansuh
A.H. 903–905 / A.D. 1498–1500
Janbalat
A.H. 905–906 / A.D. 1500–1501
al-'Adil Tuman Bay
A.H. 906 / A.D. 1501
Qansuh al-Ghawri
A.H. 906–922 / A.D. 1501–1517
al-Ashraf Tuman Bay
A.H. 922 / A.D. 1517
Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty
A.H. 1220–1372 / A.D. 1805–1953
Muhammad 'Ali
A.H. 1220–1264 / A.D. 1805–1848
Ibrahim
A.H. 1264 / A.D. 1848
A.H. 1264–1270 / A.D. 1848–1854
Sa'id
A.H. 1270–1280 / A.D. 1854–1863
Isma'il
A.H. 1280–1296 / A.D. 1863–1879
Tawfiq
A.H. 1296–1309 / A.D. 1879–1892
'Abbas II Hilmi
A.H. 1309–1333 / A.D. 1892–1914
Husayn Kamil
A.H. 1333–1335 / A.D. 1914–1917
Ahmad Fu'ad I
A.H. 1335–1355 / A.D. 1917–1936
Faruq
A.H. 1355–1371 / A.D. 1936–1952
Fu'ad II
A.H. 1371–1372 / A.D. 1952–1953
Arabian Peninsula
Ziyadid Dynasty
A.H. 204–409 / A.D. 819–1018
Ya'furid Dynasty
A.H. 247–387 / A.D. 861–997
Qaramita Dynasty
A.H. 281–5th century / A.D. 894–11th century
Zuray'id Dynasty
A.H. 476–569 / A.D. 1083–1173
Najahid Dynasty
A.H. 412–551 / A.D. 1021–1156
Mahdid Dynasty
A.H. 554–569 / A.D. 1159–1173
Sulayhid Dynasty (Yemen)
A.H. 439–532 / A.D. 1047–1138
'Ali ibn Muhammad
A.H. 439–459 / A.D. 1047–1067
al-Mukarram Ahmad
A.H. 459–477 / A.D. 1067–1084
al-Mukarram 'Ali
A.H. 477–484 / A.D. 1084–1091
al-Mansur Saba'
A.H. 484–492 / A.D. 1091–1099
al-Sayyida Arwa
A.H. 492–532 / A.D. 1099–1138
Hamdanid Dynasty (San'a')
A.H. 492–569 / A.D. 1098–1173
Ayyubid Dynasty: see above under Egypt, Ayyubid Dynasty (Yemen)
Rasulid Dynasty (Yemen)
A.H. 626–858 / A.D. 1229–1454
al-Mansur 'Umar I
A.H. 626–647 / A.D. 1229–1250
al-Muzaffar Yusuf I
A.H. 647–694 / A.D. 1250–1295
al-Ashraf 'Umar II
A.H. 694–696 / A.D. 1295–1296
al-Mu'ayyad Da'ud
A.H. 696–721 / A.D. 1296–1322
al-Mujahid 'Ali
A.H. 721–764 / A.D. 1322–1363
al-Afdal al-'Abbas
A.H. 764–778 / A.D. 1363–1377
al-Ashraf Isma'il I
A.H. 778–803 / A.D. 1377–1400
al-Nasir Ahmad
A.H. 803–827 / A.D. 1400–1424
al-Mansur 'Abdullah
A.H. 827–830 / A.D. 1424–1427
al-Ashraf Isma'il II
A.H. 830–831 / A.D. 1427–1428
al-Zahir Yahya
A.H. 831–842 / A.D. 1428–1439
al-Ashraf Isma'il III
A.H. 842–845 / A.D. 1439–1442
al-Muzaffar Yusuf II
A.H. 845 / A.D. 1442
Tahirid Dynasty (Yemen)
A.H. 850–923 / A.D. 1446–1517
Rassid Zaydi Imams
A.H. 246–680 / A.D. 860–1281
Qasimid Zaydi Imams
A.H. 1000–1382 / A.D. 1592–1962
al-Qasim al-Mansur
A.H. 1000–1029 / A.D. 1592–1620
Muhammad al-Mu'ayyad I
A.H. 1029–1054 / A.D. 1620–1644
Isma'il al-Mutawakkil
A.H. 1054–1087 / A.D. 1644–1676
Muhammad al-Mu'ayyad II
A.H. 1087–1092 / A.D. 1676–1681
Muhammad al-Hadi
A.H. 1092–1097 / A.D. 1681–1686
Muhammad al-Mahdi
A.H. 1097–1128 / A.D. 1686–1716
al-Qasim al-Mutawakkil
A.H. 1128–1139 / A.D. 1716–1726
al-Husayn al-Mansur (1st reign)
A.H. 1139 / A.D. 1726
Muhammad al-Hadi al-Majid
A.H. 1139–1140 / A.D. 1726–1728
al-Husayn al-Mansur (2nd reign)
A.H. 1140–1160 / A.D. 1728–1747
al-'Abbas al-Mahdi
A.H. 1160–1190 / A.D. 1747–1776
'Ali al-Mansur (1st reign)
A.H. 1190–1221 / A.D. 1776–1806
Ahmad al-Mahdi
A.H. 1221 / A.D. 1806
'Ali al-Mansur (2nd reign)
al-Qasim al-Mahdi
A.H. 1257–1261 / A.D. 1841–1845
Muhammad Yahya
A.H. 1261–1289 / A.D. 1845–1872
[Ottoman occupation]
[A.H. 1289–1308 / A.D. 1872–1890]
Hamid al-Din Yahya
A.H. 1308–1322 / A.D. 1890–1904
Yahya Mahmud al-Mutawakkil
A.H. 1322–1367 / A.D. 1904–1948
Sayf al-Islam Ahmad
A.H. 1367–1382 / A.D. 1948–1962
Muhammad Badr
A.H. 1382 / A.D. 1962
al-Bu-Sa'id Dynasty
A.H. 1154–present / A.D. 1741–present
Rashidid Dynasty
A.H. 1248–1342 / A.D. 1832–1923
al-Sa'ud Dynasty
A.H. 1159–present / A.D. 1746–present
Muhammad ibn Sa'ud
A.H. 1159–1179 / A.D. 1746–1765
'Abd al-'Aziz I
A.H. 1179–1218 / A.D. 1765–1803
Sa'ud ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz
A.H. 1218–1229 / A.D. 1803–1814
'Abdullah ibn Sa'ud
A.H. 1229–1233 / A.D. 1814–1818
[Ottoman occupation]
[A.H. 1233–1238 / A.D. 1818–1822]
Turki
A.H. 1238–1249 / A.D. 1823–1834
Faysal I (1st reign)
A.H. 1249–1253 / A.D. 1834–1837
Khalid ibn Sa'ud
A.H. 1253–1257 / A.D. 1837–1841
'Abdullah II ibn Thunayyan
A.H. 1257–1259 / A.D. 1841–1843
Faysal I (2nd reign)
A.H. 1259–1282 / A.D. 1843–1865
'Abdullah III ibn Faysal (1st reign)
A.H. 1282–1287 / A.D. 1865–1871
Sa'ud ibn Faysal
A.H. 1287–1291 / A.D. 1871–1874
'Abdullah III ibn Faysal (2nd reign)
A.H. 1291–1305 / A.D. 1874–1887
'Abd al-Rahman ibn Faysal (Rashid gov)
A.H. 1305–1308 / A.D. 1887–1891
Rashidi occupation of Riyadh
A.H. 1308–1319 / A.D. 1891–1902
'Abd al-'Aziz II
A.H. 1319–1373 / A.D. 1902–1953
Sa'ud
A.H. 1373–1384 / A.D. 1953–1964
Faysal II
A.H. 1384–1395 / A.D. 1964–1975
Khalid
A.H. 1395–1402 / A.D. 1975–1982
Fahd
A.H. 1402–present / A.D. 1982–present
Iraq and Syria (before the Seljuqs)
Hamdanid Dynasty (Mosul)
A.H. 317–391 / A.D. 927–1000
Nasir al-Dawla al-Hasan
A.H. 317–358 / A.D. 929–969
'Uddat al-Dawla Abu Taghlib
A.H. 358–379 / A.D. 969–989
Ibrahim / al-Husayn (joint rule)
A.H. 379–391 / A.D. 989–1000
Hamdanid Dynasty (Aleppo)
A.H. 333–394 / A.D. 945–1004
Sayf al-Dawla 'Ali I
A.H. 333–356 / A.D. 945–967
Sa'd al-Dawla Sharif I
A.H. 356–381 / A.D. 967–991
Sa'id al-Dawla Sa'id
A.H. 381–392 / A.D. 991–1002
'Ali II
A.H. 392–394 / A.D. 1002–1004
Sharif II
A.H. 394 / A.D. 1004
Mirdasid Dynasty
A.H. 414–472 / A.D. 1023–1079
'Uqaylid Dynasty
A.H. 380–489 / A.D. 990–1096
Marwanid Dynasty
A.H. 372–478 / A.D. 983–1085
Mazyadid Dynasty
A.H. 350–545 / A.D. 961–1150
Inalid Dynasty
A.H. 490–579 / A.D. 1096–1183
Caucasus (before the Seljuqs)
Sajid Dynasty
A.H. 266–318 / A.D. 879–930
Musafirid Dynasty (or Sallarid Dynasty or Kangarid Dynasty)
A.H. 304–483 / A.D. 916–1090
Rawwadid Dynasty
A.H. 4th century–463 / A.D. 10th century–1071
Sharwan Shahs (First Dynasty)
A.H. 183–381 / A.D. 799–991
Sharwan Shahs (Second Dynasty)
A.H. 418–455 / A.D. 1027–1063
Sharwan Shahs (Fourth Dynasty)
A.H. 1180–1236 / A.D. 1766–1821
Shaddadid Dynasty
A.H. 340–571 / A.D. 951–1174
Dabuyid Dynasty
A.H. 40–142 / A.D. 660–760
Bawandid Dynasty (Ka'usiya line)
A.H. 45–466 / A.D. 665–1074
Bawandid Dynasty (Ispahbadiya line)
A.H. 466–606 / A.D. 1074–1210
Bawandid Dynasty (Kinkhwariya line)
A.H. 635–750 / A.D. 1238–1349
Baduspanid Dynasty
A.H. 40–1006 / A.D. 665–1599
Zaydi 'Alid Dynasty (Tabaristan)
A.H. 250–316 / A.D. 864–928
Iran (before the Seljuqs)
Tahirid Dynasty
A.H. 205–259 / A.D. 821–873
Tahir I ibn al-Husayn
A.H. 205–207 / A.D. 821–822
Talha
A.H. 207–213 / A.D. 822–828
'Abdullah
A.H. 213–230 / A.D. 828–845
Tahir II
A.H. 230–248 / A.D. 845–862
Muhammad
A.H. 248–259 / A.D. 862–873
Samanid Dynasty
A.H. 204–395 / A.D. 819–1005
Ahmad I ibn Asad ibn Saman
A.H. 204–250 / A.D. 819–864
Nasr I ibn Ahmad
A.H. 250–279 / A.D. 864–892
Isma'il I ibn Ahmad
A.H. 279–295 / A.D. 892–907
Ahmad II ibn Isma'il
A.H. 295–301 / A.D. 907–914
al-Amir al-Sa'id Nasr II
A.H. 301–331 / A.D. 914–943
al-Amir al-Hamid Nuh I
A.H. 331–343 / A.D. 943–954
al-Amir al-Mu'ayyad 'Abd al-Malik I
A.H. 343–350 / A.D. 954–961
al-Amir al-Sadid Mansur I
A.H. 350–365 / A.D. 961–976
al-Amir al-Rida Nuh II
A.H. 365–387 / A.D. 976–997
Mansur II
A.H. 387–389 / A.D. 997–999
'Abd al-Malik II
A.H. 389–390 / A.D. 999–1000
Isma'il II al-Muntasir
A.H. 390–395 / A.D. 1000–1005
Saffarid Dynasty
A.H. 253–ca. 900 / A.D. 867–ca. 1495
Ya'qub ibn Layth al-Saffar
A.H. 253–265 / A.D. 867–879
'Amr ibn Layth
A.H. 265–288 / A.D. 879–901
Tahir ibn Muhammad ibn 'Amr
A.H. 288–296 / A.D. 901–908
Layth ibn 'Ali
A.H. 296–298 / A.D. 908–910
Muhammad ibn 'Ali
A.H. 298 / A.D. 910
Buyid Dynasty (Iraq)
A.H. 334–447 / A.D. 945–1055
Mu'izz al-Dawla Ahmad
A.H. 334–356 / A.D. 945–967
'Izz al-Dawla Bakhtiyar
A.H. 356–367 / A.D. 967–978
'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw
A.H. 367–372 / A.D. 978–982
Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban
A.H. 372–376 / A.D. 983–987
Sharaf al-Dawla Shirzil
A.H. 376–379 / A.D. 987–989
Baha' al-Dawla Firuz
A.H. 379–403 / A.D. 989–1012
Sultan al-Dawla
A.H. 403–412 / A.D. 1012–1021
Musharrif al-Dawla
A.H. 412–416 / A.D. 1021–1025
Jalal al-Dawla Shirzil
A.H. 416–435 / A.D. 1025–1044
'Imad al-Din al-Marzuban
A.H. 435–440 / A.D. 1044–1048
al-Malik al-Rahim Khusraw-Firuz
A.H. 440–447 / A.D. 1048–1055
Buyid Dynasty (Fars and Khuzistan)
A.H. 322–454 / A.D. 934–1062
'Imad al-Dawla 'Ali
A.H. 322–338 / A.D. 934–949
'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw
A.H. 338–372 / A.D. 949–983
Sharaf al-Dawla Shirzil
A.H. 372–380 / A.D. 983–990
Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban
A.H. 380–388 / A.D. 990–998
Baha' al-Dawla Firuz
A.H. 388–403 / A.D. 998–1012
Sultan al-Dawla
A.H. 403–412 / A.D. 1012–1021
Musharrif al-Dawla Hasan
A.H. 412–415 / A.D. 1021–1024
'Imad al-Din Marzuban
A.H. 415–440 / A.D. 1024–1048
al-Malik al-Rahim Khusraw-Firuz
A.H. 440–447 / A.D. 1048–1055
Fulad-Sutun (Fars only)
A.H. 447–454 / A.D. 1055–1062
Buyid Dynasty (Kirman)
A.H. 324–440 / A.D. 936–1048
Mu'izz al-Dawla Ahmad
A.H. 324–338 / A.D. 936–949
'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw
A.H. 338–372 / A.D. 949–983
Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban
A.H. 372–388 / A.D. 983–998
Baha' al-Dawla Firuz
A.H. 388–403 / A.D. 998–1012
Qawam al-Dawla
A.H. 403–419 / A.D. 1012–1028
'Imad al-Din Marzuban
A.H. 419–440 / A.D. 1028–1048
Buyid Dynasty (Jibal)
A.H. 320–366 / A.D. 932–977
'Imad al-Dawla 'Ali
A.H. 320–335 / A.D. 932–947
Rukn al-Dawla Hasan
A.H. 335–366 / A.D. 947–977
Buyid Dynasty (Hamadan and Isfahan)
A.H. 366–419 / A.D. 977–1028
Mu'ayyid al-Dawla Buya
A.H. 366–373 / A.D. 977–983
Fakhr al-Dawla 'Ali
A.H. 373–387 / A.D. 983–997
Shams al-Dawla
A.H. 387–412 / A.D. 997–1021
Sama' al-Dawla
A.H. 412–ca. 419 / A.D. 1021–ca. 1028
Buyid Dynasty (Rayy)
A.H. 366–420 / A.D. 977–1029
Fakhr al-Dawla 'Ali
A.H. 366–387 / A.D. 977–997
Majd al-Dawla Rustam
A.H. 387–420 / A.D. 997–1029
Buyid Dynasty ('Uman)
A.H. 363–388 / A.D. 974–998
Dulafid Dynasty
A.H. 210–284 / A.D. 825–898
Banijurid Dynasty
A.H. 233–237 / A.D. 848–948
Qarakhanid Dynasty
A.H. 382–607 / A.D. 992–1222
Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Afrighid Dynasty)
A.H. ?–385 / A.D. ?–995
Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Ma'munid Dynasty)
A.H. 385–408 / A.D. 995–1017
Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Governors)
A.H. 408–425 / A.D. 1017–1034
Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Anushtigin Line)
A.H. 470–624 / A.D. 1077–1231
Anushtigin Gharcha'i
A.H. ca. 470–490 / A.D. ca. 1077–1097
[Turkish governor]
[A.H. 490 / A.D. 1097]
Qutb al-Din Muhammad
A.H. 490–521 / A.D. 1097–1127
'Ala' al-Din Atsiz
A.H. 521–551 / A.D. 1127–1156
Il-Arslan
A.H. 551–567 / A.D. 1156–1172
'Ala' al-Din Tekish
A.H. 567 / A.D. 1172
[rival ruler]
[A.H. 567–589 / A.D. 1172–1193]
'Ala' al-Din Muhammad
A.H. 596–617 / A.D. 1200–1220
Jalal al-Din
A.H. 617–628 / A.D. 1220–1231
Ziyarid Dynasty
A.H. 315–483 / A.D. 927–1090
Hasanwayhid Dynasty
A.H. 348–405 / A.D. 959–1014
Ilyasid Dynasty
A.H. 320–357 / A.D. 932–968
Kakuyid Dynasty
A.H. 398–443 / A.D. 1008–1051
Seljuqs and Atabegs
A.H. 429–552 / A.D. 1037–1157
Rukn al-Dunya wa-I-Din Toghril I (Tughril)
A.H. 429–455 / A.D. 1038–1063
'Adud al-Dawla Alp-Arslan
A.H. 455–465 / A.D. 1063–1072
Jalal al-Dawla Malik Shah I
A.H. 465–485 / A.D. 1072–1092
Nasir al-Din Mahmud I
A.H. 485–487 / A.D. 1092–1094
Rukn al-Din Berk-yaruq (Barkiyaruq)
A.H. 487–498 / A.D. 1094–1105
Mu'izz al-Din Malik Shah II
A.H. 498 / A.D. 1105
Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I
A.H. 498–511 / A.D. 1105–1118
Mu'izz al-Din Sanjar
A.H. 511–552 / A.D. 1118–1157
Seljuq Dynasty (Iraq)
A.H. 511–590 / A.D. 1117–1194
Seljuq Dynasty (Syria)
A.H. 471–511 / A.D. 1078–1117
Seljuq Dynasty (Kirman)
A.H. 433–583 / A.D. 1041–1187
Seljuq Dynasty (Rum): see below under Asia Minor
Burid Dynasty
A.H. 497–549 / A.D. 1104–1154
Zangid Dynasty (Mosul)
A.H. 521–619 / A.D. 1127–1222
'Imad al-Din Zangi ibn Aq Sonqur
A.H. 521–541 / A.D. 1127–1146
Sayf al-Din Ghazi I
A.H. 541–544 / A.D. 1146–1149
Qutb al-Din Mawdud
A.H. 544–564 / A.D. 1149–1169
Sayf al-Din Ghazi II
A.H. 564–572 / A.D. 1169–1176
'Izz al-Din Mas'ud I
A.H. 572–589 / A.D. 1176–1193
Nur al-Din Arslan Shah I
A.H. 589–607 / A.D. 1193–1211
'Izz al-Din Mas'ud II
A.H. 607–615 / A.D. 1211–1218
Nur al-Din Arslan Shah II
A.H. 615–616 / A.D. 1218–1219
Nasir al-Din Mahmud
A.H. 616–619 / A.D. 1219–1222
Zangid Dynasty (Aleppo)
A.H. 541–577 / A.D. 1146–1181
Nur al-Din Mahmud ibn Zangi
A.H. 541–569 / A.D. 1146–1174
Nur al-Din Isma'il
A.H. 569–577 / A.D. 1174–1181
Zangid Dynasty (Sinjar)
A.H. 566–617 / A.D. 1170–1220
Zangid Dynasty (Jazira)
A.H. 576–648 / A.D. 1180–1250
Begteginid Dynasty
A.H. 539–630 / A.D. 1145–1233
Artugid Dynasty (Hisn Kayfa line)
A.H. 491–629 / A.D. 1098–1232
Artugid Dynasty (Mardin line)
A.H. 497–811 / A.D. 1104–1408
Suqman Shahs
A.H. 493–604 / A.D. 1100–1207
Eldeguzid Dynasty
A.H. 531–622 / A.D. 1136–1225
Salghurid Dynasty
A.H. 543–668 / A.D. 1148–1270
Fadlawayhid Dynasty
A.H. 448–718 / A.D. 1056–1318
Hazaraspid Dynasty
A.H. 550–827 / A.D. 1155–1424
Qutlugh Khans
A.H. 619–706 / A.D. 1222–1306
Asia Minor and Turkey
(Rum)
A.H. 470–707 / A.D. 1077–1307
Sulayman ibn Qutlumush
A.H. 470–479 / A.D. 1077–1086
[interregnum]
[A.H. 479–485 / A.D. 1086–1092]
Qilich Arslan I
A.H. 485–500 / A.D. 1092–1107
Malik Shah
A.H. 500–510 / A.D. 1107–1116
Rukn al-Din Mas'ud I
A.H. 510–551 / A.D. 1116–1156
'Izz al-Din Qilich Arslan II
A.H. 551–588 / A.D. 1156–1192
Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw I (1st reign)
A.H. 588–592 / A.D. 1192–1196
Rukn al-Din Sulayman II
A.H. 592–600 / A.D. 1196–1204
'Izz al-Din Qilich Arslan III
A.H. 600–601 / A.D. 1204
Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw I (2nd reign)
A.H. 601–607 / A.D. 1204–1210
'Izz al-Din Kay Ka'us I
A.H. 607–616 / A.D. 1210–1219
'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh I
A.H. 616–634 / A.D. 1219–1237
Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw II
A.H. 634–644 / A.D. 1237–1246
'Izz al-Din Kay Ka'us II
A.H. 644–646 / A.D. 1246–1248
Kay Ka'us II / Rukn al-Din Qilich Arslan IV (joint rule)
A.H. 646–647 / A.D. 1248–1249
Kay Ka'us II / Qilich Arslan IV / 'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh II (joint rule)
A.H. 647–655 / A.D. 1249–1257
Qilich Arslan IV
A.H. 655–663 / A.D. 1257–1265
Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw III
A.H. 663–681 / A.D. 1265–1282
Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (1st reign)
A.H. 681–683 / A.D. 1282–1284
'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (1st reign)
A.H. 683 / A.D. 1284
Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (2nd reign)
A.H. 683–692 / A.D. 1284–1293
'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (2nd reign)
A.H. 692–693 / A.D. 1293–1294
Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (3rd reign)
A.H. 693–700 / A.D. 1294–1301
'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (3rd reign)
A.H. 700–702 / A.D. 1301–1303
Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (4th reign)
A.H. 702–704 / A.D. 1303–1305
'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (4th reign)
A.H. 704–707 / A.D. 1305–1307
Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud III
A.H. 707 / A.D. 1307
Menqüchekid Dynasty
A.H. 464–ca. 650 / A.D. 1071–1252
Danishmandid Dynasty
A.H. 464–573 / A.D. 1071–1177
Isfendiyarid Dynasty
A.H. 690–866 / A.D. 1291–1461
Saru Khanid Dynasty
A.H. 700–813 / A.D. 1300–1410
Aydinid Dynasty
A.H. 708–829 / A.D. 1308–1425
Germiyandid Dynasty
A.H. 699–832 / A.D. 1300–1429
Hamidid Dynasty
A.H. 700–826 / A.D. 1239–1423
Menteshadid Dynasty
A.H. 700–829 / A.D. 1300–1426
Eretnaid Dynasty
A.H. 736–782 / A.D. 1335–1380
Ramadanid Dynasty
A.H. 780–819 / A.D. 1378–1416
Dhu-I-Qadrid Dynasty
A.H. 738–928 / A.D. 1337–1552
Karamanid Dynasty
A.H. 654–888 / A.D. 1256–1483
A.H. 680–1342 / A.D. 1281–1924
Ertugrul
ca. A.H. 679–680 / A.D. 1280–1281
Osman
A.H. 680–724 / A.D. 1281–1324
Orhan
A.H. 724–761 / A.D. 1324–1360
Murad I
A.H. 761–791 / A.D. 1360–1389
Bayezid I
A.H. 791–805 / A.D. 1389–1403
[interregnum]
[A.H. 805–816 / A.D. 1403–1413]
Mehmet I Chelebi
A.H. 816–824 / A.D. 1413–1421
Murad II (1st reign)
A.H. 824–848 / A.D. 1421–1444
Mehmet II Fatih (1st reign)
A.H. 848–850 / A.D. 1444–1446
Murad II (2nd reign)
A.H. 850–855 / A.D. 1446–1451
Mehmet II Fatih (2nd reign)
A.H. 855–886 / A.D. 1451–1481
Bayezid II
A.H. 886–918 / A.D. 1481–1512
Selim I Yavuz
A.H. 918–926 / A.D. 1512–1520
(
)
A.H. 926–974 / A.D. 1520–1566
Selim II
A.H. 974–982 / A.D. 1566–1574
Murad III
A.H. 982–1003 / A.D. 1575–1595
Mehmet III
A.H. 1003–1012 / A.D. 1595–1603
Ahmed I (
)
A.H. 1012–1026 / A.D. 1603–1617
Mustafa I (1st reign)
A.H. 1026–1027 / A.D. 1617–1618
Osman II
A.H. 1027–1031 / A.D. 1618–1622
Mustafa I (2nd reign)
A.H. 1031–1032 / A.D. 1622–1623
Murad IV
A.H. 1032–1049 / A.D. 1623–1640
Ibrahim
A.H. 1049–1058 / A.D. 1640–1648
Mehmet IV
A.H. 1058–1099 / A.D. 1648–1687
Süleyman II
A.H. 1099–1102 / A.D. 1687–1691
Ahmed II
A.H. 1102–1106 / A.D. 1691–1695
Mustafa II
A.H. 1106–1115 / A.D. 1695–1703
Ahmed III
A.H. 1115–1143 / A.D. 1703–1730
Mahmud I
A.H. 1143–1168 / A.D. 1730–1754
Osman III
A.H. 1168–1171 / A.D. 1754–1757
Mustafa III
A.H. 1171–1187 / A.D. 1757–1774
'Abdülhamid I
A.H. 1187–1203 / A.D. 1774–1789
Selim III
A.H. 1203–1222 / A.D. 1789–1807
Mustafa IV
A.H. 1222–1223 / A.D. 1807–1808
Mahmud II
A.H. 1223–1255 / A.D. 1808–1839
'Abdülmecid I
A.H. 1255–1277 / A.D. 1839–1861
'Abdüleziz
A.H. 1277–1293 / A.D. 1861–1876
Murad V
A.H. 1293 / A.D. 1876
'Abdülhamid II
A.H. 1293–1327 / A.D. 1876–1909
Mehmet V Reshad
A.H. 1327–1336 / A.D. 1909–1918
Mehmet VI
A.H. 1336–1341 / A.D. 1918–1922
'Abdülmecid II (caliph only)
A.H. 1341–1342 / A.D. 1922–1924
Kšprülü Wazirs
A.H. 1066–1122 / A.D. 1656–1710
Mehmet Pasha
A.H. 1066–1072 / A.D. 1656–1661
Fazil Ahmed Pasha
A.H. 1072–1087 / A.D. 1661–1676
Kara Mustafa Pasha (by marriage)
A.H. 1087–1095 / A.D. 1676–1683
Fazil Mustafa Pasha
A.H. 1101–1102 / A.D. 1689–1691
Hüseyin Pasha
A.H. 1109–1114 / A.D. 1697–1702
Nu'man Pasha
A.H. 1122 / A.D. 1710
Mongols
A.H. 603–1043 / A.D. 1206–1634
A.H. 654–754 / A.D. 1256–1353
Hülegü
A.H. 654–663 / A.D. 1256–1265
Abaqa
A.H. 663–680 / A.D. 1265–1282
Ahmad Tegüder
A.H. 680–683 / A.D. 1282–1284
Arghun
A.H. 683–690 / A.D. 1284–1291
Gaykhatu
A.H. 690–694 / A.D. 1291–1295
Baydu
A.H. 694 / A.D. 1295
Mahmud Ghazan
A.H. 694–703 / A.D. 1295–1304
Muhammad Khudabanda Öljeytü (Uljaytu)
A.H. 703–716 / A.D. 1304–1317
Abu Sa'id
A.H. 716–736 / A.D. 1317–1335
Arpa
A.H. 736–737 / A.D. 1335–1336
Musa
A.H. 737 / A.D. 1336
[rival khans]
A.H. 736–754 / A.D. 1336–1353
Golden Horde
A.H. 621–760 / A.D. 1224–1359
White Horde
A.H. 623–831 / A.D. 1226–1428
Chaghatayid Dynasty
A.H. 624–771 / A.D. 1227–1370
Khans of Kazan
A.H. 841–959 / A.D. 1438–1552
Khans of Kasimof
A.H. 854–1089 / A.D. 1450–1678
Khans of Crimea
A.H. 823–1197 / A.D. 1420–1783
Iran (after the Mongols)
Jalayirid Dynasty
A.H. 736–835 / A.D. 1336–1432
Muzaffarid Dynasty
A.H. 713–795 / A.D. 1314–1393
Injuid Dynasty
A.H. 703–758 / A.D. 1303–1357
Sarbadarid Dynasty
A.H. 758–781 / A.D. 1357–1379
Karts Dynasty
A.H. 643–791 / A.D. 1245–1389
Qara Quyunlu Dynasty
A.H. 782–873 / A.D. 1380–1468
Aq Quyunlu Dynasty
A.H. 780–914 / A.D. 1378–1508
A.H. 907–1145 / A.D. 1501–1732
Isma'il I (
)
A.H. 907–930 / A.D. 1501–1524
Tahmasp I
A.H. 930–984 / A.D. 1524–1576
Isma'il II
A.H. 984–985 / A.D. 1576–1578
Muhammad Khudabanda
A.H. 985–996 / A.D. 1578–1588
'Abbas I (
)
A.H. 996–1038 / A.D. 1587–1629
Safi I
A.H. 1038–1052 / A.D. 1629–1642
'Abbas II
A.H. 1052–1077 / A.D. 1642–1666
Sulayman I (Safi II)
A.H. 1077–1105 / A.D. 1666–1694
Husayn I
A.H. 1105–1135 / A.D. 1694–1722
Tahmasp II
A.H. 1135–1145 / A.D. 1722–1732
'Abbas III
A.H. 1145–1163 / A.D. 1732–1749
Sulayman II
A.H. 1163 / A.D. 1749–1750
Isma'il III
A.H. 1163–1166 / A.D. 1750–1753
Husayn II
A.H. 1166–1200 / A.D. 1753–1786
Muhammad
A.H. 1200 / A.D. 1786
Afsharid Dynasty
A.H. 1148–1210 / A.D. 1736–1795
Nadir Shah (Tahmasp Quli Khan)
A.H. 1148–1160 / A.D. 1736–1747
'Adil Shah ('Ali Quli Khan)
A.H. 1160–1161 / A.D. 1747–1748
Ibrahim
A.H. 1161 / A.D. 1748
Shah Rukh (in Khorasan)
A.H. 1161–1210 / A.D. 1748–1795
Zand Dynasty
A.H. 1163–1209 / A.D. 1750–1794
Muhammad Karim Khan
A.H. 1163–1193 / A.D. 1750–1779
Abu-I-Fath / Muhammad 'Ali (joint rulers)
A.H. 1193 / A.D. 1779
Sadiq (in Shiraz)
A.H. 1193–1195 / A.D. 1779–1781
'Ali Murad (in Isfahan)
A.H. 1193–1199 / A.D. 1779–1785
Ja'far
A.H. 1199–1203 / A.D. 1785–1789
Lutf 'Ali
A.H. 1203–1209 / A.D. 1789–1794
Qajar Dynasty
A.H. 1193–1342 / A.D. 1779–1924
Agha Muhammad
A.H. 1193–1212 / A.D. 1779–1797
Fath 'Ali Shah
A.H. 1212–1250 / A.D. 1797–1834
Muhammad
A.H. 1250–1264 / A.D. 1834–1848
Nasir al-Din (
)
A.H. 1264–1313 / A.D. 1848–1896
Muzaffar al-Din
A.H. 1313–1324 / A.D. 1896–1907
Muhammad 'Ali
A.H. 1324–1327 / A.D. 1907–1909
Ahmad
A.H. 1327–1342 / A.D. 1909–1924
Transoxiana and Afghanistan
A.H. 771–912 / A.D. 1370–1507
Timur
A.H. 771–807 / A.D. 1370–1405
Khalil
A.H. 807–812 / A.D. 1405–1409
Shah Rukh
A.H. 807–850 / A.D. 1405–1447
Ulugh Beg
A.H. 850–853 / A.D. 1447–1449
'Abd al-Latif
A.H. 853–854 / A.D. 1449–1450
'Abdullah
A.H. 854–855 / A.D. 1450–1451
Abu Sa'id
A.H. 855–873 / A.D. 1451–1469
Ahmad
A.H. 873–899 / A.D. 1469–1494
Mahmud ibn Abi Sa'id
A.H. 899–906 / A.D. 1494–1500
Shaybanid Dynasty
A.H. 905–1007 / A.D. 1500–1598
Janid Dynasty
A.H. 1009–1199 / A.D. 1559–1785
Mangit Dynasty
A.H. 1170–1339 / A.D. 1757–1920
Khans of Khiva
A.H. 921–1290 / A.D. 1515–1872
Ghaznavid Dynasty
A.H. 366–582 / A.D. 977–1186
Nasir al-Dawla Sebüktigin
A.H. 366–387 / A.D. 977–997
Isma'il
A.H. 387–388 / A.D. 997–998
Mahmud
A.H. 388–421 / A.D. 998–1030
Muhammad (1st reign)
A.H. 421 / A.D. 1030–1031
Mas'ud I
A.H. 421–432 / A.D. 1031–1041
Muhammad (2nd reign)
A.H. 432 / A.D. 1041
Shihab al-Dawla Mawdud
A.H. 432–441 / A.D. 1041–1050
Mas'ud II
A.H. 441 / A.D. 1050
'Ali
A.H. 441 / A.D. 1050
'Abd al-Rashid
A.H. 441–444 / A.D. 1050–1053
Qawam al-Dawla Toghril (usurper)
A.H. 444 / A.D. 1053
Farrukhzad
A.H. 444–451 / A.D. 1053–1059
Ibrahim
A.H. 451–492 / A.D. 1059–1099
Mas'ud III
A.H. 492–508 / A.D. 1099–1114
Shirzad
A.H. 508–509 / A.D. 1114–1115
Arslan Shah
A.H. 509–512 / A.D. 1115–1118
Bahram Shah
A.H. 512–547 / A.D. 1118–1152
Khusraw Shah
A.H. 547–555 / A.D. 1152–1160
Khusraw Malik
A.H. 555–582 / A.D. 1160–1186
Ghurid Dynasty
A.H. 390–612 / A.D. 1000–1215
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رواه ابو داود و حدثه ابو هريرة
عَبَّادِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ
Narrated AbuHurayrah:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say: "O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from four things: Knowledge which does not profit, a heart which is not submissive, a soul which has an insatiable appetite, and a supplication which is not heard."
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَخِيهِ، عَبَّادِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الأَرْبَعِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ لاَ يَنْفَعُ وَمِنْ قَلْبٍ لاَ يَخْشَعُ وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لاَ تَشْبَعُ وَمِنْ دُعَاءٍ لاَ يُسْمَعُ " .
Grade : Sahih (Al-Albani)
Sunan Abu Dawud 1548
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10 Sebab Doa Tidak Dimakbulkan!
Terdapat satu kisah yang berlaku pada zaman tabiin , seorang ulama sufi yang terkenal, Ibrahim Adham pernah di tanya mengapakah doa-doa mereka langsung tidak dimakbulkan oleh Allah SWT.
Beliau menjawab,
“Terdapat 10 perkara kenapa doa-doa mereka tidak di makbulkan oleh Allah SWT, antaranya ialah:
Dengan itu maka taatlah akan Allah SWT,beramallah dengan Al-Quran, hidupkanlah amalan sunnah Rasulullah SAW, perangilah syaitan dengan penuh kesungguhan, berjalanlah di atas jalan menuju ke syurga, hindarilah dirimu dari masuk ke jalan ahli neraka.
Bersedialah untuk menghadapi maut, perbaikilah keaiban dirimu. Banyakkanlah meminta ampun (istighfar) dan bersyukur. Ingatlah kamu bahawa setiap diri di ikat oleh maut. Insya Allah, jika engkau demikian, maka doamu sentiasa di terima Allah SWT.”
Sahabat yang dirahmati Allah,
Marilah kita beramal dengan 10 amalan yang dinyatakan oleh Ahli Sufi Ibrahim Adham kerana kesemua perkara tersebut adalah ajaran Islam yang sepatutnya kita beramal dan melaksanakannya dalam kehidupan kita.
Jika kita istiqamah dengan Islam, melaksanakan semua perintah Allah SWT dan menjauhi larangan-Nya dan mematuhi sunah Rasulullah SAW dan menjaga hubungan kita sesama manusia maka yakinlah insya Allah doa-doa kita akan dimakbulkan oleh Allah SWT.
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