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1. Al-Fatihah (1) 2. Al-Baqarah (2) 3. Al-Baqarah (2) 4.         " 5.         " 6.         " 7.         " 8.         " 9.         " 10.         " 11.         " 12.         " 13.         " 14.         " 15.         " 16.         " 17.         " 18.         " 19.         " 20.         " 21.         " 22.         " 23.         " 24.         " 25.         " 26.         " 27.         " 28.         " 29.         " 30.         " 31.         " 32.         " 33.         " 34.         " 35.         " 36.         " 37.         " 38.         " 39.         " 40.         " 41.         " 42.         " 43.         " 44.         " 45.         " 46.         " 47.         " 48.         " 49.         " 50. Ali Imran (3)

 

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51. Ali Imran (3) 52. Ali Imran (3) 53.         " 54.         " 55.         " 56.         " 57.         " 58.         " 59.         " 60.         " 61.         " 62.         " 63.         " 64.         " 65.         " 66.         " 67.         " 68.         " 69.         " 70.         " 71.         " 72.         " 73.         " 74.         " 75.         " 76.         " 77. An-Nisa' (4) 78. An-Nisa' (4) 79.         " 80.         " 81.         " 82.         " 83.         " 84.         " 85.         " 86.         " 87.         " 88.         " 89.         " 90.         " 91.         " 92.         " 93.         " 94.         " 95.         " 96.         " 97.         " 98.         " 99.         " 100.         "

 

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101. An-Nisaa' 102. An-Nisaa' 103.         " 104.         " 105.         " 106. Al-Maa'idah (5) 107. Al-Maa'idah 108.         " 109.         " 110.         " 111.         " 112.         " 113.         " 114.         " 115.         " 116.         " 117.         " 118.         " 119.         " 120.         " 121.         " 122.         " 123.         " 124.         " 125.         " 126.         " 127.         " 128. Al-An'aam (6) 129. Al-An'aam 130.         " 131.         " 132.         " 133.         " 134.         " 135.         " 136.         " 137.         " 138.         " 139.         " 140.         " 141.         " 142.         " 143.         " 144.         " 145.         " 146.         " 147.         " 148.         " 149.         " 150.         "

 

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151. Al-A'raaf (7) 152. Surah Al-A'raaf 153.         " 154.         " 155.         " 156.         " 157.         " 158.         " 159.         " 160.         " 161.         " 162.         " 163.         " 164.         " 165.         " 166.         " 167.         " 168.         " 169.         " 170.         " 171.         " 172.         " 173.         " 174.         " 175.         " 176.         " 177. Al-Anfaal (8) 178. Surah Al-Anfaal 179.         " 180.         " 181.         " 182.         " 183.         " 184.         " 185.         " 186.         " 187. At-Taubah (9) 188. Surah At-Taubah 189.         " 190.         " 191.         " 192.         " 193.         " 194.         " 195.         " 196.         " 197.         " 198.         " 199.         " 200.         "

 

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201. At-Taubah 202. At-Taubah 203.         " 204.         " 205.         " 206.         " 207.         " 208. Yunus (10) 209. Yunus 210.         " 211.         " 212.         " 213.         " 214.         " 215.         " 216.         " 217.         " 218.         " 219.         " 220.         " 221. Hud (11) 222. Hud 223.         " 224.         " 225.         " 226.         " 227.         " 228.         " 229.         " 230.         " 231.         " 232.         " 233.         " 234.         " 235. Yusuf (12) 236. Yusuf 237.         " 238.         " 239.         " 240.         " 241.         " 242.         " 243.         " 244.         " 245.         " 246.         " 247.         " 248.         " 249. Ar-Ra'd (13) 250. Ar-Ra'd

 

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251. Ar-Ra'd 252. Ar-Ra'd 253.         " 254.         " 255. Ibrahim (14) 256. Ibrahim 257.         " 258.         " 259.         " 260.         " 261.         " 262. Al-Hijr (15) 263. Al-Hijr 264.         " 265.         " 266.         " 267. Al-Nahl (16) 268. Al-Nahl 269.         " 270.         " 271.         " 272.         " 273.         " 274.         " 275.         " 276.         " 277.         " 278.         " 279.         " 280.         " 281.         " 282. Al-Israa' (17) 283. Al-Israa' 284.         " 285.         " 286.         " 287.         " 288.         " 289.         " 290.         " 291.         " 292.         " 293. Al-Kahfi (18) 294. Al-Kahfi 295.         " 296.         " 297.         " 298.         " 299.         " 300.         "

 

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301. Al-Kahfi 302. Al-Kahfi 303.         " 304.         " 305. Maryam (19) 306. Maryam 307.         " 308.         " 309.         " 310.         " 311.         " 312. Taha (20) 313. Taha 314.         " 315.         " 316.         " 317.         " 318.         " 319.         " 320.         " 321.         " 322. Al-Anbiyaa' (21) 323. Al-Anbiyaa' 324.         " 325.         " 326.         " 327.         " 328.         " 329.         " 330.         " 331.         " 332. Al-Hajj (22) 333. Al-Hajj 334.         " 335.         " 336.         " 337.         " 338.         " 339.         " 340.         " 341.         " 342. Al-Mu'minuun (23) 343. Al-Mu'minuun 344.         " 345.         " 346.         " 347.         " 348.         " 349.         " 350. An-Nuur (24)

 

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351. An-Nuur (24) 352. An-Nuur (24) 353.         " 354.         " 355.         " 356.         " 357.         " 358.         " 359. Al-Furqaan (25) 360. Al-Furqaan (25) 361.         " 362.         " 363.         " 364.         " 365.         " 366.         " 367. Asy-Syu'araa' (26) 368. Asy-Syu'araa' 369.         " 370.         " 371.         " 372.         " 373.         " 374.         " 375.         " 376.         " 377. An-Naml (27) 378. An-Naml 379.         " 380.         " 381.         " 382.         " 383.         " 384.         " 385. Al-Qasas (28) 386. Al-Qasas 387.         " 388.         " 389.         " 390.         " 391.         " 392.         " 393.         " 394.         " 395.         " 396. Al-'Ankabuut (29) 397. Al-'Ankabuut 398.         " 399.         " 400.         "

 

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401. Al-'Ankabut 402. Al-'Ankabut 403.         " 404. Ar-Rum (30) 405. Ar-Rum 406.         " 407.         " 408.         " 409.         " 410.         " 411. Luqman (31) 412. Luqman 413.         " 414.         " 415. As-Sajdah (32) 416. As-Sajdah 417.         " 418. Al-Ahzab (33) 419. Al-Ahzab 420.         " 421.         " 422.         " 423.         " 424.         " 425.         " 426.         " 427.         " 428. Saba' (34) 429. Saba' 430.         " 431.         " 432.         " 433.         " 434. Faatir (35) 435. Faatir 436.         " 437.         " 438.         " 439.         " 440. Ya Siin (36) 441. Ya Siin 442.         " 443.         " 444.         " 445.         " 446. As-Saaffaat (37) 447. As-Saaffaat 448.         " 449.         " 450.         "

 

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451. As-Saaffaat 452. As-Saaffaat 453. Saad (38) 454. Saad 455.         " 456.         " 457.         " 458. Az-Zumar (39) 459. Az-Zumar 460.         " 461.         " 462.         " 463.         " 464.         " 465.         " 466.         " 467. Ghaafir (40) 468. Ghaafir 469.         " 470.         " 471.         " 472.         " 473.         " 474.         " 475.         " 476.         " 477. Fussilat (41) 478. Fussilat 479.         " 480.         " 481.         " 482.         " 483. Asy-Syuura (42) 484. Asy-Syuura 485.         " 486.         " 487.         " 488.         " 489. Az-Zukhruf (43) 490. Az-Zukhruf 491.         " 492.         " 493.         " 494.         " 495.         " 496. Ad-Dukhaan (44) 497. Ad-Dukhaan 498.         " 499. Al-Jaathiyah (45) 500. Al-Jaathiyah

 

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501. Al-Jaathiyah 502. Al-Ahqaaf (46) 503. Al-Ahqaaf 504.         " 505.         " 506.         " 507. Muhammad (47) 508. Muhammad 509.         " 510.         " 511. Al-Fat-h (48) 512. Al-Fat-h 513.         " 514.         " 515. Al-Hujuraat (49) 516. Al-Hujuraat 517.         " 518. Qaaf (50) 519. Qaaf 520. Adz-Dzaariyaat (51) 521. Adz-Dzaariyaat 522.         " 523. At-Tuur (52) 524. At-Tuur 525.         " 526. An-Najm (53) 527. An-Najm 528. Al-Qamar (54) 529. Al-Qamar 530.         " 531. Ar-Rahmaan (55) 532. Ar-Rahmaan 533.         " 534. Al-Waaqi'ah (56) 535. Al-Waaqi'ah 536.         " 537. Al-Hadiid (57) 538. Al-Hadiid 539.         " 540.         " 541.         " 542. Al-Mujaadalah (58) 543. Al-Mujaadalah 544.         " 545. Al-Hasy-r (59) 546. Al-Hasy-r 547.         " 548.         " 549. Al-Mumtahanah (60) 550. Al-Mumtahanah

 

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551. As-Soff (61) 552. As-Soff 553. Al-Jumu'ah (62) 554. Al-Munafiqun (63) 555. Al-Munafiqun (63) 556. At-Taghobun (64) 557. At-Taghobun (64) 558. At-Tolaaq (65) 559. At-Tolaaq (65) 560. At-Tahrim (66) 561. At-Tahrim (66) 562. Al-Mulk (67) 563. Al-Mulk (67) 564. Al-Qolam (68) 565. Al-Qolam (68) 566. Al-Haaqqah (69) 567. Al-Haaqqah (69) 568. Al-Ma'arij (70) 569. Al-Ma'arij (70) 570. Nuh (71) 571. Nuh (71) 572. Al-Jinn (72) 573. Al-Jinn (72) 574. Al-Muzzammil (73) 575. Al-Muddassir (74) 576. Al-Muddassir (74) 577. Al-Qiyamah (75) 578. Al-Insaan (76) 579. Al-Insaan (76) 580. Al-Mursalat (77) 581. Al-Mursalat 582. An-Naba' (78) 583. An-Nazi'aat (79) 584. An-Nazi'aat 585. 'Abasa (80) 586. At-Takwir (81) 587. Al-Infithor (82) 588. Al-Muthoffifin 589. Al-Insyiqaq (84) 590. Al-Buruj (85) 591. At-Thoriq (86) 592. Al-Ghosyiah (88) 593. Al-Fajr (89) 594. Al-Balad (90) 595. Asy-Syams (91) 596. Ad-Dhuha (93) 597. At-Tin (95) 598. Al-Qadr (97) 599. Az-Zalzalah (99) 600. Al-Qori'ah (101) 601. Al-'Asr (103) 602. Quraisy (106) 603. Al-Kafirun (109) 604. Al-Ikhlas (112)

 

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Page11 - Al-Fatihah 22 - Al-Baqarah 503 - Ali Imran 774 - An-Nisa' 1065 - Al-Maa'idah 1286 - Al-An'aam 1517 - Al-A'raaf 1778 - Al-Anfaal 1879 - At-Taubah 20810 - Yunus 22111 - Hud 23512 - Yusuf 24913 - Ar-Ra'd 25514 - Ibrahim 26215 - Al-Hijr 26716 - Al-Nahl 28217 - Al-Israa' 29318 - Al-Kahfi 30519 - Maryam 31220 - Taha 32221 - Al-Anbiyaa' 33222 - Al-Hajj 34223 - Al-Mu'minuun 35024 - An-Nuur 35925 - Al-Furqaan 36726 - Asy-Syu'araa' 37727 - An-Naml 38528 - Al-Qasas 39629 - Al-'Ankabuut 40129 - Al-'Ankabut 40430 - Ar-Rum 41131 - Luqman 41532 - As-Sajdah 41833 - Al-Ahzab 42834 - Saba' 43435 - Faatir 44036 - Ya Siin 44637 - As-Saaffaat 45338 - Saad 45839 - Az-Zumar 46740 - Ghaafir 47741 - Fussilat 48342 - Asy-Syuura 48943 - Az-Zukhruf 49644 - Ad-Dukhaan 49945 - Al-Jaathiyah 50246 - Al-Ahqaaf 50747 - Muhammad 51148 - Al-Fat-h 51549 - Al-Hujuraat 51850 - Qaaf 52051 - Adz-Dzaariyaat 52352 - At-Tuur 52653 - An-Najm 52854 - Al-Qamar 53155 - Ar-Rahmaan 53456 - Al-Waaqi'ah 53757 - Al-Hadiid 54258 - Al-Mujaadalah 54559 - Al-Hasy-r 54960 - Al-Mumtahanah 55161 - As-Soff 55362 - Al-Jumu'ah 55463 - Al-Munafiqun 55664 - At-Taghobun 55865 - At-Tolaaq 56066 - At-Tahrim 56267 - Al-Mulk 56468 - Al-Qolam 56669 - Al-Haaqqah 56870 - Al-Ma'arij 57071 - Nuh 57272 - Al-Jinn 57473 - Al-Muzzammil 57574 - Al-Muddassir 57775 - Al-Qiyamah 57876 - Al-Insaan 58077 - Al-Mursalat 58278 - An-Naba' 58379 - An-Nazi'aat 58580 - 'Abasa 58681 - At-Takwir 58782 - Al-Infithor 58883 - Al-Muthoffifin 58984 - Al-Insyiqaq 59085 - Al-Buruj 59186 - At-Thoriq 59187 - Al-A'la 59288 - Al-Ghosyiah 59389 - Al-Fajr 59490 - Al-Balad 59591 - Asy-Syams 59592 - Al-Layli 59693 - Ad-Dhuha 59694 - Asy-Syarh 59795 - At-Tin 59796 - Al-'Alaq 59897 - Al-Qadr 59898 - Al-Bayyinah 59999 - Az-Zalzalah 599100 - Al-'Aadiyat 600101 - Al-Qori'ah 600102 - At-Takasur 601103 - Al-'Asr 601104 - Al-Humazah 601105 - Al-Fiil 602106 - Quraisy 602107 - Al-Ma'uun 602108 - Al-Kausar 603109 - Al-Kafirun 603110 - An-Nasr 603111 - Al-Masad 604112 - Al-Ikhlas 604113 - Al-Falaq 604114 - An-Naas

 

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90 - Al-Balad

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Daily Conversation Linked to Quran

س... انت تؤيد اصحاب الميمنة او اصحاب المشأمة
ا...... طبعا اصحاب الميمنة
Q ... You  support the right members or the left members?
A ... Of course, the right members.

S .... Awak sokong golongan kanan atau golongan kiri
J .... Sudah tentu, golongan kanan

问...您支持右成员还是左成员?
wèn... nín zhī chí yòu chéng yuán hái shì zuǒ chéng yuán 
 答 ...当然是右成员。
dá... dāng rán shì yòu chéng yuán

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1. TAJWEED : TARANNUM

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2.TRANSLATIONS : COMMENTARIES

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A....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar   تفسير المیسر

B....ENGLISH

Saheeh International

C.....MALAY

Basmeih

D.....CHINESE

Ma Jian

E......ARABIC : ENGLISH : MALAY : CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar  تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian
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Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah Balad Ayat 11 – 20 (Kesusahan yang digalakkan)

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A.....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar :  تفسير المیسر

٢٤  يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي

٢٤  يقول: يا ليتني قدَّمتُ في الدنيا من الأعمال ما ينفعني لحياتي في الآخرة.

٢٥  فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ

٢٥  ففي ذلك اليوم العصيب لا يستطيع أحدٌ ولا يقدر أن يُعذِّبَ مثل تعذيب الله من عصاه، ولا يستطيع أحد أن يوثِقَ مثل وثاق الله، ولا يبلغ أحدٌ مبلغه في ذلك.

٢٦  وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ

٢٦  ففي ذلك اليوم العصيب لا يستطيع أحدٌ ولا يقدر أن يُعذِّبَ مثل تعذيب الله من عصاه، ولا يستطيع أحد أن يوثِقَ مثل وثاق الله، ولا يبلغ أحدٌ مبلغه في ذلك.

٢٧  يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

٢٧  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

٢٨  ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً

٢٨  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

٢٩  فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي

٢٩  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

٣٠  وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

٣٠  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

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سورة البلد

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

١  لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

١  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

٢  وَأَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

٢  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

٣  وَوَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ

٣  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

٤  لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي كَبَدٍ

٤  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

٥  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ

٥  أيظنُّ بما جمعه من مال أن الله لن يقدر عليه؟

٦  يَقُولُ أَهْلَكْتُ مَالًا لُبَدًا

٦  يقول متباهيًا: أنفقت مالا كثيرًا. أيظنُّ في فعله هذا أن الله عز وجل لا يراه، ولا يحاسبه على الصغير والكبير؟

٧  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ

٧  يقول متباهيًا: أنفقت مالا كثيرًا. أيظنُّ في فعله هذا أن الله عز وجل لا يراه، ولا يحاسبه على الصغير والكبير؟

٨  أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ

٨  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

٩  وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ

٩  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

١٠  وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ

١٠  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

١١  فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ

١١  فهلا تجاوز مشقة الآخرة بإنفاق ماله، فيأمن.

١٢  وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ

١٢  وأيُّ شيء أعلمك: ما مشقة الآخرة، وما يعين على تجاوزها؟

١٣  فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ

١٣  إنه عتق رقبة مؤمنة من أسر الرِّق.

١٤  أَوْ إِطْعَامٌ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي مَسْغَبَةٍ

١٤  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

١٥  يَتِيمًا ذَا مَقْرَبَةٍ

١٥  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

١٦  أَوْ مِسْكِينًا ذَا مَتْرَبَةٍ

١٦  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

١٧  ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ

١٧  ثم كان مع فِعْل ما ذُكر من أعمال الخير من الذين أخلصوا الإيمان لله، وأوصى بعضهم بعضًا بالصبر على طاعة الله وعن معاصيه، وتواصوا بالرحمة بالخلق.

١٨  أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ

١٨  الذين فعلوا هذه الأفعال، هم أصحاب اليمين، الذين يؤخذ بهم يوم القيامة ذات اليمين إلى الجنة.

١٩  وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ

١٩  والذين كفروا بالقرآن هم الذين يؤخذ بهم يوم القيامة ذات الشمال إلى النار.

٢٠  عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ

٢٠  جزاؤهم جهنم مطبَقةٌ مغلقة عليهم.

 

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B....ENGLISH

Saheeh International

٢٤  يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي

24  He will say, "Oh, I wish I had sent ahead [some good] for my life."

٢٥  فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ

25  So on that Day, none will punish [as severely] as His punishment,

٢٦  وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ

26  And none will bind [as severely] as His binding [of the evildoers].

٢٧  يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

27  [To the righteous it will be said], "O reassured soul,

٢٨  ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً

28  Return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him],

٢٩  فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي

29  And enter among My [righteous] servants

٣٠  وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

30  And enter My Paradise."

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سورة البلد

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

١  لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

1  I swear by this city, Makkah -

٢  وَأَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

2  And you, [O Muhammad], are free of restriction in this city -

٣  وَوَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ

3  And [by] the father and that which was born [of him],

٤  لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي كَبَدٍ

4  We have certainly created man into hardship.

٥  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ

5  Does he think that never will anyone overcome him?

٦  يَقُولُ أَهْلَكْتُ مَالًا لُبَدًا

6  He says, "I have spent wealth in abundance."

٧  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ

7  Does he think that no one has seen him?

٨  أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ

8  Have We not made for him two eyes?

٩  وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ

9  And a tongue and two lips?

١٠  وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ

10  And have shown him the two ways?

١١  فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ

11  But he has not broken through the difficult pass.

١٢  وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ

12  And what can make you know what is [breaking through] the difficult pass?

١٣  فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ

13  It is the freeing of a slave

١٤  أَوْ إِطْعَامٌ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي مَسْغَبَةٍ

14  Or feeding on a day of severe hunger

١٥  يَتِيمًا ذَا مَقْرَبَةٍ

15  An orphan of near relationship

١٦  أَوْ مِسْكِينًا ذَا مَتْرَبَةٍ

16  Or a needy person in misery

١٧  ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ

17  And then being among those who believed and advised one another to patience and advised one another to compassion.

١٨  أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ

18  Those are the companions of the right.

١٩  وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ

19  But they who disbelieved in Our signs - those are the companions of the left.

٢٠  عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ

20  Over them will be fire closed in.

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C.....MALAY

Basmeih

٢٤  يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي

24  Ia akan berkata: "Alangkah baiknya kalau aku dahulu sediakan amal-amal baik untuk hidupku (di sini)!"

٢٥  فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ

25  Maka pada hari itu tiada sesiapapun yang dapat menyeksa seperti azab (yang ditimpakan oleh) Allah.

٢٦  وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ

26  Dan tiada sesiapapun yang dapat mengikat serta membelenggu seperti ikatan dan belengguNya.

٢٧  يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

27  (Setelah menerangkan akibat orang-orang yang tidak menghiraukan akhirat, Tuhan menyatakan bahawa orang-orang yang beriman dan beramal soleh akan disambut dengan kata-kata): "Wahai orang yang mempunyai jiwa yang sentiasa tenang tetap dengan kepercayaan dan bawaan baiknya! -

٢٨  ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً

28  "Kembalilah kepada Tuhanmu dengan keadaan engkau berpuas hati (dengan segala nikmat yang diberikan) lagi diredhai (di sisi Tuhanmu) ! -

٢٩  فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي

29  "Serta masuklah engkau dalam kumpulan hamba-hambaku yang berbahagia -

٣٠  وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

30  "Dan masuklah ke dalam SyurgaKu! "

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سورة البلد

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 Dengan nama Allah, Yang Maha Pemurah, lagi Maha Mengasihani.

١  لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

1  Aku bersumpah dengan negeri (Makkah) ini;

٢  وَأَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

2  Sedang engkau (wahai Muhammad) tinggal di negeri ini (sentiasa ditindas),

٣  وَوَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ

3  Demi manusia yang melahirkan zuriat, dan zuriat yang dilahirkannya;

٤  لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي كَبَدٍ

4  Sesungguhnya Kami telah jadikan manusia sentiasa dalam keadaan menghadapi kesulitan dan kesukaran (jasmani dan rohaninya);

٥  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ

5  Patutkah manusia yang demikian keadaannya (terpedaya dengan kekuasaan yang ada padanya dan) menyangka bahawa tidak ada sesiapapun yang dapat mengatasi kekuasaannya (dan menyeksakannya)?

٦  يَقُولُ أَهْلَكْتُ مَالًا لُبَدًا

6  Manusia yang demikian keadaannya (tidaklah patut ia bermegah-megah dengan kekayaannya dan) berkata: "Aku telah habiskan harta benda yang banyak (dalam usaha menegakkan nama dan bangsa).

٧  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ

7  Adakah ia menyangka bahawa tidak ada sesiapapun yang melihatnya (dan mengetahui tujuannya menghabiskan harta bendanya itu?

٨  أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ

8  (Mengapa manusia terpedaya dan bermegah-megah?) Tidakkah Kami telah menjadikan baginya: dua mata (untuk ia memerhatikan kekuasaan dan kekayaan Kami?) -

٩  وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ

9  Dan lidah serta dua bibir (untuk ia menyempurnakan sebahagian besar dari hajat-hajatnya)?

١٠  وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ

10  Dan Kami telah menunjukkan kepadanya dua jalan, (jalan kebaikan untuk dijalaninya, dan jalan kejahatan untuk dijauhi)?

١١  فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ

11  Dalam pada itu manusia tidak (memilih jalan kebaikan) merempuh masuk mengerjakan amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan;

١٢  وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ

12  Dan apa jalannya engkau dapat mengetahui: apa dia amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan itu?

١٣  فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ

13  (Di antara amal-amal itu - bagi orang yang mampu) ialah: memerdekakan hamba abdi;

١٤  أَوْ إِطْعَامٌ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي مَسْغَبَةٍ

14  Atau memberi makan pada hari kelaparan -

١٥  يَتِيمًا ذَا مَقْرَبَةٍ

15  Kepada anak yatim dari kaum kerabat,

١٦  أَوْ مِسْكِينًا ذَا مَتْرَبَةٍ

16  Atau kepada orang miskin yang terlantar di atas tanah.

١٧  ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ

17  Selain dari (tidak mengerjakan amal-amal) itu, ia (tidak pula) menjadi dari orang-orang yang beriman dan berpesan-pesan dengan sabar serta berpesan-pesan dengan kasih sayang.

١٨  أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ

18  (Ketahuilah! Bahawa orang-orang yang beriman serta berusaha mengerjakan amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan), merekalah golongan pihak kanan (yang akan beroleh Syurga).

١٩  وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ

19  Dan (sebaliknya) orang-orang yang kufur ingkar akan ayat-ayat keterangan Kami, merekalah golongan pihak kiri. -

٢٠  عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ

20  Mereka ditimpakan (azab seksa) neraka yang ditutup rapat (supaya kuat bakarannya).

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D.....CHINESE

Ma Jian

٢٤  يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي

24  他将说:但愿我在世的时候曾行善事。

٢٥  فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ

25  在那日,任何人,不用他的那种刑罚惩治别人;

٢٦  وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ

26  任何人,不用他的那种束缚束缚别人。

٢٧  يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

27  安定的灵魂啊!

٢٨  ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً

28  你应当喜悦地,被喜悦地归於你的主。

٢٩  فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي

29  你应当入在我的众仆里;

٣٠  وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

30  你应当入在我的乐园里。

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سورة البلد

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

奉至仁至慈的真主之名

١  لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

1  我以这个地方盟誓--

٢  وَأَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

2  你将在那里,不受羁束--

٣  وَوَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ

3  我以一个父亲和他所生的子孙盟誓,

٤  لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي كَبَدٍ

4  我确已把人创造在苦难里。

٥  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ

5  他以为任何人都不能制裁他吗?

٦  يَقُولُ أَهْلَكْتُ مَالًا لُبَدًا

6  他说:我花费了许多财产!

٧  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ

7  他以为任何人都没有看见他吗?

٨  أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ

8  难道我没有为他创造两只眼睛、

٩  وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ

9  一条舌头、两片嘴唇,

١٠  وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ

10  并指示他两条明显的道路吗?

١١  فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ

11  他怎麽不超越山径呢?

١٢  وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ

12  你怎能知道超越山径是什麽事?

١٣  فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ

13  是释放奴隶,

١٤  أَوْ إِطْعَامٌ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي مَسْغَبَةٍ

14  或在饥荒日赈济

١٥  يَتِيمًا ذَا مَقْرَبَةٍ

15  亲戚的孤儿,

١٦  أَوْ مِسْكِينًا ذَا مَتْرَبَةٍ

16  或困穷的贫民;

١٧  ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ

17  同时,他是一个信道而且行善,并以坚忍相勉,以慈悯相助者。

١٨  أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ

18  这等人是幸福的。

١٩  وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ

19  不信我的迹象者,是薄命的,

٢٠  عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ

20  他们将被关在火狱里。

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E......ARABIC : ENGLISH : MALAY : CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar  تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian

٢٤  يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي

٢٤  يقول: يا ليتني قدَّمتُ في الدنيا من الأعمال ما ينفعني لحياتي في الآخرة.

24  He will say, "Oh, I wish I had sent ahead [some good] for my life."

24  Ia akan berkata: "Alangkah baiknya kalau aku dahulu sediakan amal-amal baik untuk hidupku (di sini)!"

24  他将说:但愿我在世的时候曾行善事。

٢٥  فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ

٢٥  ففي ذلك اليوم العصيب لا يستطيع أحدٌ ولا يقدر أن يُعذِّبَ مثل تعذيب الله من عصاه، ولا يستطيع أحد أن يوثِقَ مثل وثاق الله، ولا يبلغ أحدٌ مبلغه في ذلك.

25  So on that Day, none will punish [as severely] as His punishment,

25  Maka pada hari itu tiada sesiapapun yang dapat menyeksa seperti azab (yang ditimpakan oleh) Allah.

25  在那日,任何人,不用他的那种刑罚惩治别人;

٢٦  وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ

٢٦  ففي ذلك اليوم العصيب لا يستطيع أحدٌ ولا يقدر أن يُعذِّبَ مثل تعذيب الله من عصاه، ولا يستطيع أحد أن يوثِقَ مثل وثاق الله، ولا يبلغ أحدٌ مبلغه في ذلك.

26  And none will bind [as severely] as His binding [of the evildoers].

26  Dan tiada sesiapapun yang dapat mengikat serta membelenggu seperti ikatan dan belengguNya.

26  任何人,不用他的那种束缚束缚别人。

٢٧  يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

٢٧  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

27  [To the righteous it will be said], "O reassured soul,

27  (Setelah menerangkan akibat orang-orang yang tidak menghiraukan akhirat, Tuhan menyatakan bahawa orang-orang yang beriman dan beramal soleh akan disambut dengan kata-kata): "Wahai orang yang mempunyai jiwa yang sentiasa tenang tetap dengan kepercayaan dan bawaan baiknya! -

27  安定的灵魂啊!

٢٨  ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً

٢٨  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

28  Return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him],

28  "Kembalilah kepada Tuhanmu dengan keadaan engkau berpuas hati (dengan segala nikmat yang diberikan) lagi diredhai (di sisi Tuhanmu) ! -

28  你应当喜悦地,被喜悦地归於你的主。

٢٩  فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي

٢٩  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

29  And enter among My [righteous] servants

29  "Serta masuklah engkau dalam kumpulan hamba-hambaku yang berbahagia -

29  你应当入在我的众仆里;

٣٠  وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِي

٣٠  يا أيتها النفس المطمئنة إلى ذِكر الله والإيمان به، وبما أعدَّه من النعيم للمؤمنين، ارجعي إلى ربك راضية بإكرام الله لك، والله سبحانه قد رضي عنك، فادخلي في عداد عباد الله الصالحين، وادخلي معهم جنتي.

30  And enter My Paradise."

30  "Dan masuklah ke dalam SyurgaKu! "

30  你应当入在我的乐园里。

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سورة البلد

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

 Dengan nama Allah, Yang Maha Pemurah, lagi Maha Mengasihani.

奉至仁至慈的真主之名

١  لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

١  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

1  I swear by this city, Makkah -

1  Aku bersumpah dengan negeri (Makkah) ini;

1  我以这个地方盟誓--

٢  وَأَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ

٢  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

2  And you, [O Muhammad], are free of restriction in this city -

2  Sedang engkau (wahai Muhammad) tinggal di negeri ini (sentiasa ditindas),

2  你将在那里,不受羁束--

٣  وَوَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ

٣  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

3  And [by] the father and that which was born [of him],

3  Demi manusia yang melahirkan zuriat, dan zuriat yang dilahirkannya;

3  我以一个父亲和他所生的子孙盟誓,

٤  لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي كَبَدٍ

٤  أقسم الله بهذا البلد الحرام، وهو "مكة"، وأنت -أيها النبي- مقيم في هذا "البلد الحرام"، وأقسم بوالد البشرية- وهو آدم عليه السلام- وما تناسل منه من ولد، لقد خلقنا الإنسان في شدة وعناء من مكابدة الدنيا.

4  We have certainly created man into hardship.

4  Sesungguhnya Kami telah jadikan manusia sentiasa dalam keadaan menghadapi kesulitan dan kesukaran (jasmani dan rohaninya);

4  我确已把人创造在苦难里。

٥  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَنْ يَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ

٥  أيظنُّ بما جمعه من مال أن الله لن يقدر عليه؟

5  Does he think that never will anyone overcome him?

5  Patutkah manusia yang demikian keadaannya (terpedaya dengan kekuasaan yang ada padanya dan) menyangka bahawa tidak ada sesiapapun yang dapat mengatasi kekuasaannya (dan menyeksakannya)?

5  他以为任何人都不能制裁他吗?

٦  يَقُولُ أَهْلَكْتُ مَالًا لُبَدًا

٦  يقول متباهيًا: أنفقت مالا كثيرًا. أيظنُّ في فعله هذا أن الله عز وجل لا يراه، ولا يحاسبه على الصغير والكبير؟

6  He says, "I have spent wealth in abundance."

6  Manusia yang demikian keadaannya (tidaklah patut ia bermegah-megah dengan kekayaannya dan) berkata: "Aku telah habiskan harta benda yang banyak (dalam usaha menegakkan nama dan bangsa).

6  他说:我花费了许多财产!

٧  أَيَحْسَبُ أَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ\

٧  يقول متباهيًا: أنفقت مالا كثيرًا. أيظنُّ في فعله هذا أن الله عز وجل لا يراه، ولا يحاسبه على الصغير والكبير؟

7  Does he think that no one has seen him?

7  Adakah ia menyangka bahawa tidak ada sesiapapun yang melihatnya (dan mengetahui tujuannya menghabiskan harta bendanya itu?

7  他以为任何人都没有看见他吗?

٨  أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ

٨  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

8  Have We not made for him two eyes?

8  (Mengapa manusia terpedaya dan bermegah-megah?) Tidakkah Kami telah menjadikan baginya: dua mata (untuk ia memerhatikan kekuasaan dan kekayaan Kami?)

8  难道我没有为他创造两只眼睛、

 

٩  وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ

٩  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

9  And a tongue and two lips?

9  Dan lidah serta dua bibir (untuk ia menyempurnakan sebahagian besar dari hajat-hajatnya)?

9  一条舌头、两片嘴唇,

١٠  وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ

١٠  ألم نجعل له عينين يبصر بهما، ولسانًا وشفتين ينطق بها، وبينَّا له سبيلَي الخير والشر؟

10  And have shown him the two ways?

10  Dan Kami telah menunjukkan kepadanya dua jalan, (jalan kebaikan untuk dijalaninya, dan jalan kejahatan untuk dijauhi)?

10  并指示他两条明显的道路吗?

١١  فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ

١١  فهلا تجاوز مشقة الآخرة بإنفاق ماله، فيأمن.

11  But he has not broken through the difficult pass.

11  Dalam pada itu manusia tidak (memilih jalan kebaikan) merempuh masuk mengerjakan amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan;

11  他怎麽不超越山径呢?

١٢  وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ

١٢  وأيُّ شيء أعلمك: ما مشقة الآخرة، وما يعين على تجاوزها؟

12  And what can make you know what is [breaking through] the difficult pass?

12  Dan apa jalannya engkau dapat mengetahui: apa dia amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan itu?

12  你怎能知道超越山径是什麽事?

١٣  فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ

١٣  إنه عتق رقبة مؤمنة من أسر الرِّق.

13  It is the freeing of a slave

13  (Di antara amal-amal itu - bagi orang yang mampu) ialah: memerdekakan hamba abdi;

13  是释放奴隶,

١٤  أَوْ إِطْعَامٌ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي مَسْغَبَةٍ

١٤  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

14  Or feeding on a day of severe hunger

14  Atau memberi makan pada hari kelaparan -

14  或在饥荒日赈济

١٥  يَتِيمًا ذَا مَقْرَبَةٍ

١٥  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

15  An orphan of near relationship

15  Kepada anak yatim dari kaum kerabat,

15  亲戚的孤儿,

١٦  أَوْ مِسْكِينًا ذَا مَتْرَبَةٍ

١٦  أو إطعام في يوم ذي مجاعة شديدة، يتيمًا من ذوي القرابة يجتمع فيه فضل الصدقة وصلة الرحم، أو فقيرًا معدمًا لا شيء عنده.

16  Or a needy person in misery

16  Atau kepada orang miskin yang terlantar di atas tanah.

16  或困穷的贫民;

١٧  ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ

١٧  ثم كان مع فِعْل ما ذُكر من أعمال الخير من الذين أخلصوا الإيمان لله، وأوصى بعضهم بعضًا بالصبر على طاعة الله وعن معاصيه، وتواصوا بالرحمة بالخلق.

17  And then being among those who believed and advised one another to patience and advised one another to compassion.

17  Selain dari (tidak mengerjakan amal-amal) itu, ia (tidak pula) menjadi dari orang-orang yang beriman dan berpesan-pesan dengan sabar serta berpesan-pesan dengan kasih sayang.

17  同时,他是一个信道而且行善,并以坚忍相勉,以慈悯相助者。

١٨  أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ

١٨  الذين فعلوا هذه الأفعال، هم أصحاب اليمين، الذين يؤخذ بهم يوم القيامة ذات اليمين إلى الجنة.

18  Those are the companions of the right.

18  (Ketahuilah! Bahawa orang-orang yang beriman serta berusaha mengerjakan amal-amal yang tinggi darjatnya di sisi Tuhan), merekalah golongan pihak kanan (yang akan beroleh Syurga).

18  这等人是幸福的。

١٩  وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ

١٩  والذين كفروا بالقرآن هم الذين يؤخذ بهم يوم القيامة ذات الشمال إلى النار.

19  But they who disbelieved in Our signs - those are the companions of the left.

19  Dan (sebaliknya) orang-orang yang kufur ingkar akan ayat-ayat keterangan Kami, merekalah golongan pihak kiri. -

19  不信我的迹象者,是薄命的,

٢٠  عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ

٢٠  جزاؤهم جهنم مطبَقةٌ مغلقة عليهم.

20  Over them will be fire closed in.

20  Mereka ditimpakan (azab seksa) neraka yang ditutup rapat (supaya kuat bakarannya).

20  他们将被关在火狱里。

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3. LEARN ARABIC : OTHER LANGUAGES


 

فعل

مجهول

مضارع

فعل

مجهول

ماض

فعل

معلوم

مضارع

فعل

معلوم

ماض

 

يُفْعَلُ

فُعِلَ

يَفْعَلُ

فَعَلَ

 I

يُفَعَّلُ

فُعِّلَ

يَفَعِّلُ

فَعَّلَ

II

يُفَاعَلُ

فُوْعِلَ

يُفَاعِلُ

فَاعَلَ

III

يُفْعَلُ

أُفْعِلَ

يُفْعِلُ

أَفْعَلَ

IV

يُتَفَعَّلُ

تُفُعِّلَ

يَتَفَعَّلُ

تَفَعَّلَ

V

يُتَفَاعَلُ

تُفُوعِلَ

يَتَفَاعَلُ

تَفَاعَلَ

VI

يُنْفَعَلُ

أُنْفُعِلَ

يَنْفَعِلُ

إِنْفَعَلَ

VII

يُفْتَعَلُ

أُفْتُعِلَ

يُفْتَعِلُ

إِفْتَعَلَ

VIII

يُفَعَّلُ

أُفْعِلَّ

يَفْعَلُّ

إِفْعَلَّ

IX

يُسْتَفْعَلُ

أُسْتُفْعِلَ

يَسْتَفْعِلُ

إِسْتَفْعَلَ

X

 

مصدر

فعل

النهي

فعل

الأمر

 

فَعْلٌ

لاَتَفْعَلْ

إِِفْعَلْ

 I

تَفْعِيْلٌ

لاَتُفَعِّلْ

فَعِّلْ

II

مُفَاعَلَةٌ

لاَتُفَاعِلْ

فَاعِلْ

III

إِفْعَالٌ

لاَتُفْعِلْ

أَفْعِلْ

IV

تَفَعُّلٌ

لاَتَتَفَعَّلْ

تَفَعَّلْ

V

تَفَاعُلٌ

لاَتَتَفَاعَلْ

تَفَاعَلْ

VI

إِنْفِعَالٌ

لاَتَنْفَعِلْ

إِنْفَعِلْ

VII

إِفْتِعَالٌ

لاَتَفْتَعِلْ

إِفْتَعِلْ

VIII

إِفْعِلاَلٌ

 

 

IX

إِسْتِفْعَالٌ

لاَتَسْتَفْعِلْ

إِسْتَفْعِلْ

X

 

إسم

الألة

إسم

المكن

الزمان

إسم

المفعول

إسم

الفاعل

 

مِفْعَلٌ

مَفْعَلٌ

مَفْعُولٌ

فَاعِلٌ

I

 

مُفَعَّلٌ

مُفَعَّلٌ

مُفَعِّلٌ

II

 

مُفَاعَلٌ

مُفَاعَلٌ

مُفَاعِلٌ

III

 

مُفَعَلٌ

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعِلٌ

IV

 

مُتَفَعَّلٌ

مُتَفَعَّلٌ

مُتَفَعِّلٌ

V

 

مُتَفَاعَلٌ

مُتَفَاعَلٌ

مُتَفَاعِلٌ

VI

 

مُنْفَعَلٌ

مُنْفَعَلٌ

مُنْفَعِلٌ

VII

 

مُفْتَعَلٌ

مُفْتَعَلٌ

مُفْتَعِلٌ

VIII

 

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعِلٌ

IX

 

مُسْتَفْعَلٌ

مُسْتَفْعَلٌ

مُسْتَفْعِلٌ

X

 

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4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM

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5.DAKWAH BIL HIKMAH

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6. PEOPLE REVERTING TO ISLAM

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7. QURANIC MIRACLES & OTHERS

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8. PRAYER : SONGS

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سورة البلد ٩٠ الجزء ٣٠

٥٩٤

ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛ
he will says
berkata|would that
alangkah baiknya sekirannya|I had sent forth
aku telah mengerjakan|for my life
untuk kehidupanku|24|so on that day
maka pada hari ini|will no
tidak ada yang|punish
mengazab|His punishment
azabNya|one
seorangpun|25
ﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥ
and not
dan tidak ada yang|will bind
mengikat|as He will bind
ikatannya|one
seorang pun|26|O
wahai|one in
jiwa|rest and satisfaction
yang tenang|27|come back
kembalilah kamu
ﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱ
to
kepada|your Lord
tuhanmu|well pleasing
dengan redho|well pleased
diredhoi|28|so enter
lalu masuklah|in
kedalam|my servants
hambaku|29|and enter you
dan masuklah|my garden
syurgaKu|30
ﭑﭒﭓﭔ
ﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾ
باسم
With the name
Dengan nama
奉名字
fèng míng zi | الله
(of) Allah
Allah (punya)
安拉 (的)
ān lā (de) | ذي الأكثر سخاء بجميع الخلق
the Most Generous for all creations
Yang Maha Pemurah untuk semua kejadian
最慷慨对所有创作
zuì kāng kǎi duì suǒ yǒu chuàng zuò | ذي الرحمة بالمؤمنين
the Most Merciful for the believers
Yang Maha Mengasihani untuk yang percaya
最仁慈对信徒
zuì rén cí duì xìn tú | (1)
ﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊ
ﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔﮕﮖ
no
tidak|I swear
aku bersumpah|this
dengan ini|city
negeri|1|and you
dan kamu|are free
berada|this
dalam ini|city
negeri|2|and by the begetter
dan demi bapa|and that which
dan dari|he begot
anak
ﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠ
3|indeed
sungguh|We have created
kami telah menciptakan|man
manusia|in
dalam|toil
kepayahan|4|does he
apakah mengira|that
bahawa|not
tidak ada|be able to overcome
menguasai|upon him
atasnya
ﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫ
one
satu pun|5|he says
dia berkata|I have wasted
aku telah menghabiskan|wealth
harta|in abundance
banyak|6|does he think
apakah dia menyangka|that
bahawa|not
tidak|sees him
melihatnya|one
satu pun
ﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗﯘﯙ
7|have not
bukankah|We made
kami telah menjadikan|for him
baginya|two eyes
dua buah mata|8|and a tongue
dan lidah|and two lips
dan dua buah bibir|9|and shown him
dan kami tunjukkan dia
ﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥ
in two ways
dua jalan|10|so not
maka mengapa tidak|he has attempted to pass
dia menempuh|the steep
jalan mendaki & susah|11|and what
dan apakah|will make you know
kamu mengetahui|what
apa|the steep is
jalan mendaki dan susah|12
ﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮ
freeing
memerdekakan|a slave
budak|13|or
atau|giving food
memberi makan|in
pada|a day
hari|of
yang|hunger
kelaparan|14|to an orphan
anak yatim|have
yang mempunyai|near of kin
kerabat
ﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸ
15|or
atau|to the poor
orang miskin|of
yang|cleaving to dust
sangat melarat|16|then
kemudian|he became
dia telah menjadi|of
termasuk dari|those who
orang2 yang|believed
mereka beriman|and recommended one to another
dan mereka saling berpesan

594

الجزء ٣٠ سورة الفجر ٨٩

٥٩٣

ﭑﭒﭓﭔ
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛ
by the dawn
demi fajar|1|by the nights
demi malam | ten
yang sepuluh |2| by the even
demi yang genap | and the odd
dan yang ganjil|3| by the night
demi malam | when
apabila | if departs
jika berlalu
ﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨﭩ
4| is there
apakah yang | in
demikian | that
itu | sufficient proof
ada sumpah (yang dapat diterima) | for who
bagi orang | is understanding
yang berakal |5| did not
tidakkah |you see
memerhatikan | how
bagaimana | worked, dealt
berbuat | your lord
tuhan kamu | woth 'Ad (people)
terhadap (kaum) 'Ad
ﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵ
6|of Iram
kaum Iram|which has
yang mempunyai|pillars
bangunan2 tinggi|7|which
yang|never
belum|were created
diciptakan|its similitude
sepertinya|in
pada|the land
negeri|8
ﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿ
and the Tsamud
dan kaum Tsamud|those who
yang|hewed out
mereka memotong|rocks
batu2 besar|in the valley
dilembah|9|and Firaun
dan Firaun|who had
yang mempunyai|pegs
bangunan yang besar dan kuat|10
ﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉ
those who
yang|transgress beyond bounds
mereka sewenang-wenang|in
didalam|the land
negeri|11|so they made much
lalu mereka banyak berbuat|therein
didalamnya|mischief
kerosakan|12|therefore let down
maka menimpakan
ﮊﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓ
upon them
kepada mereka|your Lord
tuhan pencipta mereka|a portion
cemeti|torment
siksa|13|verily
sungguh|your Lord
tuhan kamu|indeed watchful
benar-benar mengawasi|14|so when
maka adapun
ﮔﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝ
man
manusia|when
apabila|does
apa|tries him
mengujinya|his Lord
tuhan penciptanya|so giving him honor
lalu Dia memuliakannya|and bounties
dan memberinya nikmat|then he says
maka dia berkata|my Lord
tuhanku|has honored me
Dia telah memuliakanku
ﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩ
15|but
dan adapun|when
apabila|does
apa|He tries
mengujinya|by straitening
lalu Dia menyempitkan|on him
atasnya|his provision
rezekinya|then he says
maka dia berkata|my Lord
tuhanku|has humiliated me
Dia telah menghinaku|16
ﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕ
nay
sekali-kali tidak||even
bahkan|not
tidak|you honor
kalian memuliakan|the orphans
anak yatim|17|and not
dan tidak|urge one to another
kalian saling menganjurkan|on
untuk|feeding
memberi makan
ﯖﯗﯘﯙﯚﯛﯜ
the poor
orang miskin|18|and you consume
dan kalian memakan|the inheritance
warisan|devouring
memakan|altogether
mencampuradukkan|19
ﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦ
and you love
dan kalian mencintai|wealth
harta|love
kecintaan|much
berlebihan|20|nay
sekali-kali tidak|when
apabila|is ground
digoncangkan|the earth
bumi|to powder
goncangan
ﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰ
to powder
goncangan|21|and He comes
dan datang|your Lord
tuhanmu|and the angels
dan malaikat|in rows
berbaris|rows
baris|22|and will be brought near
dan didatangkan|that day
pada hari itu
ﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸﯹ
with hell
neraka jahanam||that day
pada hari itu|will remember
menjadi sedar|man
manusia|and how will avail
tapi bagaimana|for him
baginya|that remembrance
kesedaran|23

593

593

89 - Al-Fajr

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س.... مَنْ عِنْدَه رقم شَفْعِي  (زوجي) إِلَى الْيَسَارِ  ..وَ رَقَم وَتْرِي (فردي) إِلَى الْيَمِينِ
ا..... حَاضِر يا استاذ

Q.... Who has even number ... to the left ... and odd number to the right
A.... Yes teacher

S .... Siapa yang ada nombor genap ke kiri dan nombor ganjil ke kanan
J .... Ya cikgu

问 ....谁有...偶数...去左边...和奇数....去右边... 
Wèn ..Shéi yǒu... Ǒushù... qù zuǒ biān... Hé jī shù.... qù yòubiān
答 ....好的老师
Dá ...Hǎo de lǎoshī

 

His - Mosque News & Stay   

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Wellington Islamic Community & Mosque ,  9 Queens Dr, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6022, New Zealand

Masjid Al-Ameen, 64 Kenmore Street, Newland, Wellington

 

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MEMORIZATION TABLE       

 V : 493-494    User Guide
         H : 573-574

 

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1. TAJWEED : TARANNUM

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2.TRANSLATIONS : COMMENTARIES

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A....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar   تفسير المیسر

B....ENGLISH

Saheeh International

C.....MALAY

Basmeih

D.....CHINESE

Ma Jian

E......ARABIC : ENGLISH : MALAY : CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar  تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian
_____________________________________________
Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah al-Fajr Ayat 1 – 14 (10 Dzulhijjah)

_____________________________________________

A.....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar :  تفسير المیسر

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

١  وَالْفَجْرِ

١  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

٢  وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

٢  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

٣  وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

٣  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

٤  وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

٤  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

٥  هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ

٥  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

٦  أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

٦  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

٧  إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

٧  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

٨  الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

٨  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

٩  وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

٩  وكيف فعل بثمود قوم صالح الذين قطعوا الصخر بالوادي واتخذوا منه بيوتًا؟

١٠  وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ

١٠  وكيف فعل بفرعون مَلِك "مصر"، صاحب الجنود الذين ثبَّتوا مُلْكه، وقوَّوا له أمره؟

١١  الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ

١١  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

١٢  فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ

١٢  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

١٣  فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

١٣  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

١٤  إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

١٤  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

١٥  فَأَمَّا الْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ

١٥  فأما الإنسان إذا ما اختبره ربه بالنعمة، وبسط له رزقه، وجعله في أطيب عيش، فيظن أن ذلك لكرامته عند ربه، فيقول: ربي أكرمن.

١٦  وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ

١٦  وأما إذا ما اختبره، فضيَّق عليه رزقه، فيظن أن ذلك لهوانه على الله، فيقول: ربي أهانن.

١٧  كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ

١٧  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

١٨  وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ

١٨  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

١٩  وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا

١٩  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

٢٠  وَتُحِبُّونَ الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا

٢٠  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

٢١  كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا

٢١  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

٢٢  وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا

٢٢  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

٢٣  وَجِيءَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ

٢٣  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

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B....ENGLISH

Saheeh International

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

١  وَالْفَجْرِ

1  By the dawn

٢  وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

2  And [by] ten nights

٣  وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

3  And [by] the even [number] and the odd

٤  وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

4  And [by] the night when it passes,

٥  هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ

5  Is there [not] in [all] that an oath [sufficient] for one of perception?

٦  أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

6  Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with 'Aad -

٧  إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

7  [With] Iram - who had lofty pillars,

٨  الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

8  The likes of whom had never been created in the land?

٩  وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

9  And [with] Thamud, who carved out the rocks in the valley?

١٠  وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ

10  And [with] Pharaoh, owner of the stakes? -

١١  الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ

11  [All of] whom oppressed within the lands

١٢  فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ

12  And increased therein the corruption.

١٣  فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

13  So your Lord poured upon them a scourge of punishment.

١٤  إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

14  Indeed, your Lord is in observation.

١٥  فَأَمَّا الْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ

15  And as for man, when his Lord tries him and [thus] is generous to him and favors him, he says, "My Lord has honored me."

١٦  وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ

16  But when He tries him and restricts his provision, he says, "My Lord has humiliated me."

١٧  كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ

17  No! But you do not honor the orphan

١٨  وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ

18  And you do not encourage one another to feed the poor.

١٩  وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا

19  And you consume inheritance, devouring [it] altogether,

٢٠  وَتُحِبُّونَ الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا

20  And you love wealth with immense love.

٢١  كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا

21  No! When the earth has been leveled - pounded and crushed -

٢٢  وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا

22  And your Lord has come and the angels, rank upon rank,

٢٣  وَجِيءَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ

23  And brought [within view], that Day, is Hell - that Day, man will remember, but what good to him will be the remembrance?

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C.....MALAY

Basmeih

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 Dengan nama Allah, Yang Maha Pemurah, lagi Maha Mengasihani.

١  وَالْفَجْرِ

1  Demi waktu fajar;

٢  وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

2  Dan malam yang sepuluh (yang mempunyai kelebihan di sisi Allah);

٣  وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

3  Dan bilangan yang genap serta yang ganjil;

٤  وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

4  Dan malam, apabila ia berlalu; -

٥  هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ

5  Bukankah yang demikian itu mengandungi sumpah (yang diakui kebenarannya) oleh orang yang berakal sempurna?

٦  أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

6  (Kami tetap akan membinasakan orang-orang yang menentangmu wahai Muhammad), tidakkah engkau perhatikan, bagaimana Tuhanmu telah melakukan terhadap kaum Aad (yang kufur derhaka)

٧  إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

7  Iaitu penduduk "Iram" yang mempunyai bangunan-bangunan yang tinggi tiangnya, (sesuai dengan penduduknya)

٨  الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

8  Yang belum pernah diciptakan sepertinya (tentang besar dan kukuhnya) di segala negeri (pada zamannya)?

٩  وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

9  Dan (terhadap) kaum Thamud yang memahat batu-batu besar di lembah (Wadil-Qura iaitu tempat tinggalnya)?

١٠  وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ

10  Dan (terhadap) Firaun yang menguasai bangunan-bangunan yang handal kukuh?

١١  الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ

11  (Semuanya itu ialah) orang-orang yang telah bermaharajalela di negeri (masing-masing).

١٢  فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ

12  Lalu mereka melakukan dengan banyaknya kerosakan dan bencana di negeri-negeri itu.

١٣  فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

13  Dengan yang demikian, Tuhanmu mencurahkan ke atas mereka berbagai paluan azab;

١٤  إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

14  Sesungguhnya Tuhanmu tetap mengawas dan membalas, (terutama balasan akhirat)

١٥  فَأَمَّا الْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ

15  (Dalam pada itu manusia tidak menghiraukan balasan akhirat), oleh yang demikian, maka kebanyakan manusia apabila diuji oleh Tuhannya dengan dimuliakan dan dimewahkan hidupnya, (ia tidak mahu bersyukur tetapi terus bersikap takbur) serta berkata dengan sombongnya: "Tuhanku telah memuliakan daku!"

١٦  وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ

16  Dan sebaliknya apabila ia diuji oleh Tuhannya, dengan disempitkan rezekinya, (ia tidak bersabar bahkan ia resah gelisah) serta merepek dengan katanya: "Tuhanku telah menghinakan daku!"

١٧  كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ

17  Jangan demikian, (sebenarnya kata-kata kamu itu salah). Bahkan (perbuatan kamu wahai orang-orang yang hidup mewah, lebih salah lagi kerana) kamu tidak memuliakan anak yatim, (malah kamu menahan apa yang Ia berhak menerimanya);

١٨  وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ

18  Dan kamu tidak menggalakkan untuk memberi makanan (yang berhak diterima oleh) orang miskin;

١٩  وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا

19  Dan kamu sentiasa makan harta pusaka secara rakus (dengan tidak membezakan halal haramnya),

٢٠  وَتُحِبُّونَ الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا

20  Serta kamu pula sayangkan harta secara tamak haloba!

٢١  كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا

21  Jangan sekali-kali bersikap demikian! (Sebenarnya) apabila bumi (dihancurkan segala yang ada di atasnya dan) diratakan serata-ratanya,

٢٢  وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا

22  Dan (perintah) Tuhanmu pun datang, sedang malaikat berbaris-baris (siap sedia menjalankan perintah),

٢٣  وَجِيءَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ

23  Serta diperlihatkan neraka Jahannam pada hari itu, (maka) pada saat itu manusia akan ingat (hendak berlaku baik), dan bagaimana ingatan itu akan berguna lagi kepadanya?

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D.....CHINESE

Ma Jian

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 奉至仁至慈的真主之名

١  وَالْفَجْرِ

1  誓以黎明,

٢  وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

2  与十夜,

٣  وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

3  与偶数和奇数,

٤  وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

4  与离去的黑夜,

٥  هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ

5  对於有理智者,此中有一种盟誓吗?

٦  أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

6  难道你不知道你的主怎样惩治阿德人---

٧  إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

7  有高柱的伊赖姆人吗?

٨  الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

8  像那样的人,在别的城市里还没有被创造过的---

٩  وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

9  怎样惩治在山谷里凿石为家的赛莫德人,

١٠  وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ

10  怎样惩治有武力的法老。

١١  الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ

11  这等人曾在国中放肆,

١٢  فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ

12  乃多行不义,

١٣  فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

13  故你的主把一种刑罚,倾注在他们身上。

١٤  إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

14  你的主,确是监视的。

١٥  فَأَمَّا الْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ

15  至於人,当他的主考验他,故优待他,而且使他过安逸生活的时候,他说:我的主优待我了。

١٦  وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ

16  当他考验他,故节约他的给养的时候,他说:我的主凌辱我了。

١٧  كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ

17  绝不然!但你们不优待孤儿,

١٨  وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ

18  你们不以济贫相勉励,

١٩  وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا

19  你们侵吞遗产,

٢٠  وَتُحِبُّونَ الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا

20  你们酷爱钱财。

٢١  كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا

21  绝不然!当大地震动复震动,

٢٢  وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا

22  你的主的命令,和排班的天神,同齐来临的时候,

٢٣  وَجِيءَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ

23  在那日,火狱将被拿来;在那日,人将觉悟,但觉悟於他有何裨益呢?

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E......ARABIC : ENGLISH : MALAY : CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar  تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian

 بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

 Dengan nama Allah, Yang Maha Pemurah, lagi Maha Mengasihani.

 奉至仁至慈的真主之名

١  وَالْفَجْرِ

١  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

1  By the dawn

1  Demi waktu fajar;

1  誓以黎明,

٢  وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

٢  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

2  And [by] ten nights

2  Dan malam yang sepuluh (yang mempunyai kelebihan di sisi Allah);

2  与十夜,

٣  وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

٣  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

3  And [by] the even [number] and the odd

3  Dan bilangan yang genap serta yang ganjil;

3  与偶数和奇数,

٤  وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

٤  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

4  And [by] the night when it passes,

4  Dan malam, apabila ia berlalu; -

4  与离去的黑夜,

٥  هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِذِي حِجْرٍ

٥  أقسم الله سبحانه بوقت الفجر، والليالي العشر الأوَل من ذي الحجة وما شرفت به، وبكل شفع وفرد، وبالليل إذا يَسْري بظلامه، أليس في الأقسام المذكورة مَقْنَع لذي عقل؟

5  Is there [not] in [all] that an oath [sufficient] for one of perception?

5  Bukankah yang demikian itu mengandungi sumpah (yang diakui kebenarannya) oleh orang yang berakal sempurna?

5  对於有理智者,此中有一种盟誓吗?

٦  أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

٦  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

6  Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with 'Aad

6  (Kami tetap akan membinasakan orang-orang yang menentangmu wahai Muhammad), tidakkah engkau perhatikan, bagaimana Tuhanmu telah melakukan terhadap kaum Aad (yang kufur derhaka)-

6  难道你不知道你的主怎样惩治阿德人---

٧  إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

٧  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

7  [With] Iram - who had lofty pillars,

7  Iaitu penduduk "Iram" yang mempunyai bangunan-bangunan yang tinggi tiangnya, (sesuai dengan penduduknya)

7  有高柱的伊赖姆人吗?

٨  الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

٨  ألم تر -أيها الرسول- كيف فعل ربُّك بقوم عاد، قبيلة إرم، ذات القوة والأبنية المرفوعة على الأعمدة، التي لم يُخلق مثلها في البلاد في عِظَم الأجساد وقوة البأس؟

8  The likes of whom had never been created in the land?

8  Yang belum pernah diciptakan sepertinya (tentang besar dan kukuhnya) di segala negeri (pada zamannya)?

8  像那样的人,在别的城市里还没有被创造过的---

٩  وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

٩  وكيف فعل بثمود قوم صالح الذين قطعوا الصخر بالوادي واتخذوا منه بيوتًا؟

9  And [with] Thamud, who carved out the rocks in the valley?

9  Dan (terhadap) kaum Thamud yang memahat batu-batu besar di lembah (Wadil-Qura iaitu tempat tinggalnya)?

9  怎样惩治在山谷里凿石为家的赛莫德人,

١٠  وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ

١٠  وكيف فعل بفرعون مَلِك "مصر"، صاحب الجنود الذين ثبَّتوا مُلْكه، وقوَّوا له أمره؟

10  And [with] Pharaoh, owner of the stakes? -

10  Dan (terhadap) Firaun yang menguasai bangunan-bangunan yang handal kukuh?

10  怎样惩治有武力的法老。

١١  الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ

١١  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

11  [All of] whom oppressed within the lands

11  (Semuanya itu ialah) orang-orang yang telah bermaharajalela di negeri (masing-masing).

11  这等人曾在国中放肆,

١٢  فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ

١٢  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

12  And increased therein the corruption.

12  Lalu mereka melakukan dengan banyaknya kerosakan dan bencana di negeri-negeri itu.

12  乃多行不义,

١٣  فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ

١٣  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

13  So your Lord poured upon them a scourge of punishment.

13  Dengan yang demikian, Tuhanmu mencurahkan ke atas mereka berbagai paluan azab;

13  故你的主把一种刑罚,倾注在他们身上。

١٤  إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

١٤  هؤلاء الذين استبدُّوا، وظلموا في بلاد الله، فأكثروا فيها بظلمهم الفساد، فصب عليهم ربُّك عذابا شديدا. إنَّ ربك -أيها الرسول- لبالمرصاد لمن يعصيه، يمهله قليلا ثم يأخذه أخْذَ عزيز مقتدر.

14  Indeed, your Lord is in observation.

14  Sesungguhnya Tuhanmu tetap mengawas dan membalas, (terutama balasan akhirat)

14  你的主,确是监视的。

١٥  فَأَمَّا الْإِنْسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ

١٥  فأما الإنسان إذا ما اختبره ربه بالنعمة، وبسط له رزقه، وجعله في أطيب عيش، فيظن أن ذلك لكرامته عند ربه، فيقول: ربي أكرمن.

15  And as for man, when his Lord tries him and [thus] is generous to him and favors him, he says, "My Lord has honored me."

15  (Dalam pada itu manusia tidak menghiraukan balasan akhirat), oleh yang demikian, maka kebanyakan manusia apabila diuji oleh Tuhannya dengan dimuliakan dan dimewahkan hidupnya, (ia tidak mahu bersyukur tetapi terus bersikap takbur) serta berkata dengan sombongnya: "Tuhanku telah memuliakan daku!"

15  至於人,当他的主考验他,故优待他,而且使他过安逸生活的时候,他说:我的主优待我了。

١٦  وَأَمَّا إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ

١٦  وأما إذا ما اختبره، فضيَّق عليه رزقه، فيظن أن ذلك لهوانه على الله، فيقول: ربي أهانن.

16  But when He tries him and restricts his provision, he says, "My Lord has humiliated me."

16  Dan sebaliknya apabila ia diuji oleh Tuhannya, dengan disempitkan rezekinya, (ia tidak bersabar bahkan ia resah gelisah) serta merepek dengan katanya: "Tuhanku telah menghinakan daku!"

16  当他考验他,故节约他的给养的时候,他说:我的主凌辱我了。

١٧  كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ

١٧  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

17  No! But you do not honor the orphan

17  Jangan demikian, (sebenarnya kata-kata kamu itu salah). Bahkan (perbuatan kamu wahai orang-orang yang hidup mewah, lebih salah lagi kerana) kamu tidak memuliakan anak yatim, (malah kamu menahan apa yang Ia berhak menerimanya);

17  绝不然!但你们不优待孤儿,

١٨  وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ

١٨  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

18  And you do not encourage one another to feed the poor.

18  Dan kamu tidak menggalakkan untuk memberi makanan (yang berhak diterima oleh) orang miskin;

18  你们不以济贫相勉励,

١٩  وَتَأْكُلُونَ التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا

١٩  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

19  And you consume inheritance, devouring [it] altogether,

19  Dan kamu sentiasa makan harta pusaka secara rakus (dengan tidak membezakan halal haramnya),

19  你们侵吞遗产,

٢٠  وَتُحِبُّونَ الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا

٢٠  ليس الأمر كما يظن هذا الإنسان، بل الإكرام بطاعة الله، والإهانة بمعصيته، وأنتم لا تكرمون اليتيم، ولا تحسنون معاملته، ولا يَحُثُّ بعضكم بعضًا على إطعام المسكين، وتأكلون حقوق الآخرين في الميراث أكلا شديدًا، وتحبون المال حبًا مفرطًا.

20  And you love wealth with immense love.

20  Serta kamu pula sayangkan harta secara tamak haloba!

20  你们酷爱钱财。

٢١  كَلَّا إِذَا دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا

٢١  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

21  No! When the earth has been leveled - pounded and crushed -

21  Jangan sekali-kali bersikap demikian! (Sebenarnya) apabila bumi (dihancurkan segala yang ada di atasnya dan) diratakan serata-ratanya,

21  绝不然!当大地震动复震动,

٢٢  وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا

٢٢  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

22  And your Lord has come and the angels, rank upon rank,

22  Dan (perintah) Tuhanmu pun datang, sedang malaikat berbaris-baris (siap sedia menjalankan perintah),

22  你的主的命令,和排班的天神,同齐来临的时候,

٢٣  وَجِيءَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ

٢٣  ما هكذا ينبغي أن يكون حالكم. فإذا زلزلت الأرض وكَسَّر بعضُها بعضًا، وجاء ربُّك لفصل القضاء بين خلقه، والملائكة صفوفًا صفوفًا، وجيء في ذلك اليوم العظيم بجهنم، يومئذ يتعظ الكافر ويتوب، وكيف ينفعه الاتعاظ والتوبة، وقد فرَّط فيهما في الدنيا، وفات أوانهما؟

23  And brought [within view], that Day, is Hell - that Day, man will remember, but what good to him will be the remembrance?

23  Serta diperlihatkan neraka Jahannam pada hari itu, (maka) pada saat itu manusia akan ingat (hendak berlaku baik), dan bagaimana ingatan itu akan berguna lagi kepadanya?

23  在那日,火狱将被拿来;在那日,人将觉悟,但觉悟於他有何裨益呢?

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3. LEARN ARABIC : OTHER LANGUAGES

 

فعل

مجهول

مضارع

فعل

مجهول

ماض

فعل

معلوم

مضارع

فعل

معلوم

ماض

 

يُفْعَلُ

فُعِلَ

يَفْعَلُ

فَعَلَ

 I

يُفَعَّلُ

فُعِّلَ

يَفَعِّلُ

فَعَّلَ

II

يُفَاعَلُ

فُوْعِلَ

يُفَاعِلُ

فَاعَلَ

III

يُفْعَلُ

أُفْعِلَ

يُفْعِلُ

أَفْعَلَ

IV

يُتَفَعَّلُ

تُفُعِّلَ

يَتَفَعَّلُ

تَفَعَّلَ

V

يُتَفَاعَلُ

تُفُوعِلَ

يَتَفَاعَلُ

تَفَاعَلَ

VI

يُنْفَعَلُ

أُنْفُعِلَ

يَنْفَعِلُ

إِنْفَعَلَ

VII

يُفْتَعَلُ

أُفْتُعِلَ

يُفْتَعِلُ

إِفْتَعَلَ

VIII

يُفَعَّلُ

أُفْعِلَّ

يَفْعَلُّ

إِفْعَلَّ

IX

يُسْتَفْعَلُ

أُسْتُفْعِلَ

يَسْتَفْعِلُ

إِسْتَفْعَلَ

X

 

مصدر

فعل

النهي

فعل

الأمر

 

فَعْلٌ

لاَتَفْعَلْ

إِِفْعَلْ

 I

تَفْعِيْلٌ

لاَتُفَعِّلْ

فَعِّلْ

II

مُفَاعَلَةٌ

لاَتُفَاعِلْ

فَاعِلْ

III

إِفْعَالٌ

لاَتُفْعِلْ

أَفْعِلْ

IV

تَفَعُّلٌ

لاَتَتَفَعَّلْ

تَفَعَّلْ

V

تَفَاعُلٌ

لاَتَتَفَاعَلْ

تَفَاعَلْ

VI

إِنْفِعَالٌ

لاَتَنْفَعِلْ

إِنْفَعِلْ

VII

إِفْتِعَالٌ

لاَتَفْتَعِلْ

إِفْتَعِلْ

VIII

إِفْعِلاَلٌ

 

 

IX

إِسْتِفْعَالٌ

لاَتَسْتَفْعِلْ

إِسْتَفْعِلْ

X

 

إسم

الألة

إسم

المكن

الزمان

إسم

المفعول

إسم

الفاعل

 

مِفْعَلٌ

مَفْعَلٌ

مَفْعُولٌ

فَاعِلٌ

I

 

مُفَعَّلٌ

مُفَعَّلٌ

مُفَعِّلٌ

II

 

مُفَاعَلٌ

مُفَاعَلٌ

مُفَاعِلٌ

III

 

مُفَعَلٌ

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعِلٌ

IV

 

مُتَفَعَّلٌ

مُتَفَعَّلٌ

مُتَفَعِّلٌ

V

 

مُتَفَاعَلٌ

مُتَفَاعَلٌ

مُتَفَاعِلٌ

VI

 

مُنْفَعَلٌ

مُنْفَعَلٌ

مُنْفَعِلٌ

VII

 

مُفْتَعَلٌ

مُفْتَعَلٌ

مُفْتَعِلٌ

VIII

 

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعَلٌ

مُفْعِلٌ

IX

 

مُسْتَفْعَلٌ

مُسْتَفْعَلٌ

مُسْتَفْعِلٌ

X

 

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4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM

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5. DAKWAH BIL HIKMAH

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6. REVERTER STORY

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7. QURANIC MIRACLES 

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8. PRAYER AND SONGS

 

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MEMORIZATION TABLE   

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Quiz
Hadith : Coversation
Hadith : Perbualan

             

Translation                          

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More Hadith                      

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Conversation                    

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World Islamic History : 594 H
13/11/1197 - 1/11/1198 CE

                     

Other Events                                    

Ibn Rushd: The scholar who forged the knowledge of east in west

ANADOLU AGENCY

ISTANBUL

 

A portrait of Ibn Rushd, also known as Averroes, who was the most distinguished scholar of the Golden age of Islam.

A portrait of Ibn Rushd, also known as Averroes, who was the most distinguished scholar of the Golden age of Islam.

Born in Cordoba during the golden age of Andalusia, Ibn Rushd represented the all-over scholar of his time, producing works on a variety of subjects from psychology to astronomy, philosophy and mathematics. More than eight centuries after his death, the ideas of this great thinker of Islam still influences and inspires scholars in both the east and west

The great scientist and philosopher Ibn Rushd, often Latinized as Averroes, who was profoundly influential in history, ethics, astronomy, literature, philosophy, physics, logic, mathematics, politics, psychology, the natural sciences, medicine, zoology and Islamic law, is being commemorated on the 820th anniversary of his death.

Born on April 14, 1126, in the Andalusian city of Cordoba, Ibn Rushd, whose full name is Abu l-Walid Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Rushd, completed his education in Cordoba, one of the largest centers of learning in Andalusia.

The father of Ibn Rushd, who was known by his Latinized name Averroes in Europe, was the qadi (Islamic judge) in Cordoba. Ibn Rushd, who started his education by taking lessons from distinguished teachers, learned basic religious disciplines from his father. In addition to religion, he also learned ethics, astronomy, literature, philosophy, physics, logic, mathematics, politics, psychology, natural sciences, medicine and zoology.

After meeting the Andalusian ruler of the time on the advice of Ibn Tufail, he translated the works of Aristotle. The anti-philosophical attitudes of the Islamic legal scholars of the time caused him trouble, especially in the final years of his life. Ibn Rushd was the last representative of a philosophy known as peripateticism in Greek (generally accepted as the school where Aristotelian ideas prevail) and one of the great philosophers of the Islamic world. He responded to Al-Ghazali's "Tehafütü'l- Felasife" ("The Incoherence of the Philosophers") with his work titled "Tehafütü't- Tehafüt" ("The Incoherence of the Incoherence").

Challenging the negative attitude of Al-Ghazali on philosophy and philosophers in the Islamic world with this work, Ibn Rushd then formed the tradition of "imbalance-inconsistency" in the Islamic world.

Famous Islamic philosopher in West


The Great Mosque of Granada was the first mosque built by the Muslims during their reign in the Iberian Peninsula.

Ibn Rushd tried to reconcile the philosophies of Aristotle and Plato (427-347 B.C.). He perceived religion and philosophy as two separate fields fed from the same source. For him, philosophy was a product of the human mind, while religion was the product of revelation. However, he advocated that both had the same source.

More popular than any other Muslim scholar in the Western world, Ibn Rushd was known as an "Aristotle commentator" although recognized as a doctor in the West. Being very competent in anatomy, a branch of medicine, he described the human being as evidence and a tool that leads to the existence of God, and he expressed this at every opportunity.

He managed to influence many Western scholars with his thoughts because his works were taught in Europe for centuries via nearly 16 studies in the field of medicine. The most famous among these, "Al Kulliyat Fi al-Tibb" ("General Principles of Medicine"), was translated into Latin and was taught as a textbook in European universities for centuries.

Scholar making his mark on medicine

In "Al Kulliyat Fi al-Tibb," the medical encyclopedia examined all diseases one by one and suggested that no human can have smallpox a second time in his or her life and explained his reasons in detail.

Besides this, his explanations on the retinal layer and its functioning in the eye were accepted as groundbreaking in the medical world, and he was known as the first scholar in medical history who explained the function of the retinal layer in scientific terms.

One of the most important issues he focused on was knowledge about blood circulation. Ibn Rushd showed the schema of blood circulation, outlined in his "Al Kulliyat Fi al- Tibb," and which helped inspire the pioneering medical doctor William Harvey.

Another remarkable feature of Ibn Rushd in the field of medicine was his emphasis and scientific clarifications on microbial life before microbiologist and chemist Louis Pasteur.

The time of Ibn Rushd

Examining the works of Al-Farabi, Ibn-i Sina, Al-Ghazali and Western philosophers, Islamic philosopher Ibn Rushd scrutinized the opinions of Aristotle and wrote various explanations. He caused discontent among Muslim scholars on the grounds that his ideas contradicted the principles of Islam. Then, he was imprisoned for a time by the parliament, which consisted of scholars in Cordoba, due to complaints by the public after it was decided that his thoughts were not in keeping with the principles of Islamic faith and that most of his opinions were deviant, while some had were even a direct contradiction of religion. Spending his final years in grief and distress, Ibn Rushd had his wealth taken and he was exiled. The scholar, who led a life of science and left behind many works, passed away on Dec. 10, 1198, at the age of 72 in Marrakesh, Morocco. He was buried there first and transferred to his family cemetery in Cordoba later.

Major works by Ibn Rushd

The books of Ibn Rushd were translated into Latin from the 12th century onward and were published with the works of Aristotle, who produced many works on subjects such as physics, astronomy, philosophy, zoology, logic, politics and biology. "Al Kulliyat Fi al- Tibb" ("General Principles of Medicine"), "Fasl al-Maqal" ("The Decisive Treatise"), "Tehafütü't- Tehafüt" ("The Incoherence of the Incoherence"), "Bidayat al-Mujtahid wa Nihayat al-Muqtaṣid" ("Primer of the Discretionary Scholar, in 3 volumes"), the "Long Commentary on Aristotle's Metaphysics," the "Commentary on the De Anima of Aristotle" and the "Commentary on Plato's Republic" are among his most essential and widely read works.

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Islamic Lineage                               

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Islamic Timeline                             

1 - 100 (623 - 719)
101 - 200 (720 - 816)
201- 300 (817 - 913)
301 - 400 (914 - 1010)
401 - 500 (1011 - 1107)
501 - 600 (1108 - 1204)
601 - 700 (1205 - 1301)
701 - 800 (1302 - 1398)
801 - 900 (1399 - 1495)
901 - 1000 (1496 - 1592)
1001 - 1100 (1593 - 1689)
1101 - 1200 (1690 - 1786)
1201 - 1300 (1787 - 1883)
1301 - 1400 (1884 - 1980)
1401 - 1500 (1981 - 2078)

570 : 52 BH
  Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca
610 : 12 BH
  Revelation of the first versus of the Quran
  Ali ibn Abu Talib and Abu Bakar as Siddiq accept Islam
615 : 7 BH
  Conversion of Omar Ibn Al Khattab
620 : 2 BH
  A group of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia to escape the persecution in Mecca
622 : 1 AH
  Prophet Muhammad migrates to Madina
  Start of the Islamic calendar
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624  : 2 AH 
  Battle of Badr
625 : 3 AH
  Battle of Uhud  
626 : 5 AH
  Battle of Khandaq / Battle of the Trench 
627 : 6 AH
  Prophet Muhammad concludes the Treaty of Hudaibiya with the Meccans
628 : 7 AH
  The Muslims reclaim Mecca
  The Prophet sends messages to Khosroe of Persia, Heraclius of Byzantium, Muqawqis of Egypt and the king of Yemen, inviting them to accept Islam 
632 : 11 AH
  Farewell pilgrimage of Prophet Muhammad
  The last verse of the Quran is revealed
  Defensive expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantines ends in a stalemate and commander Zaid bin Harris is killed in action
  Prophet Muhammad passes away
  The Companions establish the Caliphate to affirm the historical continuity of Islam
  Abu Bakar as Siddiq is elected the first Caliph
  Death of Fatimah az Zahra beloved daughter of the Prophet,wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib
 

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633 : 12 AH
  Abu Bakar conducts campaigns against eastern Arabs to ensure their compliance with zakat
  Rise of the false prophets
  Battle of Yamama against Musailimah Al Kazzab
  Abu Bakar authorizes the preparation of a written copy of the Quran, the Mashaf e Siddiqi
634 : 13 AH
  Muslim armies defeat the Byzantines at the Battle of Ajnadyn
  Abu Bakar passes away
  Omar ibn Al Khattab is elected the Caliph
635 : 14 AH
  Campaigns against eastern Roman and Persian Empires
  The Muslims capture Damascus
636 : 15 AH
  The Persian army is defeated at the Battle of Qadasia
  The Byzantines are defeated at the Battle of Yarmuk
  Jerusalem conquered by Arab armies. Freedom of worship is guaranteed to Christians.
 

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637 : 16 AH
  The Muslims capture Madayen, capital of the Persian Empire
640 : 19 AH
  Omar bin al As begins campaigns in Egypt
641 : 20 AH
  Arab armies advance towards Khorasan, Afghanistan dan Sindh
642 : 21 AH
  The conquest of Egypt is completed
  Caliph Omar streamlines the administration of the vast empire
  Judical rulings of Omar ibn al Khattab and Ali ibn Abu Talib provide a basis for the sciences of Fiqh
  Persian armies defeated at the Battle of Nahawand
643 : 22 AH
  First construction of the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem
644 : 23 AH
  Caliph Omar ibn Al Khattab is assassinated
  Uthman bin Affan is elected the Caliph
649 : 28 AH
  Cyprus is captured from the Byzantines
650 : 29 AH
  Pronunciation of Quranic verses standardized
652 : 31 AH
  Death of Abu Dhar al Ghifari, venerated Companion and Sufi
656 : 36 AH
  Caliph Uthman bin Affan is assassinated
  Ali ibn Abu Talib is elected the Caliph
  Beginning of the Civil Wars
  Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats dissidents under Aisha binti Abu Bakar at the Battle of the Camel  
657 : 37 AH
  Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan, governor of Syria, refuses to recognize the Caliphate of Ali
  Battle of Siffin between forces of Ali and Muawiya
  Beginning of the Kharijite schism
 

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658 : 38 AH
  Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan
  Muawiya is declared the Caliph by his supporters in Damascus
659 : 39 AH
  Truce between Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib and Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
661 : 41 AH
  Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib is assassinated
  Age of Khulafa e Rashidoon ends
  Muawiya claims the Caliphate
  Beginning of the Umayyad dynasty
  Imam Hassan ibn Ali retires from politics
665 : 45 AH
  Muawiya orders the buildup of a navy
667 : 47 AH
  Muslim armies capture Khorasan
669 : 49 AH
  Death of Imam Hassan ibn Ali
670 : 50 AH
  Uqba bin Nafi begins the conquest of North Africa
  The city of Khairaoun in North Africa is founded
671 : 51 AH
  Muslim armies capture the island of Rhodes
  The first attempt to capture Constantinople fails
678 : 58 AH
  Death of Aisha binti Abu Bakar wife of Prophet Muhammad and the source of a large number of Hadith
 

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680 : 60 AH
  Death of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
  Yazid son of Muawiya becomes Omayyad ruler
  The tragedy of Karbala, Hussain ibn Ali,grandson of the Prophet is martyred
  Beginning of Yawm e Ashoora
683 : 63 AH
  Yazid sacks Madina
  Uqba bin Nafi conquers North Africa
  Death of Yazid: Muawiya II succeeds him
684 : 64 AH
  Marwan I becomes the Caliph
685 : 65 AH
  Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph
  Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
  Muslim armies advance into Central Asia
690 : 71 AH
  Omayyad armies reach the Atlantic Ocean
691 : 72 AH
  Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is completed
692 : 73 AH
  Abdul Malik mints the first coins of the Islamic state
693 : 74 AH
  Al Hajjaj also known as al Hajjaj the cruel becomes governor of Iraq
694 : 75 AH
  Construction of the Omayyad Mosque in Damascus
699 : 80 AH
  Death of Al Juhani rationalist, philosopher
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705 : 86 AH
  Al Walid I becomes the Caliph and begins a vigorous expansion of the empire
711 : 92 AH
  Tariq ibn Ziyad lands in Spain. Visigoth army under Rodriguez is defeated at the Battle of Buhayrah
  Muhammad bin Qasim lands at Debal subdues Baluchistan , Sindh , Multan and southern Punjab
712 : 93 AH
  Musa ibn Nusair advances into Leon, Astoria, and Galicia
  Beginning of 780 years of Muslim rule in Andalus
  Jewish golden age in Spain
  Death of Imam Zainul Abedin
713 : 94 AH
  Zaid bin Zainul Abedin organizes resistance to the Omayyads. Beginning of the Zaidi branch.
  Muslim armies capture Lyons in France
714 : 95 AH
  Muhammad bin Qasim recalled from Sindh by Hajjaj bin Yusuf and imprisoned until death
  Muslims capture Normandy in France
715 : 96 AH
  Sulaiman becomes Umayyad Caliph
  Musa ibn Nusair recalled from Spain by Caliph Sulaiman, stripped of all power and banished into the desert
717 : 98 AH
  Omar bin Abdul Aziz becomes the Caliph and attempts reconciliation in the Islamic community. He lowers taxes on peasants in Persia and Egypt.
  The Byzantines repulse a second Muslim attempt to capture Constantinople.
  Spread of Islam into Persia and Egypt picks up momentum
 

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719 : 100 AH
  Omar bin Abdul Aziz is poisoned
  Yazid II becomes the Caliph
720 : 101 AH
  Muslim armies cross the Pyrenees and occupy southern France
724 : 106 AH
  Hisham becomes the Caliph
728 : 110 AH
  Death of Hasan al Basri,well known Sufi Shaykh
731 : 113 AH
  Death of Imam al Baqir
732 : 114 AH
  Charles Martel stops the Muslim advance into Europe at the Battle of Tours
735 : 117 AH
  Muslim armies advance through southern France and occupy mountain passes in Switzerland
740 : 122 AH
  Death of Imam Zaid bin Zain ul Abedin
743 : 125 AH
  Al Walid II becomes the Caliph
744 : 126 AH
  Abu Muslim is appointed the chief dayee of Khorasan
  Yazid III, Ibrahim and Marwan II become the Caliphs in rapid succession
745 : 127 AH
  Imam Jaafar as Saadiq discusses Fiqh issues in his study circles. Imam Abu Haneefa participates in these studies and benefits from them.
746 : 128 AH
  Beginning of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan
747 : 129 AH
  Kufa falls to the Abbasids. Abu Muslim nominates Abul Abbas as the first Abbasid Caliph
750 : 132 AH
  The Abbasid Revolution
  The Abbasid forces defeat the Caliph Marwan at the Battle of Kushaf. The Umayyads are swept away from power and are slaughtered
  Andur Rahman I escapes to Spain
  Beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Abu Abbas al Saffah becomes the first Abbasid Caliph
 

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751 : 133 AH
  Battle of Tlas.The Muslim armies are victorious over the forces of the Tang Empire. China cedes Central Asia to the Caliphate
  Systematic development of Fiqh begins
754 : 136 AH
  Al Mansur becomes the Caliph,sends troops into China in response to a request for help from the Tang Emperor Tsung. 
755 : 138 AH
  The Umayyad Abdur Rahman I establishes the Umayyad Emirate in Cordoba Spain
759 : 142 AH
  The Franks recapture Narbonne from the Muslims
760 : 143 AH
  Death of Imam Ismail, son of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq
  Beginning of the Fatimid branch among Muslims
763 : 146 AH
  Baghdad becomes the seat of the Caliphate and the cradle of Islamic civilization
765 : 148 AH
  Death of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq one of the principal sources of Fiqh. Caliph al Mansur establishes schools of translation in Baghdad.
  Muslims come into contact with Greek philosophy and Indian mathematics
768 : 151 AH
  Death of Imam Abu Haneefa after whom the Hanafi school of Fiqh is named.
  Charlemagne ( 768-814) ascends the Frankish throne.
 

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775 : 158 AH
  Al Mahdi becomes the Caliph
778 : 161 AH
  Charlemagne of France raids Muslim Spain
780 : 163 AH
  Charlemagne invades German territories and converts the Germans to Christianity
781 : 164 AH
  Ibn Jabir invents the science of chemistry
785 : 168 AH
  Al Hadi becomes the Caliph
786 : 169 AH 
  Harun al Rashid becomes the Caliph. Golden age of Baghdad
788 : 172 AH
  Beginning of the Idrisid dynasty in North Africa
790 : 174 AH
  The manufacture of paper is introduced into Baghdad from China
795 : 179 AH
  Death of Imam Malik bin Anas, after whom the Maliki school of Fiqh is named
799 : 183 AH 
  Zubaida, wife of Harun al Rashid performs the Hajj and builds rest houses for hajjis on the road
  Death of Imam Muza al Kazim
 

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800 : 184 AH
  Harun al Rashid and Charlemagne exchange ambassadors
801 : 185 AH
  The city of Fez is established
  Charlemagne begins an invasion of Muslim Spain
802 : 186 AH
  Death of Rabia al Adawiya one of the most celebrated spiritual luminaries and a teacher of Sufi masters
809 : 193 AH
  Death of Harun al Rashid. Al Amin becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
813 : 197 AH
  Al Mamun succeeds his brother Al Amin as the Caliph
814 : 198 AH
  Death of Charlemagne. The Carolingian Empire in Europe begins to disintegrate
815 : 199 AH
  Al Khwarizmi invents the science of Algebra and develops the mathematics of equations
  Viking raids from the North ravage Europe
  The Abbasid Empire begins a slow process of disintegration. The Idrisids in North Africa and the Tahirids in Persia become autonomous
 

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818 : 202 AH
  Death of Imam Ali al Rida
820 : 205 AH
  Death of Imam al Shafie after whom the Shafie school of Fiqh is named.
  Rise of the Aghlabids in North Africa
822 : 207 AH
  Music flourishes at the court of Cordoba under the musician al Zirhab
  The Aghlabid armies from North Africa invade Sicily
827 : 212 AH
  Caliph al Mamun adopts Mutazilite doctrines as court dogma
  The Idrisids capture Crete, Sardinia and Sicily
830 : 215 AH
  Caliph al Mamun patronizes the Bait ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad and encourages translation of Greek and Sanskrit books into arabic. The Muslims develop concept of decimals in mathematics
831 : 216 AH
  Muslims capture Palermo Italy
833 : 218 AH
  Death of Al Mamun. Al Mutasim becomes the Caliph and enlists Turks into the army
835 : 220 AH
  Death of Imam al Jawwad
838 : 223 AH
  Umayyad armies from Spain occupy Marseilles France
840 : 225 AH
  Death of Al Khwarizmi mathematician , Sufi Shaykh
842 : 227 AH
  Al Wathiq becomes the Caliph
846 : 231 AH
  The Aghlabids in North Africa occupy Pisa and conduct a raid on Rome
 

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847 : 232 AH
  Al Mutawakkil becomes the Caliph abandons Mutazilite doctrines
850 : 235 AH
  Turkish influence in the Caliphate grows
855 : 241 AH
  Death of Imam ibn Hanbal after whom the Hanbali school of FIqh is named
861 : 247 AH
  University of Kairaouine ( established 859 CE ) in Fes Morocco. Caliph al Mutawakkil is murdered in Baghdad. Al Muntasir becomes the Caliph
866 : 252 AH
  Al Mutaz becomes the Caliph
868 : 254 AH
  Egypt becomes autonomous under the Tulunids
  Palermo in Sicily becomes a center of Islamic learning
  Death of Imam al Hadi
870 : 256 AH
  The Zanj workers from East Africa revolt in Iraq
  Death of Al Farabi and Al Kindi noted men of science
  Death of Al Tabari renowned physician
  The Muslims capture Malta
  Al Mutamid becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
874 : 260 AH
  Death of Abul Hussain Muslim, compiler of Hadith
  Death of Imam al Askari
  Death of Al Kindi mathematician astronomer
  Death of Al Bistami one of the most celebrated Sufi Shaikhs
 

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875 : 261 AH
  Hamdan Karamat starts the Karamatian movement
  The Sassanids establish themselves in Bokhara
878 : 264 AH
  Disappearance of Imam al Muntazar the Twelth Imam
  Beginning of belief in the hidden Imam
880 : 266 AH
  The Aghlabids lose southern Italy to Christian forces
882 : 268 AH
  A rebellion of the Zanj in Iraq is crushed
885 : 272 AH
  Death of Dawud ibn Khalaf expounder of the Zahiri school of Fiqh
887 : 274 AH
  Peasant revolt in China against foreigners forces out the Muslims of Canton
889 : 276 AH
  Death of Ibn Kutaiba historian
890 : 277 AH
  Spanish Muslims re-establish bases in southern France and conduct raids into Switzerland
892 : 279 AH
  Death of Muhammed al Tharmidi historian
  Al Mutadid becomes the Caliph
893 : 280 AH
  The Karamatians capture Yemen
898 : 285 AH
  Imam al Hadi Yahya establishes a Zaidi state in Yemen
 

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900 : 287 AH
  The Arabian Nights are compiled
  Improvements appear in the design and use of the Astrolabe
  The Kharijites establish a dynasty in Sijilmasa North Africa
901 : 288 AH
  The Samanids emerge in Khorasan Persia
902 : 289 AH
  Al Muktafi becomes the Caliph
903 : 290 AH
  The Karamatians plunder Damascus
904 : 291 AH
  Muslim armies capture Solonika from the Byzantines
907 : 294 AH
  Abu Abdullah Fatimid leader moves to North Africa 
908 : 295 AH
  Al Muqtadir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
909 : 296 AH
  The Fatimids establish themselves in North Africa
  Ubaidulla al Mahdi becomes the first Fatimid Caliph
910 : 297 AH
  Al Razi conducts research into infectious diseases including small pox,rabies and the plague
912 : 299 AH
  Reign of Abdul Rahman III in Spain (912 - 961). Cordoba becomes the premier city of Europe. Golden age of Spain. Science and civilization thrive.
 

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914 : 301 AH
  Nasr al Saeed of the Samanids in Khorasan favors the Fatimids over the Abbasids
915 : 302 AH
  The Kharijites establish themselves in southern Morocco
  The Fatimids raid Egypt
922 : 310 AH
  Mansur al Hallaj Persian mystic is executed for his esoteric views
  Beginning of the Tahirid dynasty in Iraq
923 : 311 AH
  Death of Abu Tabari, noted commentator on the Quran
925 : 313 AH
  Death of Al Razi doctor of medicine
929 : 317 AH
  In response to Fatimid claims to the Caliphate, Abdul Rahman III of Spain assumes the title of Caliph and protector of Sunni Muslims in North Africa
930 : 318 AH
  The Karamatians raid Mecca and carry off the Hijr e Aswad from the Haram to Bahrain
931 : 319 AH
  Abdur Rahman III occupies Ceuta
  The Fatimids capture Algeria
932 : 320 AH
  The Buyids establish their rule in southern Iraq
  Al Qahir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
933 : 321 AH
  The Ishkedids displace the Tulunids in Egypt and rule until 969
934 : 322 AH
  Al Radi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
  Al Qaim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
936 : 324 AH
  Death of Al Ashari (874-936), highly influential theologian who reconciled Mutazilite doctrines with orthodox theology. Author of ''occasionalism' in philosophy 
939 : 327 AH
  Abdul RAhman III of Spain captures Fraxinetum, Valais,Geneva, Toulon and Great St. Bernard
940 : 328 AH
  Extensive postal services are established by the Abbasids
  Al Muttaqi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
 

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945 : 333 AH
  The Buyids temporarily capture Baghdad
946 : 334 AH
  Al Mutee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
  Al Mansur becomes the Fatimid Caliph
950 : 338 AH
  Death of Al Farabi , noted scientist, philosopher, jurist,author of treatises on ethics, music and logic, Sufi Shaykh
951 : 340 AH
  The Ikhwan as Safa in Iraq compile an Ecyclopedia of Knowledge
953 : 342 AH
  Al Muiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in North Africa
955 : 344 AH
  Sharp naval engagements between the navies of Al Muiz and Abdul Rahman III off the coast of Spain
957 : 346 AH
  Al Masudi, the historian, passes away
961 : 350 AH
  Death of Abdul Rahman III
  The Oghuz family of Turks in Central Asia accepts Islam
962 : 351 AH
  The Seljuk, Alaptagin, establishes a kingdom in Ghazna Afghanistan
968 : 357 AH
  The Umayyads establish a university in Cordoba
969 : 358 AH
  The Fatimids conquer Egypt and establish the city of Cairo
970 : 359 AH
  The Fatimids capture Syria, Mecca and Madina and lay claim to the leadership of the Islamic world. Fatimid rule in Multan ( modern Pakistan ). Brisk trade between Alexandria, Egypt and Venice, Italy
971 : 360 AH 
  The Fatimids establish Al-Azhar University in Cairo
974 : 363 AH
  Al Ta'ee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
975 : 364 AH
  Death of Al Muiz, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt. Al Aziz becomes the Fatimid Caliph
  Muslim astronomers publish manuscripts showing constellations of stars
988 : 378 AH
  Count Vladimir of Kiev embraces Eastern Orthodox Christianity
991 : 381 AH
  Al Qadir becomes the Abbasid Caliph
996 : 386 AH
  Al Hakim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
  Pope Pious XI declares the Crusades against Muslim
997 : 387 AH
  Mahmud succeeds Alaptagin in Ghazna and dominates Central Asia
 

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999 : 389 AH
 

Large scale Turkish migrations into Central Asia.

 

Kara Khani Turks occupy Bukhara.

 

Mahmud of Ghazna annexes Khorasan.

 

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1000 : 390 AH
 

Mahmud makes the first of seventeen raids into India.

 

The Chinese use gunpowder to propel arrows.

1001 : 391 AH
 

Mahmud starts campaigns to capture Peshawar, Bhera, Nagarkot, Tarain, Thaneshwar and Kanauj in India.

1004 : 394 AH
 

Mahmud defeats Dawud, Fatimid ruler of Multan.

1016 : 407 AH
 

The Christians reclaim Sardinia.

1017 : 408 AH
 

Beginning of the Druze sect in Lebanon.

1020 : 411 AH
 

Death of Firdowsi of Persia, author of Shah Nama.

 

Mahmud establishes Lahore as the capital of Punjab.

 

Death of Fatimid Caliph al Hakim who had claimed divinity.

1021 : 412 AH
 

Al Zahir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1024 : 415 AH
 

Mahmud raids temple of Somanath in Gujrat, India.

1025 : 416 AH
 

Al Baruni publishes Kitab ul Hind, a penetrating study of the people of India.

1030 : 421 AH
 

Death of Mahmud of Ghazna.
Umayyad caliphate in Cordoba defeated by the Christian Reconquista.

 

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1031 : 422 AH
 

The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba disintegrates. Spain breaks up into petty emirates. The Christian kingdoms of Castille, Leon and Portugal position themselves to attack the Muslim territories.

 

Al Qaim becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

1032 : 423 AH
 

The Church of Constantinople breaks with the Church of Rome over the issue of icons in the Church.

1036 : 427 AH
 

Taghril Beg becomes Seljuk Sultan.

 

Al Mustansir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1037 : 428 AH
 

Death of Abu Ali ibn Sina, one of the greatest of physicians.

 

Ferdinand I, king of Castille, captures Leon.

1038 : 429 AH
 

Death of Al Hazen, noted physicist.

1043 : 434 AH
 

The Fatimid Empire begins to crumble. Mecca, Madina, Yemen and North Africa are lost by the Fatimids.

1048 : 440 AH
 

Death of al Bairuni, historian, author of Kitab ul Hind.

1050 : 442 AH
 

The Christians advance in Sicily.

1051 : 443 AH
 

Beginning of the Murabitun revolution in West Africa.

1056 : 448 AH
 

The Seljuk Taghril Beg and the Buyid Basisiri contest the control of Baghdad.

1058 : 450 AH
 

Taghril Beg is anointed by Abbasid Caliph Kaim as “sultan of the east and the west” for his role in protecting the Abbasid Caliphate.

1060 : 452 AH
 

The Seljuk Turks advance into Persia, Azerbaijan and Armenia.

 

The Crusaders raid the coast of North Africa.

 

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1061 : 453 AH
 

The Murabitun capture Morocco.

 

The Murabitun establish the city of Marrakesh as their capital.

1063 : 455 AH
 

Taghril Beg dies childless. His nephew Alap Arsalan becomes the Seljuk sultan.

1068 : 460 AH
 

Beginning of the Songhay Empire in West Africa.

1072 : 464 AH
 

Battle of Manzikert. The Seljuk Turks under Alap Arsalan defeat the Byzantines under Emperor Romanus and open up Anatolia for Turkish settlement.

 

The Christians capture Palermo in Sicily.

1075 : 467 AH
 

The Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah retakes Syria from the Fatimids.

 

Al Muqtadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph.

1077 : 469 AH
 

Birth of Abdul Qader Jeelani, celebrated Sufi sage.

1085 : 478 AH
 

Alfonso I of Castile captures Toledo, the ancient capital of Visigoth Spain. The extensive libraries of Toledo become accessible to Christian Europe.

1086 : 479 AH
 

The Murabitun emir, Yusuf bin Tashfin, advances into Spain at the head of a powerful African force.

 

The Nizamiya College is founded in Baghdad by Nizam ul Mulk, grand vizier to Sultan Malik Shah.

 

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1087 : 480 AH
 

Yusuf bin Tashfin defeats Alfonso VI at the Battle of Sagrajas.

 

The Crusaders sack Mahdiya in North Africa.

 

The assassin terror grows in Iraq and Syria.

1090 : 483 AH
 

Al Ghazzali teaches at NizamiyaCollege, Baghdad.

 

The Crusaders capture Malta.

 

The assassins capture Alamut in northern Syria and establish a training center for fidayees.

1091 : 484 AH
 

End of Muslim presence in Sicily.

 

Smyrna in Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.

 

Death of Sultan Malik Shah.

 

The assassins murder grand vizier Nizam ul Mulk.

1094 : 487 AH
 

Al Mustansir becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

 

Al Mustadi becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.

1095 : 488 AH
 

Pope Urban II declares a Crusade to take Jerusalem.

 

Al Afdal, grand vizier of Fatimid Egypt, recaptures Jerusalem from Turkish emir Duqaq of Damascus.

1096 : 489 AH
 

The start of the First Crusade.

1097 : 490 AH
 

Konya Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.

  The Turks retreat before the advancing Crusaders.
  The Fatimids in Egypt start negotiations with the Crusaders to divide up Seljuk territories.
1098 : 491 AH
 

The Crusaders capture Antioch.

1099 : 492 AH
 

Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders. The Muslims and the Jews are massacred. Baldwin becomes king of Jerusalem.

 

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1100 : 493 AH
 

Al Ghazzali writes a powerful diatribe, Tahaffuz al Falsafa, against speculative philosophy. In Ihya al Uloom, he accords tasawwuf an honored position in the Islamic sciences.

1106 : 499 AH
 

Death of Yusuf bin Tashfin, emir of the Murabitun.

1111 : 504 AH
 

Abu Hamid al Ghazzali dies after transforming the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world.

1113 : 507 AH
 

Maudud, a Seljuk officer from Mosul, defeats King Baldwin of Jerusalem.

1118 : 512 AH
 

Al Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

1123 : 517 AH
 

Death of Omar al Khayyam, mathematician, mystic.

1124 : 518 AH
 

Death of Hassan al Sabbah, leader of the Assassins.

1126 : 520 AH
 

Archbishop Raymond establishes a school in Toledo to translate Arabic books into Latin.

1127 : 521 AH
 

The Assassins murder Turkish officer Maudud.

1130 : 524 AH
 

Death of ibn Tumart, leader of the Al Muhaddithin.

1132 : 526 AH
 

Roger II of Sicily invites Muslim scholars to work at his court.

 

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1139 :533 AH
 

Birth of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti, Sufi sage.

1141 : 535 AH
 

The Kara Kitai Turkomans defeat the Seljuks at Amu Darya.

1144 : 538 AH
  The Seljuks, under Zengi, recapture Edessa.
  Pope Eugene declares the Second Crusade.
1145 : 539 AH
  The Second Crusade collapses in Anatolia but succeeds in capturing Lisbon in Portugal.
  End of the Murabitun rule in Andalus.
1146 : 541 AH
  The al Muhaddithin captures Morocco.
  The assassins murder Seljuk Emir Zengi.
1149 : 544 AH
 

Al Zafir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1150 : 545 AH
 

The University of Paris is established.

1151 : 546 AH
 

Al Idrisi constructs a map of the then known world.

1154 : 549 AH
  The Kurdish officer Nuruddin, in Seljuk service, takes Damascus.
  Al Faiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1157 : 552 AH
 

The al Muhaddithin captures Andalus.

1160 : 555 AH
  Al Mustanjid becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
  Al Adid, the last of the Fatimids, becomes the Caliph in Cairo.
1163 : 558 AH
 

The Seljuks and the Crusaders compete for influence in Fatimid Egypt.

1166 : 561 AH
  Death of Shaykh Abdul Qader Jeelani of Baghdad, called Shaykh ul Mashaiq, founder of the Qadariya Sufi order.
  Death of the geographer, al Idrisi.
1167 : 562 AH
  Establishment of Oxford University in England.
 

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1170 : 565 AH
  Salahuddin takes Egypt from the Fatimids.
  Al Mustadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1171 : 566 AH
  End of the Fatimid era. Egypt reverts to the Abbasid Caliphate.
1173 : 568 AH
  Ghiasuddin Ghori established the kingdom of Ghor in Afghanistan.
1175 : 570 AH
  Salahuddin consolidates his hold on Syria and Egypt.
  Death of Ahmed al Rifai, founder of the Rifaiyah Sufi brotherhood.
1177 : 572 AH
  Muhammed Ghori adds Multan, Uch, Dera Ismail Khan and Sindh to his dominions.
1179 : 575 AH
  Muhammed Ghori starts campaigns to capture Peshawar and Sialkot.
1182 : 578 AH
  Khwaja Muhammed Ghouse of Sindh introduces the Qadariya order into India and Pakistan.
1187 : 583 AH
  Battle of Hittin. Salahuddin triumphs and recaptures Jerusalem.
  Muhammed Ghori captures Lahore.
1188 : 584 AH
  Pope Clement III launches the Third Crusade.
1189 : 585 AH
  Khwaja Moeenuddin Chisti moves to Ajmer, India and establishes the Chistiya order.
1190 : 586 AH
  King Richard of England proposes a marriage between his sister and Saifuddin, brother of Salahuddin and for the two together to rule Jerusalem. The proposal is opposed by the Crusaders and is abandoned.
1191 : 587 AH
  Accra surrenders to the Crusaders after a long siege.
  Mohammed Ghori suffers a defeat at the Battle of Tarain and is forced to withdraw towards Kabul.
1192 : 588 AH
  Muhammed Ghori, victorious over the Rajputs, captures Delhi. Prithvi Raj Chauhan, ruler of Ajmer and Delhi is slain.
1193 : 589 AH
 

Salahuddin passes away and is buried in Damascus.

1196 : 592 AH
  The al Muhaddith emir al Mansur defeats the Crusaders at the Battle of Alarcos.
1198 : 594 AH
  Death of ibn Rushd, of the great world philosophers.
1199 : 595 AH
  Pope Innocent III declares the Fourth Crusade.
 

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1200 : 596 AH 
  Islam takes roots in Indonesia.
  Alauddin Muhammed becomes the Shah of Khwarazm.
  The Crusaders capture Valencia.
  Cambridge University is established in England.
1201 : 597 AH
  The Latin Crusaders sack Zara, a Christian city on the Adriatic.
1202 : 598 AH
  The Delhi Sultanate is established.
1203 : 599 AH
  Death of Nizami, well known Farsi poet.
1204 : 600 AH
  The Crusaders, led by Dondolo of Venice, sack Constantinople and loot its treasures.
  Johan Shah, ruler of Sumatra, accepts Islam.
1205 : 601 AH
  The Turkoman Kara Kitai defeats Mohammed Ghori.
  The Ghorids put down a rebellion in the Punjab.
1206 : 602 AH
  Genghiz Khan becomes the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
  The assassins murder Muhammed Ghori.
  The Delhi sultans advance towards Bengal.
1211 : 608 AH
  Altumish ascends the throne of Delhi.
1212 : 609 AH
  The Crusaders defeat the al Muhaddith at the Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa.
1215 : 612 AH
  Genghiz Khan captures northern China; learns the use of gunpowder from the Chinese.
1218 : 615 AH
  The Fifth Crusade is directed against Egypt. The Egyptians open the Nile docks and drown the invaders.
1219 : 616 AH
  Genghiz Khan invades the territories of Shah Muhammed of Khorasan.
1220 : 617 AH
  Genghiz Khan devastates Central Asia.
1221 : 618 AH
  Genghiz Khan destroys Persia and Afghanistan.
  Prince Jalaluddin faces the Khan at the Battle of the Indus.
1222 : 619 AH
  Genghiz Khan returns to Mongolia.
1223 : 620 AH
  Ibn al Athir, celebrated historian, passes away.
 

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1227 : 624 AH
  Death of Genghiz Khan. The Mongols continue their advance through West Asia and Eastern Europe.
1228 : 625 AH
  The Sixth Crusade, directed at Egypt and led by Emperor Frederick II of Germany fails.
1230 : 627 AH
  Sundiata starts consolidation of the Empire of Mali.
1235 : 632 AH
  Baba Fareed of Lahore becomes heads of the Chistiya order in India.
1236 : 633 AH
  Cordoba, capital of Muslim Spain, falls to the Crusaders.
  Razia rules as Queen of India.
  Death of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti of Ajmer, the most celebrated awliya of the subcontinent.
  Al Mustansir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad.
1240 : 637 AH
  Death of ibn al Arabi, renowned Sufi Shaykh.
  Roger Bacon teaches in England.
1242 : 639 AH
  Al Musta’sim becomes the 37th and the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1245 : 643 AH
  At the Council of Lyons, Christian Europe resolves to seek an alliance with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Franciscan priest, John de Plano Carpini, arrives at the Mongol court to seek military assistance.
1248 : 646 AH
  Seville in Spain falls to the Christians.
  Ibn Ahmar starts the Nasirid dynasty in Granada.
1249 : 647 AH
  The Seventh Crusade, directed at Egypt by the Franks, is beaten back.
1250 : 648 AH
  Shajarat al Durr rules as Queen of Egypt.
1251 : 649 AH
  Hulagu Khan becomes the Mongol lord of Persia and Central Asia.
1256 : 654 AH
  Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins.
1257 : 655 AH
  Death of Shaykh Saadi, celebrated Farsi poet.
  Nizamuddin Awliya becomes head of the Chishtiya order in Delhi. Islam spreads in India.
1258 : 656 AH
  Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad. End of the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. The curtain falls on the classic Islamic civilization. Caliph al Musta’sim is killed.
  Death of Ali al Shadhuli, founder of the Shadhuli Sufi order.
1260 : 658 AH
  Kublai Khan ascends the throne of China. Many capable Muslims work at the court of the Great Khan.
  Hulagu Khan storms Aleppo and massacres its inhabitants.
1261 : 659 AH
  The Mamlukes of Egypt install Al Mustansir as the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo.
  The Mamluke, Zahir Baybars of Egypt, defeats a combined army of Mongols, Armenians and Crusaders at the Battle of Ayn Jalut.
 

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1265 : 663 AH
  Death of Hulagu Khan.
1269 : 667 AH
  The Merinide al Yakub captures Marrakesh.
1273 : 671 AH
  Death of Jalaluddin Rumi, author of Mathnavi, the most celebrated of Farsi poets and founder of the Maulavi Sufi order.
1274 : 672 AH
  Death of al Tusi, astronomer and inventor of the 2-axis gimbal.
  Emir al Yaqub of the Merinides defeats the Christians at the Battle of Ecija.
1277 : 676 AH
  Sultan Baybars defeats the Mongol armies at the Battle of Abulistan.
1278 : 677 AH
  Death of Sultan Baybars.
1289 : 688 AH
  The Mamlukes captures Acre, last Crusader stronghold in Syria.
1290 : 689 AH
  Sultan Malik Shah rules in Sumatra.
1291 : 690 AH
  Death of Shaykh Saadi, well known Farsi poet.
1294 : 693 AH
  Marco Polo returns to Italy from journey to the East.
1295 : 694 AH
  Ghazan the Great, the Il Khan Emperor, accepts Islam.
 

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1300 : 699 AH
  Alauddin Khilji consolidates his empire over the subcontinent. Malik Kafur advances into southern India.
1301 : 700 AH
  Uthman Ghazi, founder of the Ottoman Empire, consolidates his holdings around Burs and Eskishehir; he defeats the Byzantines at the Battle of Yalakova.
  The Mamlukes triumph over the Il Khans at the Battle of Marj as Suffar.
1307 : 706 AH
  Mansa Musa becomes emperor of Mali.
1316 : 716 AH
  Death of Alauddin Khilji, emperor of India.
1320 : 720 AH
  The Khilji dynasty in India collapses.
  Beginning of the Tughlaq dynasty.
1324 : 724 AH
  Mansa Musa performs his hajj with an entourage of 12000.
1325 : 725 AH
  Death of Nizamuddin Awliya of Delhi.
  Ibn Batuta begins his journey around the world.
  Death of Amir Khusroe ,famed Sufi poet of India
1326 : 726 AH
  Death of Uthman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire. His successor Sultan Orkhan captures Bursa.
  Death of ibn Taymiyah, noted scholar, considered to be the founder of the “salafi” school of thought.
1333 : 733 AH
  Yusuf I becomes emir of Granada, breaks with Castille, forms an alliance with the sultan of Morocco and makes a last attempt to capture Spain from the Christians.
1334 : 734 AH
  Ibn Batuta arrives in Delhi.
  Death of Shaykh Safiuddin Ishaq, after whom the Safavid dynasty of Persia is named.
1335 : 735 AH
  Death of Abu Said, Il Khanid Prince.
1340 : 740 AH
  The Yuan Emperor Toghon Timur of China sends an embassy to the court of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India.
  The Merinide navy defeats the Spaniards at the Battle of Tarifa.
 

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1341 : 742 AH
  Death of Sultan ibn Qalawun of Egypt.
1345 : 746 AH
  Ibn Batuta visits Sultan Malik al Zahir of Pasai Indonesia.
1346 : 747 AH
  The Black Plague devastates Europe.
1351 : 752 AH
  Death of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. The Tughlaq Empire begins to disintegrate.
1354 : 755 AH
  Ibn Batuta visits the Empire of Mali.
  The Ottomans capture Gallipoli and Ankara.
1355 : 756 AH
  Ibn Batuta returns to Tangier. The Merinide Sultan Abu Inan authorizes the writing of the Rehla of Ibn Batuta.
  The Genoese briefly occupy Tripoli, Libya.
1357 : 758 AH
  The Ottomans capture Erdirne.
1368 : 769 AH
  Timurlane, elected the leader of the Tatars, consolidates his hold on the valley of Farghana in Uzbekistan.
1369 : 770 AH
  Death of ibn Batuta.
1375 : 777 AH
  Dimitrius, Count of Moscow, wins a victory over the Tatar Golden Horde.
1376 : 778 AH
  The Golden Horde burns down Moscow.
1380 : 782 AH
  Timurlane begins his first campaign in Persia.
  Shaykh Awliya Karim al Maqdum introduces Islam into Mindanao, the Philippines.
  Kara Muhammed, leader of the Turkish tribe Kara Kuyunlu, establishes his kingdom near Mosul.
1381 : 783 AH
  The Ottomans capture Bulgaria.
1385 : 787 AH
  The Ottomans capture Thrace.
1387 : 789 AH
  Timurlane invades Russia and destroys the power of the Golden Horde. Russia begins its long march towards political consolidation.
1389 : 791 AH
  Bayazid I becomes the Ottoman sultan, defeats the Serbs at the Battle of Kosova.
  Death of Hafiz, one of the greatest of Farsi poets.
  Death of Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi tareeqa of Bukhara.
1390 : 792 AH
  A combined French and Genoese force attacks Mahdiya, Tunisia.
1391 : 793 AH
  Bayazid I attacks Constantinople.
 

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1396 : 798 AH
  Bayazid defeats the Crusader armies at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1398 : 800 AH
  Timur sacks Isfahan, Persia.
1399 : 801 AH
  Timur invades India, sacks Delhi, India.
  Castille sacks Tetuan, Morocco.
 

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1400 : 802 AH
  Bayazid I lays siege to Constantinople.
1401 : 803 AH
  Timur defeats the Mamlukes of Egypt.
  Damascus surrenders to the Tatars.
  Timur sacks Baghdad.
1402 : 804 AH
  Timur defeats Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara.
  Sulaiman I becomes the Ottoman sultan.
  Sultan Iskander Shah expels the Thais from Malaya.
1404 : 806 AH
  Timur embarks on an expedition to China.
1405 : 807 AH
  Timurlane dies en route to China; his son Shah Rukh succeeds him. 
1406 : 809 AH
  Sultan Sikander Shah of Malaysia accepts Islam.
  The great Chinese Admiral Zheng Yi (commonly known as Admiral Ho), a Muslim, sails to Malaya, Indonesia, India, Persia, Yemen, East Africa and the Cape of Good Hope with a fleet of 50 great ships.
  Death of ibn Khaldun, author of Muqaddamah.
1409 : 812 AH
  Shah Rukh, heir to Timurlane, occupies Samarqand.
1410 : 813 AH
  Kara Yusuf establishes the Kara Kuyunlu kingdom around Tabriz, Persia.
  Death of Gaysu Daraz, Sufi shaykh of the Deccan, India.
1411 : 814 AH
  Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya visits China at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor.
  Prince Mehmet begins the reconsolidation of the Ottoman Empire after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Ankara.
1415 : 818 AH
  The Portuguese capture Ceuta in Morocco.
1420 : 823 AH
  Shah Rukh consolidates his hold on Persia.
1421 : 824 AH
  Murad II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1422 : 825 AH
  Murad II lays unsuccessful siege to Constantinople.
1424 : 827 AH
  Death of Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya.
1425 : 828 AH
  Tangier in Morocco, captured by the Portuguese.
1430 : 833 AH
  The Portuguese acquire the technology to sail against the wind from the Venetians.
1432 : 835 AH
  Portuguese captain Diaz sails around Cape Bajador in West Africa.
1434 : 837 AH 
  Death of Shah Rukh. Persia disintegrates. The Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu expand their territories.
 

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1441 : 845 AH
  First slave raid by the Portuguese in southern Morocco directed against Muslims.
1443 : 847 AH
  The Portuguese capture the island of Tristao off the coast of West Africa, later to gain notoriety in the Atlantic slave trade.
1444 : 848 AH
  Ottomans armies march into Hungary.
  Murad II defeats combined armies of Hungary, Wallachia and Venice at the Battle of Varna.
  The Portuguese Lagos Company chartered under Prince Henry.
1445 : 849 AH
  Printing is introduced into Europe. Portuguese sailor Diaz sails around West Africa.
1451 : 855 AH
  Mehmet II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Shaykh Rahmat converts the Majapahit ruler (Indonesia) Raja Kertawijaya to Islam.
  Islam spreads rapidly in Java.
1453 : 857 AH
  Mehmet II conquerors Constantinople, renames it Istanbul and makes it the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
1455 : 859 AH
  The Venetians sail to the delta of the Gambia River.
1456 : 860 AH
  Mehmet II captures Athens, Greece.
  The Portuguese arrive at the mouth of the Gambia River.
1458 : 862 AH
  The Portuguese occupy the fortress of al Qasr, Morocco.
1460 : 864 AH
  King Alfonso of Portugal authorizes Fernao Gomes to explore the western coast of Africa.
1461 : 865 AH
  Leonardo da Vinci begins his work in Venice.
1463 : 867 AH
  Mehmet II conquers Bosnia. Mosque of Sultan Mehmet II constructed in Istanbul.
1465 : 869 AH
  Death of al Jazuli, Sufi Shaykh in Morocco.
1467 : 871 AH
  Herzegovina conquered by Mehmet II.
  Uzun Hassan, leader of Aq Quyunlu defeats Jehan Shah, leader of the Kara Quyunlu. Jehan Shah dies in battle.
1471 : 876 AH
  Tangiers occupied by Portugal.
  Portugal occupies Arzila on the West coast of Morocco.
1473 : 878 AH
  Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II defeats the Aq Kuyunlu Sultan Uzun Hassan. Portuguese captain Sequira sails to Benin, Nigeria.
1474 : 879 AH
  Commercial town of Kedah, in Indonesia, becomes Muslim.
1475 : 880 AH
  War between Spain and Portugal over rights to the Canary Islands.
1478 : 883 AH
  Kara Quli, a descendant of Jehan Shah, flees to India and establishes the Qutubshahi dynasty near Hyderabad.
  Death of Uzun Hassan, Aq Quyunlu Sultan.
  Turmoil in western Persia.
1479 : 884 AH
  Consolidation of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella.
1480 : 885 AH
  The Ottomans capture the island of Rhodes.
1481 : 886 AH
  Bayazid II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
 

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1482 : 887 AH
  Ferdinand of Spain attacks al Hama.
1483 : 888 AH
  Civil wars in Granada.
  Ferdinand captures Malaga, Spain.
1484 : 889 AH
  The Portuguese appear at the delta of the Congo River.
1487 : 892 AH
  Portuguese sailor Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
1488 : 893 AH
  Malaga, one of the last Nasirid strongholds, falls to Castille.
1489 : 894 AH
  Adil Shah becomes Sultan of Bijapur, India
1490 : 895 AH
  Ferdinand lays siege to Granada, called Santa Fe (Holy Faith).
1492 : 897 AH
  Columbus discovers America.
  Granada falls to the Christians.
  Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition.
  The Jews are expelled from Spain.
  Sultan Bayazid II takes Hungary.
  Lodhi Sultanate established in Delhi.
  Death of Abdur Rahman Jami, well known Farsi poet.
1493 : 898 AH
  Abu Abdallah, commonly known as Boabdil, last emir of Granada, leaves Spain.
  Askiya Muhammed becomes Emperor of Songhay.
1494 : 899 AH
  At the Treaty of Tordesillas arranged by Pope Alexander VI, Portugal and Spain agree to divide up the world for conquest.
1495 : 900 AH
  Shaykh Putah introduces Islam into the Celebes islands and western New Guinea.
1496 : 901 AH
  Vasco da Gama, sails around the Cape of Good Hope and with the help of Muslim navigator Ahmed ibn Majid, discovers route to Malabar, India.
1497 : 902 AH
  Zahiruddin Babur loses Samarqand.
  Askiya Muhammed moves the capital of Songhay to Gao on the Niger River.
1499 : 904 AH
  Ottoman navy defeats the Venetians, takes Lepanto, off the coast of Greece.
1500 : 905 AH
  Muslims in Granada resist the Spanish Inquisition.
  Spain institutes forced slavery in Cuba.
1501 : 906 AH
  Shah Ismail I, with the help of the Safaviyya Sufi order, establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia.
  The Uzbek Shaibani Khan evicts Zahiruddin Babur from Samarqand.
1502 : 907 AH
  Second voyage of Vasco da Gama to the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese bombard the city-states of East Africa, destroy the port city of Cochin, India and force the Raja of Cochin to expel Muslim traders.
  The Portuguese capture Shofala, East Africa.
  Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa.
  Inquisition against the Muslims in Spain.
 

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1504 : 910 AH
  Babur takes Kabul, Afghanistan.
  Death of al Maghili, influential thinker from North Africa.
1505 : 911 AH
  Spain occupies Mars al Kabir, Algeria.
  The Portuguese occupy Agadir Morocco and build the fort of Santa Cruz.
  Portuguese captain Almeida raids Kilwa, Tanzania.
1507 : 913 AH
  The Portuguese occupy Safi, Morocco.
  The Portuguese occupy Bab el Mandap at the entrance to the Red Sea.
1508 : 914 AH
  A Mamluke fleet defeats the Portuguese off the coast of Chaul near modern Karachi.
  Spain occupies Oran, Algeria.
1509 : 915 AH
  The Mamlukes defeat the Portuguese navy off the coast of Yemen.
  Shah Ismail I defeats the Uzbek Shaibani Khan at the Battle of Merv.
  Spain occupies Bogie, Tunisia.
  The first batch of slaves bought in Lisbon for transportation to America.
1511 : 917 AH
  The Portuguese take Goa, India, and make it the capital of their operations in the Indian Ocean.
  The Inquisition is instituted against Hindus and Muslim in India.
  Spain destroys Tripoli, Libya.
  The Ottomans crush a Qazilbash uprising in eastern Anatolia at the Battle of Sivas.
1512 : 918 AH
  Selim I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  The Portuguese capture the Straits of Malacca.
  Tlemcen in North Africa becomes a protectorate of Spain.
  The Uzbeks defeat the Safavids at the Battle of Khuzduvan and take Khorasan.
1514 : 920 AH
  Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats Shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran.
1515 : 921 AH
  The Portuguese capture the Straits of Hormuz in Persia.
  The Portuguese control the entire Atlantic coastline of Morocco.
  First shipload of sugar from Cuba arrives in Spain.
1516 : 922 AH
  The Portuguese occupy Bahrain and Oman.
  The Ottomans capture Mosul.
  Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabik in Syria.
1517 : 923 AH
  Selim I occupies Cairo.
  Egypt becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire.
  The Caliphate moves to Istanbul.
  Selim I becomes the first Ottoman Caliph of Islam.
  Muhammed al Mahdi becomes Sa’adid Sultan of Morocco.
  Martin Luther begins Protestant reformation in Germany.
  The Portuguese capture Colombo, Sri Lanka.
  The King of Spain grants license to import African slaves into America.
  Ibrahim Lodhi becomes Sultan of Delhi.
1519 : 925 AH
  Death of Leonardo da Vinci.
  Mexican silver flows into Europe.
 

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1520 : 926 AH
  Sulaiman the Magnificent becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1521 : 927 AH
  Sulaiman captures Belgrade.
  Cortez destroys the Aztec Empire of Mexico.
1522 : 928 AH
  Sulaiman captures Rhodes. Spain captures Central America.
1525 : 931 AH
  Death of Safavid Shah Ismail I.
  Tahmasp I becomes Safavid ruler of Persia.
  Babur takes Lahore, Pakistan.
  Sulaiman the Magnificent orders a reorganization of the Ottoman fleet to challenge the Spaniards and the Portuguese.
1526 : 932 AH
  Babur captures Delhi; the Moghul dynasty is born. Sulaiman the Magnificent defeats the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs.
1527 : 933 AH
  Babur defeats Rajput armies at the Battle of Khanua.
1528 : 934 AH
  Sultan Sulaiman captures the city of Buda in Hungary.
  Askiya Muhammed becomes blind and is deposed as the Emperor of Songhay.
1529 : 935 AH
  Sultan Sulaiman lays siege to Vienna, Austria.
1530 : 936 AH
  Death of Zahiruddin Babur. His son Humayun ascends the Moghul throne in Delhi.
  The Englishman William Hawkins raids the Ivory Coast.
1534 : 940 AH
  Khairuddin, admiral of the Ottoman fleets, recaptures Tunis.
  Henry VIII takes the Church of England out of the orbit of Rome.
1535 : 941 AH
  Sulaiman Pasha, Ottoman governor of Egypt, drives the Portuguese from Yemen.
  The English Parliament passes laws against loitering in London.
  John Calvin preaches the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland.
  Stock Exchange is established in London.
1536 : 943 AH
  Khairuddin raids Valencia, Spain.
1537 : 944 AH
  Khairuddin captures Otranto, Italy and threatens Rome.
1538 : 945 AH
  Khairuddin victorious over combined navies of Venice and the Vatican at the Battle of Prevesa.
1540 : 947 AH
  Spain colonizes the Philippines.
  Destruction of religious relics in England. Beginning of the end of feudalism in England.
  Sher Shah Suri defeats Moghul Emperor Humayun and displaces him from the throne of Delhi until 1555.
1541 : 948 AH
  Charles V of Spain strikes at the Algerian coast.
  Ottoman Admiral Khairuddin takes Otranto, Italy.
  Muhammed al Saadi drives the Portuguese from the fort of Santa Cruz in Morocco.
 

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1542 : 949 AH
  Increasing tribal warfare in West Africa.
1546 : 953 AH
  Death of Khairuddin. Piri Rais becomes admiral of Ottoman navies.
1550 : 957 AH
  Kingdom of Acheh in Indonesia is founded. Islam spreads in the Archipelago.
1551 : 958 AH
  The Ottomans reclaim Tripoli.
  Piri Rais challenges the Portuguese blockage of the Straits of Hormuz.
1553 : 960 AH
  Thomas Wyndham of England raids the coast of West Africa.
1554 : 961 AH
  John Lock of England raids the Ivory Coast.
1557 : 964 AH
  The Ottomans occupy Masawa, Eritrea.
1558 : 965 AH
  Akbar becomes Moghul Emperor of India.
1560 : 967 AH
  Akbar adds Malwa, Chitoor, Rathambur, Gujrat and Bengal to the Moghul Empire (1560-1574).
  Abul Fazal and Faizi, well known writers, grace the Moghul court.
  Akbar surrounds himself with the “seven gems”; men of outstanding capabilities, including the musician Tan Sen and the Finance Minister Raja Todar Mal.
1561 : 968 AH
  Piri Rais prepares an accurate map of the Atlantic seaboard.
  The Ottomans destroy a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba.
1562 : 969 AH
  Akbar marries Jodha Bai, princess of Amber, Rajasthan.
1563 : 970 AH
  First English fortifications off the coasts of New Guinea.
1564 : 971 AH
  Spain occupies the Philippines.
1565 : 972 AH
  Battle of Telekote, India. The combined forces of Bijapur, Golkunda, Bidar and Gulbarga defeat the armies of Vijayanagar in southern India.
  Piri Rais undertakes unsuccessful siege of Malta.
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, captures Gujrat.
  John Hawkins of England conducts slave raids on Sierra Leone.
  Sulaiman the Magnificent passes away
 

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1566 : 973 AH
  Muslims in Spain rebel against forced conversion to Catholicism.
1571 : 979 AH
  Battle of Lepanto. Combined navies of Spain, Venice, Austria and the Vatican defeat the Ottoman navy and occupy Tunis. Ottoman naval advance into the western Mediterranean is halted.
1572 : 980 AH
  The Ottomans reclaim Tunis.
  The Dutch gain their independence from Spain.
1573 : 981 AH
  The Moghul Emperor Akbar authorizes the construction of four large temples in Mathura.
1576 : 984 AH
  The Ottomans advance through Algeria and take the city of Fez in Morocco.
1578 : 986 AH
  Battle of Al Qasr al Kabir. The Sa’adid Sultan Ahmed al Mansur crushes the Portuguese army. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed. Morocco remains independent. Ottoman westward advance is halted.
1579 : 987 AH
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, completes the construction of a new city, Fatehpur Sikri. He starts ecumenical discussions with all religious faiths in the Ibadat Khana.
1580 : 988 AH
  Ottoman Admiral Ali Beg raids Portuguese positions in East Africa.
  Skirmishes between the Empire of Songhay and the Sa’adids of Morocco over the salt mines of Taodini.
  Portugal becomes a protectorate of Spain.
1581 : 989 AH
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, moves to Lahore, and adds Kashmir, Sindh, Baluchistan and southern Afghanistan to his empire.
  Akbar completes the construction of a Jami Masjid in Peshawar.
  Queen Elizabeth I sends Harborne as ambassador to Istanbul to seek trade relations with the Ottomans.
1585 : 993 AH
  War between the Safavids and the Ottomans for control of Iraq and Azerbaijan.
1587 : 995 AH
  Pope Sixtus V authorizes a Catholic crusade against England.
  The English defeat the Scots. Consolidation of Britain under the English throne.
1588 : 996 AH
  Shah Abbas becomes Safavid emperor of Persia.
  The Spanish armada is destroyed off the coast of England.
  Death of Sinan, architect of Sulaimaniye and Shehzade mosques in Turkey.
 

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1590 : 998 AH
  William Shakespeare writes in England.
1591 : 999 AH
  The Bohras emerge as a sub-branch of the Fatimids.
1592 : 1000 AH
  The Sa’adids of Morocco invade the Songhay Empire. A strong force under Judar Pasha destroys Timbaktu.
1596 : 1004 AH
  Akbar captures Ahmednagar in the Deccan, India.
1598 : 1006 AH
  A second Spanish attempt to conquer England ends in failure.
1600 : 1008 AH
  Dutch ascendancy in the Atlantic. The Atlantic slave trade gathers momentum.
  The British East India Company is granted a charter by Queen Elizabeth I.
1602 : 1010 AH
  Shah Abbas drives the Portuguese from Bahrain.
  The Dutch East India Company is formed.
1603 : 1012 AH
  Death of Queen Elizabeth I. 
1605 : 1014 AH
  Death of Moghul Emperor Akbar.
1609 : 1018 AH
  Final expulsion of Muslims from Spain.
1615 : 1024 AH
  The Dutch capture the Straits of Malacca from the Portuguese.
  Thomas Roe arrives in India as British ambassador to the Moghul court.
  Galileo is tried by the Church for his view that the earth is not the center of the universe.
1619 : 1028 AH
  The Dutch East India Company obtains trading rights on the island of Java.
  Thomas Roe obtains a farman from the Great Moghul Jehangir granting Britain trading rights in India.
 

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1620 : 1029 AH
  Sufi doctrines spread to East Asia.
  The Pilgrims land at Port Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1622 : 1031 AH
  Shah Abbas I, with the help of the British navy, expels the Portuguese from the Straits of Hormuz. The British obtain trading rights in Persia.
1623 : 1032 AH
  Murad IV becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1624 : 1033 AH
  Death of Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi, referred to as Mujaddid alf e Thani (Reformer of the Second Millennium). He expounded the doctrine of Wahdat as Shahada.
1626 : 1035 AH
  The Dutch establish themselves in New Amsterdam (New York).
1627 : 1036 AH
  Shah Jehan, Moghul Emperor of India.
1630 : 1039 AH
  Death of German Astronomer Johann Kepler.
1635 : 1045 AH
  Death of Mian Pir of Lahore, teacher of Dara Shikoh, son of Shah Jehan.
  Emperor Shah Jehan expels the Portuguese from Bengal.
1638 : 1048 AH
  Shah Jehan builds a new capital at Delhi. Construction of the Jami Masjid in Delhi.
1639 : 1049 AH
  The British East India Company establishes a factory at Madras.
1640 : 1050 AH
  Armed rivalry between Britain, France and the Dutch for control of the slave trade.
  Portugal gains its independence from Spain.
  The Dutch capture Sri Lanka.
  The British East India Company establishes a factory at Calcutta.
 

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1641 : 1051 AH
  Sultana Tajul Alam Safiyyiatuddin rules as Queen of Acheh. She is the first of four queens to rule over the northern part of Sumatra.
  The Dutch capture Cochin on the West coast of India.
1642 : 1052 AH
  The Dutch establish a colony at Masulipatam on the East coast of India.
1643 : 1053 AH
  War between Venice and the Ottomans for control of Crete.
1648 : 1058 AH
  Shah Jehan completes the Taj Mahal, the most celebrated monument to love, for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
  The Portuguese recapture Brazil from the Dutch.
1655 : 1065 AH
  The Kurpulu brothers Mehmet Pasha and Fazil Ahmed revitalize the Ottoman administration (1655-1676).
1658 : 1068 AH
  Aurangzeb becomes the Moghul Emperor.
1659 : 1069 AH
  End of the Sa’adid dynasty in Morocco.
1660 : 1070 AH
  Isaac Newton revolutionizes physics.
1664 : 1074 AH
  The British seize New Amsterdam, rename it New York.
  The Battle of St. Gotthard between the Ottomans and the European “Holy League” ends in a stalemate.
1666 : 1076 AH
  The Qur’an is translated into the Malay language.
1668 : 1079 AH
  King Charles II of England sells Bombay to the East India Company.
1676 : 1087 AH
  Kara Mustafa Pasha becomes grand vizier in Istanbul.
1677 : 1088 AH
  War between Russia and the Ottomans over access to the Black Sea.
1683 : 1094 AH
  The second siege of Vienna ends in failure. The Ottomans lose Hungary.
1686 : 1097 AH
  The Hapsburgs advance through Hungary towards Belgrade.
  The British make an attempt to capture the port of Chittagong in India and are beaten back by Moghul forces. 
1687 : 1098 AH
  The Ottomans are defeated at the second Battle of Mohacs.  
1694 : 1105 AH
  The Bank of England advances a perpetual loan of 1.2 million pounds to the British Crown in return for the privilege of putting its own notes into circulation.
1696 : 1107 AH
  Peter of Russia captures the strategic fortress of Azov from the Ottomans.
  The Sultan of Oman recaptures Fort Jesus of Mombasa from the Portuguese.
1707 : 1119 AH
  Death of Aurangzeb. The Moghul Empire begins to disintegrate.
 

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1708 : 1120 AH
  The assassination of Guru Gobind Singh sets off Sikh revolts against Moghul rule in India.
1713 : 1125 AH
  The British displace the Dutch as the most powerful force in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
1722 : 1134 AH
  Tahmasp II, last Safavid ruler of Persia ascends the Persian throne.
  Nizam ul Mulk is appointed the Subedar of Hyderabad.
1736 : 1149 AH
  Nadir Shah becomes Emperor of Persia, displaces the Safavid Tahmasp II.
1739 : 1152 AH
  Nadir Shah of Persia invades India, sacks Delhi, and carries off the Peacock Throne.
1740 : 1153 AH
  Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab starts his movement in Najd, Arabia.
1741 : 1154 AH
  Ahmed ibn Said becomes Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar and attempts to build a strong navy. 
1746 : 1159 AH
  Muhammed ibn Saud establishes the Saudi dynasty near Riyadh.
1754 : 1167 AH
  The French General Dupleix leaves India. France loses the contest for control of Indian trade to the British.
1756 : 1169 AH
  Anglo-French wars in India and America (1756-63). The British are victorious over the French.
1757 : 1170 AH
  The Battle of Plassey. The British gain control of Bengal, India.
1758 : 1171 AH
  The Industrial Revolution in England gains momentum, fueled by the loot from Bengal.
  The Marathas occupy Lahore; oust Timur, son of Nadir Shah of Kabul.
1761 : 1174 AH
  Third Battle of Panipat near Delhi. The Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali defeat Maratha armies.
1762 : 1175 AH
  Death of Shah Waliullah of Delhi, leading reformer.
1763 : 1176 AH
  The Treaty of Paris. The French give up their interests in India and America.
 

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1764 : 1177 AH
  The British starve the Begums of Oudh, India, to surrender their jewels.
  Battle of Buxor. The British defeat the combined armies of Oudh, Bengal and Delhi.
1765 : 1178 AH
  The British wage a brutal campaign against the Afghans of Rohilla in India.
1767 : 1181 AH
  The First Mysore War (1767-68). Tippu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali force the British to sue for peace.
1772 : 1186 AH
  The British Parliament abolishes the slave trade.
1776 : 1190 AH
  The Colonies declare independence in America. The American War of Independence (1776-83) follows.
1780 : 1194 AH
  The Second Mysore War. Tippu Sultan defeats the British at the Battle of Pollipur.
1781 : 1195 AH
  George Washington defeats General Cornwallis at the Battle of Saratoga. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, retires to England, is hired by the East India Company, and is sent to battle Tippu Sultan of Mysore.
1787 : 1201 AH)
  Death of Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab of Arabia.
1789 : 1203 AH
  The Third Mysore War (1789-91). Cornwallis forces Tippu Sultan to cede half of his Territory; takes Tippu’s children as hostage.
  Beginning of the French Revolution.
1793 : 1207 AH
  The British Permanent Settlement Act imposes feudal landlords upon Bengal.
1798 : 1213 AH
  Napoleon lands in Egypt and is victorious at the Battle of the Pyramids.
  The British capture Colombo from the Dutch.
1799 : 1214 AH
  Napoleon corresponds with Tippu Sultan of Mysore and the Sultan of Oman about an invasion of India.
  Tippu Sultan falls at the Battle of Srirangapatam.
  Napoleon is defeated by Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar and is forced to withdraw from Egypt.
1801 : 1216 AH
  The Wahhabis raid Karbala. Wahhabi movement spreads to Iraq. The Wahhabis raid the Hejaz.
1803 : 1218 AH
  Muhammed Ali becomes the Ottoman governor of Egypt; starts a long series of reforms.
  The Marathas in Poona, India, sue for peace with the British.
  Denmark abolishes the slave trade.
  Emir Abdul Aziz of Najd captures Mecca.
1805 : 1220 AH
  Muhammed Ali becomes the Pasha of Egypt.
1806 : 1221 AH
  British armies enter Delhi.
 

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1807 : 1222 AH
  Uthman dan Fuduye establishes the Sokoto Caliphate.
  Muhammed Ali Pasha beats back a British attempt to seize Alexandria, Egypt.
1808 : 1223 AH
  The United States abolishes the slave trade.
1812 : 1227 AH
  Muhammed Ali of Egypt recaptures Mecca and Hejaz from the Wahhabis (1812-15).
1817 : 1232 AH
  Death of Uthman dan Fuduye, mujahid in West Africa.
  Muhammed Bello becomes Caliph of the Sokoto Empire.
1818 : 1233 AH
  Holland abolishes the slave trade.
1821 : 1236 AH
  Greek war against the Ottomans.
1827 : 1242 AH
  Naval Battle of Navarino pits European axis against the Ottomans.
  Shaykh Ahmed Lobo establishes the kingdom of Lobo in West Africa.
1828 : 1243 AH
  War between Russia and the Ottomans over control of the Black Sea. Russia advances into Anatolia.
1830 : 1246 AH
  Greece breaks off from the Ottoman Empire.
  France occupies Algiers.
1834 : 1250 AH
  Beginning of Muslim resistance to the Russians in Daghestan, Crimea and the Caucasus.
1835 : 1251 AH
  The Ottomans defeat the French at Malta.
  The British replace Persian with English in the higher courts in India.
1837 : 1253 AH
  Sanusiya Sufi brotherhood is founded in North Africa.
1838 : 1254 AH
  British invasion of Afghanistan ends in failure.
1839 : 1255 AH
  Abdul Mecit I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Beginning of Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire.
1840 : 1256 AH
  France starts colonization of Algeria.
1846 : 1262 AH
  The Bank Act of 1846 in England confers legal recognition on the negotiability of credit documents.
1848 : 1264 AH
  Nasiruddin Shah ascends the throne of Persia.
1850 : 1266 AH
  The Bahai schism starts in Persia.
1851 : 1267 AH
  The British build a railroad linking Alexandria with Suez (1851-54).
1853 : 1269 AH
  The Tijaniya Sufi brotherhood is established in West Africa.
  Beginning of the Crimean War. Britain and France support the Ottomans against Russia.
 

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1854 : 1270 AH
  Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt grants a concession to French Engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps to build the Suez Canal. Egypt borrows funds from international bankers to complete the canal.
  The Ottomans take their first loan from international bankers.
1856 : 1272 AH
  End of the Crimean war between Russia and the Ottomans.
1857 : 1273 AH
  The Sepoy Uprising in India. After initial successes, the Uprising is crushed by the British. End of Moghul rule. The British exile the last Moghul Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to Rangoon, Burma.
1858 : 1274 AH
  The Russians capture Imam Shamil, Naqshbandi Imam in Daghestan. End of Muslim resistance in Chechnya and Daghestan.
1859 : 1275 AH
  Death of Muhammed al Sanusi, Reformer, Sufi Shaykh of Libya.
1860 : 1276 AH
  Alhajj Omar resists French colonization in Sene-Gambia.
1861 : 1277 AH
  American Civil War (1861-65). The price of Egyptian cotton soars in world markets.
1863 : 1280 AH
  Abraham Lincoln proclaims the abolition of slavery.
1869 : 1286 AH
  The Suez Canal opens with much fanfare.
  The price of Egyptian cotton drops precipitously. Egyptian public debt mounts.
  Tunisia falters on debt payments to European bankers. The International Debt Commission for Tunisia assumes control over Tunisian finances.
1871 : 1288 AH
  A unified Germany emerges as the most powerful continental power in Europe.
1873 : 1290 AH
  The Dutch capture the Kingdom of Acheh in Sumatra. Beginning of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.
1874 : 1291 AH
  Syed Ahmed Khan founds the Aligarh College in India.
1875 : 1292 AH
  Egypt sells off its share in the Suez Canal Company to the British to partially offset its debts.
1876 : 1293 AH
  Abdul Hamid II becomes the Ottoman Sultan and Caliph. He starts consolidation of ties with Muslim peoples worldwide.
  Egypt falters on debt payments. Britain and France appoint a Commission on Egyptian Public Debt with the power to confiscate revenues.
 

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1877 : 1294 AH
  Russia invades the Ottoman Empire (1877-78). Russian troops advance to within ten miles of Istanbul and dictate capitulation terms to the Turks at the Treaty of San Stefano.
1878 : 1295 AH
  Egypt is forced by Britain and France to accept international control over her finances.
  Treaty of Berlin results in effective dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.
  Britain occupies Cyprus.
1879 : 1296 AH
  Britain and France force Khedive Ismail Pasha of Egypt to abdicate in favor of his son Tawfiq Pasha. Sultan Abdul Hamid acquiesces in the abdication.
1880 : 1297 AH
  The French, in violation of the Treaty of Berlin, occupy Tunisia and declare it a “protectorate”.
1881 : 1298 AH
  Egyptian nationalists under Ahmed Torabi Pasha stage protests against foreign control.
1882 : 1299 AH
  The British bombard Alexandria into submission, defeat the Egyptians at the Battle of Tel el Kabir and occupy Cairo.
  The Mahdi seizes Khartoum and establishes a Caliphate in the Sudan.
1885 : 1302 AH
  The British storm Khartoum. Death of al Mahdi of the Sudan.
  An Englishman, Allan Hume, founds the Indian National Congress.
1888 : 1305 AH
  Ghulam Mirza Ahmed starts the Ahmadiya schism in Punjab, India. The movement draws strong opposition from the ulema.
1891 : 1308 AH
  The Tobacco Concession touches off an uproar in Persia. Peaceful boycott of tobacco, under a fatwa from Hajji Mirza Hassan Shirazi, forces the Shah to rescind the Concession.
1896 : 1314 AH
  Nasiruddin Shah of Persia is assassinated.
1901 : 1319 AH
  Abdul Aziz ibn Saud captures Riyadh.
1906 : 1324 AH
  All India Muslim League is founded.
1907 : 1325 AH
  Death of Muzaffaruddin Shah of Persia. His son Muhammed Ali Mirza becomes the Shah. The first Majlis is elected in Persia.
  The Young Turks Movement in Turkey gathers momentum.
1908 : 1326 AH
  Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina.
  Constitutional revolution in Persia. Muhammed Ali Shah of Persia is deposed. His young son Ahmed Mirza becomes the Shah.
1909 : 1327 AH
  Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed by the Young Turks.
  Mehmet V becomes the Sultan.
1911 : 1329 AH
  The Sanusi brotherhood resists the Italian invasion of Libya.
1912 : 1330 AH
  Muhammadiya movement is organized in Indonesia.
  Egypt becomes a British protectorate.
1913 : 1331 AH
  The Balkan war begins. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria invade Ottoman territories. Albania becomes independent. The Ottomans are forced to withdraw from most of the Balkans.
1914 : 1332 AH
  A Serb in Sarajevo murders Prince Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Austria declares war on Serbia.
  Russia declares war on Austria.
  Germany declares war on Russia.
  France and England declare war on Germany.
  The Triple Entente powers (Britain, France and Russia) declare war on the Ottomans.
  Beginning of World War I.
 

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1915 : 1333 AH
  The Ottomans contain British advances in Iraq and beat back attempts to capture Baghdad and Istanbul.
1916 : 1334 AH
  The British promise to set up a unified Arab state.
  Sharif Hussain declares himself king of Hejaz, attacks Ottoman garrisons in Arabia.
  Lawrence of Arabia, a British intelligence officer, works with the Arabs.
  The Sykes-Picot agreement divides up the Ottoman territories between England, France, Russia, Greece and Italy.
1917 : 1335 AH
  Anglo Indian troops under Allenby capture Baghdad and Jerusalem.
  The Balfour Declaration promises to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
  The French take Beirut.
  Germany releases the Bolshevik leader Lenin to pressure Russia to drop out of the War.
  The United States enters the War.
  The Russian army begins to collapse on the western front. The October Revolution brings the Bolsheviks to power. Russia pulls out of the War.
1918 : 1336 AH
  Mehmet VI becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Damascus falls to British Forces.
  Germany and the Ottoman Empire capitulate. End of World War I.
  The Wafd movement starts in Egypt.
1919 : 1337 AH
  The victorious allies partition the Ottoman Empire.
  Greece invades Anatolia.
1920 : 1338 AH
  French mandate over Syria.
  British mandate over Iraq and Palestine.
  The Greeks capture Alashehir, Bahkesir, Bandarma and Bursa.
  The Turks stop the Greeks at the Battle of Ankara.
1921 : 1339 AH
  The British appoint Abdullah, son of Sharif Hussain, as emir of Trans Jordan.
  Faisal, another son of Hussain, is appointed emir of Iraq.
  The Turks are victorious over the Greeks at the Battle of the Sakarya River. Greece retreats from Anatolia.
1922 : 1340 AH
  Abdul Mecit II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Mustafa Kemal becomes President of the Republic of Turkey.
1924 : 1342 AH
  The Turkish National Assembly abolishes the Caliphate
 

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1927 : 1345 AH
  Tablighi Jamaat reform movement founded in India
1928 : 1346 AH
  Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brothers) founded in Egypt
1941 : 1360 AH
  Jamaat-i Islami reform movement founded in Lahore, India
1945 : 1364 AH
  Indonesia becomes independent republic
  Islam spreads to the West with mass migrations from Asia, Africa and India
1947 : 1366 AH
  Pakistan founded as an Islamic nation. Islam becomes a minority religion in India
1957 : 1376 AH
  Independent Malayan state established with Islam as the official religion but guaranteed tolerance
1960 : 1379 AH
  Familes from SE Asia and North Africa emigrate to Europe and the Americas
1979 : 1399 AH
  Shah of Iran is overthrown by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, who establishes strict fundamentalist rule of Shi'a principles
1990 : 1410 AH 
  Taliban come to power in Afghanistan
2001 : 1422 AH 
  Muslim extremists attack the United States 
2003 : 1424 AH     
  Saddam Hussien ousted by Western forces     
 

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Marlborough : Blenheim
New Zealand

            

Geography                   

Xx

Territory of Norfolk Island

 

Teratri a' Norf'k Ailen (Norfuk)[1]

Flag of Norfolk Island

Flag

{{{coat_alt}}}

Coat of arms

Motto: "Inasmuch"[2]

Anthem: "God Save the Queen(official)
"Come ye Blessed"
 
Location of Norfolk Island
Status External Territory
Capital Kingston
29.03°S 167.95°E
Largest city Burnt Pine
Official languages English
Norfuk[3]
Ethnic groups 

(2016)

English, PitcairnScottish, Irish[4]
Demonym(s) Norfolk Islander[5]
Sovereign state Australia
Leaders
 

• Monarch

Elizabeth II

• Governor-General

Sir Peter Cosgrove

• Administrator

Eric Hutchinson
Establishment
 

• Separation from Colony of Tasmania[6][7]

1 November 1856

• Transfer of Territory from UK to Australia

1 July 1914
Area

• Total

34.6 km2 (13.4 sq mi)

• Water (%)

negligible
Population

• 2016 census census

1748[8]

• Density

61.9/km2(160.3/sq mi)
HDI (2008) 0.958
very high
Currency Australian dollar (AUD)
Time zone UTC+11:00 (NFT (Norfolk Island Time))
Driving side left
Calling code +672
ISO 3166 code NF
Internet TLD .nf

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History                         

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Muslim                        

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Wellington : Wellington
New Zealand

           

Geography                         

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History                              

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Muslim                             

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World Islamic History : 593 H
23/11/1196 - 12/11/1197 CE

                    

Other Events                                   

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Islamic Lineage                               

xxx

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Islamic Timeline                             

1 - 100 (623 - 719)
101 - 200 (720 - 816)
201- 300 (817 - 913)
301 - 400 (914 - 1010)
401 - 500 (1011 - 1107)
501 - 600 (1108 - 1204)
601 - 700 (1205 - 1301)
701 - 800 (1302 - 1398)
801 - 900 (1399 - 1495)
901 - 1000 (1496 - 1592)
1001 - 1100 (1593 - 1689)
1101 - 1200 (1690 - 1786)
1201 - 1300 (1787 - 1883)
1301 - 1400 (1884 - 1980)
1401 - 1500 (1981 - 2078)

570 : 52 BH
  Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca
610 : 12 BH
  Revelation of the first versus of the Quran
  Ali ibn Abu Talib and Abu Bakar as Siddiq accept Islam
615 : 7 BH
  Conversion of Omar Ibn Al Khattab
620 : 2 BH
  A group of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia to escape the persecution in Mecca
622 : 1 AH
  Prophet Muhammad migrates to Madina
  Start of the Islamic calendar
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624  : 2 AH 
  Battle of Badr
625 : 3 AH
  Battle of Uhud  
626 : 5 AH
  Battle of Khandaq / Battle of the Trench 
627 : 6 AH
  Prophet Muhammad concludes the Treaty of Hudaibiya with the Meccans
628 : 7 AH
  The Muslims reclaim Mecca
  The Prophet sends messages to Khosroe of Persia, Heraclius of Byzantium, Muqawqis of Egypt and the king of Yemen, inviting them to accept Islam 
632 : 11 AH
  Farewell pilgrimage of Prophet Muhammad
  The last verse of the Quran is revealed
  Defensive expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantines ends in a stalemate and commander Zaid bin Harris is killed in action
  Prophet Muhammad passes away
  The Companions establish the Caliphate to affirm the historical continuity of Islam
  Abu Bakar as Siddiq is elected the first Caliph
  Death of Fatimah az Zahra beloved daughter of the Prophet,wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib
 

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633 : 12 AH
  Abu Bakar conducts campaigns against eastern Arabs to ensure their compliance with zakat
  Rise of the false prophets
  Battle of Yamama against Musailimah Al Kazzab
  Abu Bakar authorizes the preparation of a written copy of the Quran, the Mashaf e Siddiqi
634 : 13 AH
  Muslim armies defeat the Byzantines at the Battle of Ajnadyn
  Abu Bakar passes away
  Omar ibn Al Khattab is elected the Caliph
635 : 14 AH
  Campaigns against eastern Roman and Persian Empires
  The Muslims capture Damascus
636 : 15 AH
  The Persian army is defeated at the Battle of Qadasia
  The Byzantines are defeated at the Battle of Yarmuk
  Jerusalem conquered by Arab armies. Freedom of worship is guaranteed to Christians.
 

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637 : 16 AH
  The Muslims capture Madayen, capital of the Persian Empire
640 : 19 AH
  Omar bin al As begins campaigns in Egypt
641 : 20 AH
  Arab armies advance towards Khorasan, Afghanistan dan Sindh
642 : 21 AH
  The conquest of Egypt is completed
  Caliph Omar streamlines the administration of the vast empire
  Judical rulings of Omar ibn al Khattab and Ali ibn Abu Talib provide a basis for the sciences of Fiqh
  Persian armies defeated at the Battle of Nahawand
643 : 22 AH
  First construction of the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem
644 : 23 AH
  Caliph Omar ibn Al Khattab is assassinated
  Uthman bin Affan is elected the Caliph
649 : 28 AH
  Cyprus is captured from the Byzantines
650 : 29 AH
  Pronunciation of Quranic verses standardized
652 : 31 AH
  Death of Abu Dhar al Ghifari, venerated Companion and Sufi
656 : 36 AH
  Caliph Uthman bin Affan is assassinated
  Ali ibn Abu Talib is elected the Caliph
  Beginning of the Civil Wars
  Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats dissidents under Aisha binti Abu Bakar at the Battle of the Camel  
657 : 37 AH
  Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan, governor of Syria, refuses to recognize the Caliphate of Ali
  Battle of Siffin between forces of Ali and Muawiya
  Beginning of the Kharijite schism
 

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658 : 38 AH
  Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan
  Muawiya is declared the Caliph by his supporters in Damascus
659 : 39 AH
  Truce between Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib and Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
661 : 41 AH
  Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib is assassinated
  Age of Khulafa e Rashidoon ends
  Muawiya claims the Caliphate
  Beginning of the Umayyad dynasty
  Imam Hassan ibn Ali retires from politics
665 : 45 AH
  Muawiya orders the buildup of a navy
667 : 47 AH
  Muslim armies capture Khorasan
669 : 49 AH
  Death of Imam Hassan ibn Ali
670 : 50 AH
  Uqba bin Nafi begins the conquest of North Africa
  The city of Khairaoun in North Africa is founded
671 : 51 AH
  Muslim armies capture the island of Rhodes
  The first attempt to capture Constantinople fails
678 : 58 AH
  Death of Aisha binti Abu Bakar wife of Prophet Muhammad and the source of a large number of Hadith
 

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680 : 60 AH
  Death of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
  Yazid son of Muawiya becomes Omayyad ruler
  The tragedy of Karbala, Hussain ibn Ali,grandson of the Prophet is martyred
  Beginning of Yawm e Ashoora
683 : 63 AH
  Yazid sacks Madina
  Uqba bin Nafi conquers North Africa
  Death of Yazid: Muawiya II succeeds him
684 : 64 AH
  Marwan I becomes the Caliph
685 : 65 AH
  Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph
  Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
  Muslim armies advance into Central Asia
690 : 71 AH
  Omayyad armies reach the Atlantic Ocean
691 : 72 AH
  Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is completed
692 : 73 AH
  Abdul Malik mints the first coins of the Islamic state
693 : 74 AH
  Al Hajjaj also known as al Hajjaj the cruel becomes governor of Iraq
694 : 75 AH
  Construction of the Omayyad Mosque in Damascus
699 : 80 AH
  Death of Al Juhani rationalist, philosopher
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705 : 86 AH
  Al Walid I becomes the Caliph and begins a vigorous expansion of the empire
711 : 92 AH
  Tariq ibn Ziyad lands in Spain. Visigoth army under Rodriguez is defeated at the Battle of Buhayrah
  Muhammad bin Qasim lands at Debal subdues Baluchistan , Sindh , Multan and southern Punjab
712 : 93 AH
  Musa ibn Nusair advances into Leon, Astoria, and Galicia
  Beginning of 780 years of Muslim rule in Andalus
  Jewish golden age in Spain
  Death of Imam Zainul Abedin
713 : 94 AH
  Zaid bin Zainul Abedin organizes resistance to the Omayyads. Beginning of the Zaidi branch.
  Muslim armies capture Lyons in France
714 : 95 AH
  Muhammad bin Qasim recalled from Sindh by Hajjaj bin Yusuf and imprisoned until death
  Muslims capture Normandy in France
715 : 96 AH
  Sulaiman becomes Umayyad Caliph
  Musa ibn Nusair recalled from Spain by Caliph Sulaiman, stripped of all power and banished into the desert
717 : 98 AH
  Omar bin Abdul Aziz becomes the Caliph and attempts reconciliation in the Islamic community. He lowers taxes on peasants in Persia and Egypt.
  The Byzantines repulse a second Muslim attempt to capture Constantinople.
  Spread of Islam into Persia and Egypt picks up momentum
 

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719 : 100 AH
  Omar bin Abdul Aziz is poisoned
  Yazid II becomes the Caliph
720 : 101 AH
  Muslim armies cross the Pyrenees and occupy southern France
724 : 106 AH
  Hisham becomes the Caliph
728 : 110 AH
  Death of Hasan al Basri,well known Sufi Shaykh
731 : 113 AH
  Death of Imam al Baqir
732 : 114 AH
  Charles Martel stops the Muslim advance into Europe at the Battle of Tours
735 : 117 AH
  Muslim armies advance through southern France and occupy mountain passes in Switzerland
740 : 122 AH
  Death of Imam Zaid bin Zain ul Abedin
743 : 125 AH
  Al Walid II becomes the Caliph
744 : 126 AH
  Abu Muslim is appointed the chief dayee of Khorasan
  Yazid III, Ibrahim and Marwan II become the Caliphs in rapid succession
745 : 127 AH
  Imam Jaafar as Saadiq discusses Fiqh issues in his study circles. Imam Abu Haneefa participates in these studies and benefits from them.
746 : 128 AH
  Beginning of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan
747 : 129 AH
  Kufa falls to the Abbasids. Abu Muslim nominates Abul Abbas as the first Abbasid Caliph
750 : 132 AH
  The Abbasid Revolution
  The Abbasid forces defeat the Caliph Marwan at the Battle of Kushaf. The Umayyads are swept away from power and are slaughtered
  Andur Rahman I escapes to Spain
  Beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Abu Abbas al Saffah becomes the first Abbasid Caliph
 

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751 : 133 AH
  Battle of Tlas.The Muslim armies are victorious over the forces of the Tang Empire. China cedes Central Asia to the Caliphate
  Systematic development of Fiqh begins
754 : 136 AH
  Al Mansur becomes the Caliph,sends troops into China in response to a request for help from the Tang Emperor Tsung. 
755 : 138 AH
  The Umayyad Abdur Rahman I establishes the Umayyad Emirate in Cordoba Spain
759 : 142 AH
  The Franks recapture Narbonne from the Muslims
760 : 143 AH
  Death of Imam Ismail, son of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq
  Beginning of the Fatimid branch among Muslims
763 : 146 AH
  Baghdad becomes the seat of the Caliphate and the cradle of Islamic civilization
765 : 148 AH
  Death of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq one of the principal sources of Fiqh. Caliph al Mansur establishes schools of translation in Baghdad.
  Muslims come into contact with Greek philosophy and Indian mathematics
768 : 151 AH
  Death of Imam Abu Haneefa after whom the Hanafi school of Fiqh is named.
  Charlemagne ( 768-814) ascends the Frankish throne.
 

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775 : 158 AH
  Al Mahdi becomes the Caliph
778 : 161 AH
  Charlemagne of France raids Muslim Spain
780 : 163 AH
  Charlemagne invades German territories and converts the Germans to Christianity
781 : 164 AH
  Ibn Jabir invents the science of chemistry
785 : 168 AH
  Al Hadi becomes the Caliph
786 : 169 AH 
  Harun al Rashid becomes the Caliph. Golden age of Baghdad
788 : 172 AH
  Beginning of the Idrisid dynasty in North Africa
790 : 174 AH
  The manufacture of paper is introduced into Baghdad from China
795 : 179 AH
  Death of Imam Malik bin Anas, after whom the Maliki school of Fiqh is named
799 : 183 AH 
  Zubaida, wife of Harun al Rashid performs the Hajj and builds rest houses for hajjis on the road
  Death of Imam Muza al Kazim
 

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800 : 184 AH
  Harun al Rashid and Charlemagne exchange ambassadors
801 : 185 AH
  The city of Fez is established
  Charlemagne begins an invasion of Muslim Spain
802 : 186 AH
  Death of Rabia al Adawiya one of the most celebrated spiritual luminaries and a teacher of Sufi masters
809 : 193 AH
  Death of Harun al Rashid. Al Amin becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
813 : 197 AH
  Al Mamun succeeds his brother Al Amin as the Caliph
814 : 198 AH
  Death of Charlemagne. The Carolingian Empire in Europe begins to disintegrate
815 : 199 AH
  Al Khwarizmi invents the science of Algebra and develops the mathematics of equations
  Viking raids from the North ravage Europe
  The Abbasid Empire begins a slow process of disintegration. The Idrisids in North Africa and the Tahirids in Persia become autonomous
 

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818 : 202 AH
  Death of Imam Ali al Rida
820 : 205 AH
  Death of Imam al Shafie after whom the Shafie school of Fiqh is named.
  Rise of the Aghlabids in North Africa
822 : 207 AH
  Music flourishes at the court of Cordoba under the musician al Zirhab
  The Aghlabid armies from North Africa invade Sicily
827 : 212 AH
  Caliph al Mamun adopts Mutazilite doctrines as court dogma
  The Idrisids capture Crete, Sardinia and Sicily
830 : 215 AH
  Caliph al Mamun patronizes the Bait ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad and encourages translation of Greek and Sanskrit books into arabic. The Muslims develop concept of decimals in mathematics
831 : 216 AH
  Muslims capture Palermo Italy
833 : 218 AH
  Death of Al Mamun. Al Mutasim becomes the Caliph and enlists Turks into the army
835 : 220 AH
  Death of Imam al Jawwad
838 : 223 AH
  Umayyad armies from Spain occupy Marseilles France
840 : 225 AH
  Death of Al Khwarizmi mathematician , Sufi Shaykh
842 : 227 AH
  Al Wathiq becomes the Caliph
846 : 231 AH
  The Aghlabids in North Africa occupy Pisa and conduct a raid on Rome
 

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847 : 232 AH
  Al Mutawakkil becomes the Caliph abandons Mutazilite doctrines
850 : 235 AH
  Turkish influence in the Caliphate grows
855 : 241 AH
  Death of Imam ibn Hanbal after whom the Hanbali school of FIqh is named
861 : 247 AH
  University of Kairaouine ( established 859 CE ) in Fes Morocco. Caliph al Mutawakkil is murdered in Baghdad. Al Muntasir becomes the Caliph
866 : 252 AH
  Al Mutaz becomes the Caliph
868 : 254 AH
  Egypt becomes autonomous under the Tulunids
  Palermo in Sicily becomes a center of Islamic learning
  Death of Imam al Hadi
870 : 256 AH
  The Zanj workers from East Africa revolt in Iraq
  Death of Al Farabi and Al Kindi noted men of science
  Death of Al Tabari renowned physician
  The Muslims capture Malta
  Al Mutamid becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
874 : 260 AH
  Death of Abul Hussain Muslim, compiler of Hadith
  Death of Imam al Askari
  Death of Al Kindi mathematician astronomer
  Death of Al Bistami one of the most celebrated Sufi Shaikhs
 

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875 : 261 AH
  Hamdan Karamat starts the Karamatian movement
  The Sassanids establish themselves in Bokhara
878 : 264 AH
  Disappearance of Imam al Muntazar the Twelth Imam
  Beginning of belief in the hidden Imam
880 : 266 AH
  The Aghlabids lose southern Italy to Christian forces
882 : 268 AH
  A rebellion of the Zanj in Iraq is crushed
885 : 272 AH
  Death of Dawud ibn Khalaf expounder of the Zahiri school of Fiqh
887 : 274 AH
  Peasant revolt in China against foreigners forces out the Muslims of Canton
889 : 276 AH
  Death of Ibn Kutaiba historian
890 : 277 AH
  Spanish Muslims re-establish bases in southern France and conduct raids into Switzerland
892 : 279 AH
  Death of Muhammed al Tharmidi historian
  Al Mutadid becomes the Caliph
893 : 280 AH
  The Karamatians capture Yemen
898 : 285 AH
  Imam al Hadi Yahya establishes a Zaidi state in Yemen
 

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900 : 287 AH
  The Arabian Nights are compiled
  Improvements appear in the design and use of the Astrolabe
  The Kharijites establish a dynasty in Sijilmasa North Africa
901 : 288 AH
  The Samanids emerge in Khorasan Persia
902 : 289 AH
  Al Muktafi becomes the Caliph
903 : 290 AH
  The Karamatians plunder Damascus
904 : 291 AH
  Muslim armies capture Solonika from the Byzantines
907 : 294 AH
  Abu Abdullah Fatimid leader moves to North Africa 
908 : 295 AH
  Al Muqtadir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
909 : 296 AH
  The Fatimids establish themselves in North Africa
  Ubaidulla al Mahdi becomes the first Fatimid Caliph
910 : 297 AH
  Al Razi conducts research into infectious diseases including small pox,rabies and the plague
912 : 299 AH
  Reign of Abdul Rahman III in Spain (912 - 961). Cordoba becomes the premier city of Europe. Golden age of Spain. Science and civilization thrive.
 

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914 : 301 AH
  Nasr al Saeed of the Samanids in Khorasan favors the Fatimids over the Abbasids
915 : 302 AH
  The Kharijites establish themselves in southern Morocco
  The Fatimids raid Egypt
922 : 310 AH
  Mansur al Hallaj Persian mystic is executed for his esoteric views
  Beginning of the Tahirid dynasty in Iraq
923 : 311 AH
  Death of Abu Tabari, noted commentator on the Quran
925 : 313 AH
  Death of Al Razi doctor of medicine
929 : 317 AH
  In response to Fatimid claims to the Caliphate, Abdul Rahman III of Spain assumes the title of Caliph and protector of Sunni Muslims in North Africa
930 : 318 AH
  The Karamatians raid Mecca and carry off the Hijr e Aswad from the Haram to Bahrain
931 : 319 AH
  Abdur Rahman III occupies Ceuta
  The Fatimids capture Algeria
932 : 320 AH
  The Buyids establish their rule in southern Iraq
  Al Qahir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
933 : 321 AH
  The Ishkedids displace the Tulunids in Egypt and rule until 969
934 : 322 AH
  Al Radi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
  Al Qaim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
936 : 324 AH
  Death of Al Ashari (874-936), highly influential theologian who reconciled Mutazilite doctrines with orthodox theology. Author of ''occasionalism' in philosophy 
939 : 327 AH
  Abdul RAhman III of Spain captures Fraxinetum, Valais,Geneva, Toulon and Great St. Bernard
940 : 328 AH
  Extensive postal services are established by the Abbasids
  Al Muttaqi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
 

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945 : 333 AH
  The Buyids temporarily capture Baghdad
946 : 334 AH
  Al Mutee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
  Al Mansur becomes the Fatimid Caliph
950 : 338 AH
  Death of Al Farabi , noted scientist, philosopher, jurist,author of treatises on ethics, music and logic, Sufi Shaykh
951 : 340 AH
  The Ikhwan as Safa in Iraq compile an Ecyclopedia of Knowledge
953 : 342 AH
  Al Muiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in North Africa
955 : 344 AH
  Sharp naval engagements between the navies of Al Muiz and Abdul Rahman III off the coast of Spain
957 : 346 AH
  Al Masudi, the historian, passes away
961 : 350 AH
  Death of Abdul Rahman III
  The Oghuz family of Turks in Central Asia accepts Islam
962 : 351 AH
  The Seljuk, Alaptagin, establishes a kingdom in Ghazna Afghanistan
968 : 357 AH
  The Umayyads establish a university in Cordoba
969 : 358 AH
  The Fatimids conquer Egypt and establish the city of Cairo
970 : 359 AH
  The Fatimids capture Syria, Mecca and Madina and lay claim to the leadership of the Islamic world. Fatimid rule in Multan ( modern Pakistan ). Brisk trade between Alexandria, Egypt and Venice, Italy
971 : 360 AH 
  The Fatimids establish Al-Azhar University in Cairo
974 : 363 AH
  Al Ta'ee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
975 : 364 AH
  Death of Al Muiz, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt. Al Aziz becomes the Fatimid Caliph
  Muslim astronomers publish manuscripts showing constellations of stars
988 : 378 AH
  Count Vladimir of Kiev embraces Eastern Orthodox Christianity
991 : 381 AH
  Al Qadir becomes the Abbasid Caliph
996 : 386 AH
  Al Hakim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
  Pope Pious XI declares the Crusades against Muslim
997 : 387 AH
  Mahmud succeeds Alaptagin in Ghazna and dominates Central Asia
 

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999 : 389 AH
 

Large scale Turkish migrations into Central Asia.

 

Kara Khani Turks occupy Bukhara.

 

Mahmud of Ghazna annexes Khorasan.

 

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1000 : 390 AH
 

Mahmud makes the first of seventeen raids into India.

 

The Chinese use gunpowder to propel arrows.

1001 : 391 AH
 

Mahmud starts campaigns to capture Peshawar, Bhera, Nagarkot, Tarain, Thaneshwar and Kanauj in India.

1004 : 394 AH
 

Mahmud defeats Dawud, Fatimid ruler of Multan.

1016 : 407 AH
 

The Christians reclaim Sardinia.

1017 : 408 AH
 

Beginning of the Druze sect in Lebanon.

1020 : 411 AH
 

Death of Firdowsi of Persia, author of Shah Nama.

 

Mahmud establishes Lahore as the capital of Punjab.

 

Death of Fatimid Caliph al Hakim who had claimed divinity.

1021 : 412 AH
 

Al Zahir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1024 : 415 AH
 

Mahmud raids temple of Somanath in Gujrat, India.

1025 : 416 AH
 

Al Baruni publishes Kitab ul Hind, a penetrating study of the people of India.

1030 : 421 AH
 

Death of Mahmud of Ghazna.
Umayyad caliphate in Cordoba defeated by the Christian Reconquista.

 

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1031 : 422 AH
 

The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba disintegrates. Spain breaks up into petty emirates. The Christian kingdoms of Castille, Leon and Portugal position themselves to attack the Muslim territories.

 

Al Qaim becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

1032 : 423 AH
 

The Church of Constantinople breaks with the Church of Rome over the issue of icons in the Church.

1036 : 427 AH
 

Taghril Beg becomes Seljuk Sultan.

 

Al Mustansir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1037 : 428 AH
 

Death of Abu Ali ibn Sina, one of the greatest of physicians.

 

Ferdinand I, king of Castille, captures Leon.

1038 : 429 AH
 

Death of Al Hazen, noted physicist.

1043 : 434 AH
 

The Fatimid Empire begins to crumble. Mecca, Madina, Yemen and North Africa are lost by the Fatimids.

1048 : 440 AH
 

Death of al Bairuni, historian, author of Kitab ul Hind.

1050 : 442 AH
 

The Christians advance in Sicily.

1051 : 443 AH
 

Beginning of the Murabitun revolution in West Africa.

1056 : 448 AH
 

The Seljuk Taghril Beg and the Buyid Basisiri contest the control of Baghdad.

1058 : 450 AH
 

Taghril Beg is anointed by Abbasid Caliph Kaim as “sultan of the east and the west” for his role in protecting the Abbasid Caliphate.

1060 : 452 AH
 

The Seljuk Turks advance into Persia, Azerbaijan and Armenia.

 

The Crusaders raid the coast of North Africa.

 

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1061 : 453 AH
 

The Murabitun capture Morocco.

 

The Murabitun establish the city of Marrakesh as their capital.

1063 : 455 AH
 

Taghril Beg dies childless. His nephew Alap Arsalan becomes the Seljuk sultan.

1068 : 460 AH
 

Beginning of the Songhay Empire in West Africa.

1072 : 464 AH
 

Battle of Manzikert. The Seljuk Turks under Alap Arsalan defeat the Byzantines under Emperor Romanus and open up Anatolia for Turkish settlement.

 

The Christians capture Palermo in Sicily.

1075 : 467 AH
 

The Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah retakes Syria from the Fatimids.

 

Al Muqtadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph.

1077 : 469 AH
 

Birth of Abdul Qader Jeelani, celebrated Sufi sage.

1085 : 478 AH
 

Alfonso I of Castile captures Toledo, the ancient capital of Visigoth Spain. The extensive libraries of Toledo become accessible to Christian Europe.

1086 : 479 AH
 

The Murabitun emir, Yusuf bin Tashfin, advances into Spain at the head of a powerful African force.

 

The Nizamiya College is founded in Baghdad by Nizam ul Mulk, grand vizier to Sultan Malik Shah.

 

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1087 : 480 AH
 

Yusuf bin Tashfin defeats Alfonso VI at the Battle of Sagrajas.

 

The Crusaders sack Mahdiya in North Africa.

 

The assassin terror grows in Iraq and Syria.

1090 : 483 AH
 

Al Ghazzali teaches at NizamiyaCollege, Baghdad.

 

The Crusaders capture Malta.

 

The assassins capture Alamut in northern Syria and establish a training center for fidayees.

1091 : 484 AH
 

End of Muslim presence in Sicily.

 

Smyrna in Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.

 

Death of Sultan Malik Shah.

 

The assassins murder grand vizier Nizam ul Mulk.

1094 : 487 AH
 

Al Mustansir becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

 

Al Mustadi becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.

1095 : 488 AH
 

Pope Urban II declares a Crusade to take Jerusalem.

 

Al Afdal, grand vizier of Fatimid Egypt, recaptures Jerusalem from Turkish emir Duqaq of Damascus.

1096 : 489 AH
 

The start of the First Crusade.

1097 : 490 AH
 

Konya Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.

  The Turks retreat before the advancing Crusaders.
  The Fatimids in Egypt start negotiations with the Crusaders to divide up Seljuk territories.
1098 : 491 AH
 

The Crusaders capture Antioch.

1099 : 492 AH
 

Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders. The Muslims and the Jews are massacred. Baldwin becomes king of Jerusalem.

 

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1100 : 493 AH
 

Al Ghazzali writes a powerful diatribe, Tahaffuz al Falsafa, against speculative philosophy. In Ihya al Uloom, he accords tasawwuf an honored position in the Islamic sciences.

1106 : 499 AH
 

Death of Yusuf bin Tashfin, emir of the Murabitun.

1111 : 504 AH
 

Abu Hamid al Ghazzali dies after transforming the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world.

1113 : 507 AH
 

Maudud, a Seljuk officer from Mosul, defeats King Baldwin of Jerusalem.

1118 : 512 AH
 

Al Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.

1123 : 517 AH
 

Death of Omar al Khayyam, mathematician, mystic.

1124 : 518 AH
 

Death of Hassan al Sabbah, leader of the Assassins.

1126 : 520 AH
 

Archbishop Raymond establishes a school in Toledo to translate Arabic books into Latin.

1127 : 521 AH
 

The Assassins murder Turkish officer Maudud.

1130 : 524 AH
 

Death of ibn Tumart, leader of the Al Muhaddithin.

1132 : 526 AH
 

Roger II of Sicily invites Muslim scholars to work at his court.

 

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1139 :533 AH
 

Birth of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti, Sufi sage.

1141 : 535 AH
 

The Kara Kitai Turkomans defeat the Seljuks at Amu Darya.

1144 : 538 AH
  The Seljuks, under Zengi, recapture Edessa.
  Pope Eugene declares the Second Crusade.
1145 : 539 AH
  The Second Crusade collapses in Anatolia but succeeds in capturing Lisbon in Portugal.
  End of the Murabitun rule in Andalus.
1146 : 541 AH
  The al Muhaddithin captures Morocco.
  The assassins murder Seljuk Emir Zengi.
1149 : 544 AH
 

Al Zafir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.

1150 : 545 AH
 

The University of Paris is established.

1151 : 546 AH
 

Al Idrisi constructs a map of the then known world.

1154 : 549 AH
  The Kurdish officer Nuruddin, in Seljuk service, takes Damascus.
  Al Faiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1157 : 552 AH
 

The al Muhaddithin captures Andalus.

1160 : 555 AH
  Al Mustanjid becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
  Al Adid, the last of the Fatimids, becomes the Caliph in Cairo.
1163 : 558 AH
 

The Seljuks and the Crusaders compete for influence in Fatimid Egypt.

1166 : 561 AH
  Death of Shaykh Abdul Qader Jeelani of Baghdad, called Shaykh ul Mashaiq, founder of the Qadariya Sufi order.
  Death of the geographer, al Idrisi.
1167 : 562 AH
  Establishment of Oxford University in England.
 

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1170 : 565 AH
  Salahuddin takes Egypt from the Fatimids.
  Al Mustadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1171 : 566 AH
  End of the Fatimid era. Egypt reverts to the Abbasid Caliphate.
1173 : 568 AH
  Ghiasuddin Ghori established the kingdom of Ghor in Afghanistan.
1175 : 570 AH
  Salahuddin consolidates his hold on Syria and Egypt.
  Death of Ahmed al Rifai, founder of the Rifaiyah Sufi brotherhood.
1177 : 572 AH
  Muhammed Ghori adds Multan, Uch, Dera Ismail Khan and Sindh to his dominions.
1179 : 575 AH
  Muhammed Ghori starts campaigns to capture Peshawar and Sialkot.
1182 : 578 AH
  Khwaja Muhammed Ghouse of Sindh introduces the Qadariya order into India and Pakistan.
1187 : 583 AH
  Battle of Hittin. Salahuddin triumphs and recaptures Jerusalem.
  Muhammed Ghori captures Lahore.
1188 : 584 AH
  Pope Clement III launches the Third Crusade.
1189 : 585 AH
  Khwaja Moeenuddin Chisti moves to Ajmer, India and establishes the Chistiya order.
1190 : 586 AH
  King Richard of England proposes a marriage between his sister and Saifuddin, brother of Salahuddin and for the two together to rule Jerusalem. The proposal is opposed by the Crusaders and is abandoned.
1191 : 587 AH
  Accra surrenders to the Crusaders after a long siege.
  Mohammed Ghori suffers a defeat at the Battle of Tarain and is forced to withdraw towards Kabul.
1192 : 588 AH
  Muhammed Ghori, victorious over the Rajputs, captures Delhi. Prithvi Raj Chauhan, ruler of Ajmer and Delhi is slain.
1193 : 589 AH
 

Salahuddin passes away and is buried in Damascus.

1196 : 592 AH
  The al Muhaddith emir al Mansur defeats the Crusaders at the Battle of Alarcos.
1198 : 594 AH
  Death of ibn Rushd, of the great world philosophers.
1199 : 595 AH
  Pope Innocent III declares the Fourth Crusade.
 

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1200 : 596 AH 
  Islam takes roots in Indonesia.
  Alauddin Muhammed becomes the Shah of Khwarazm.
  The Crusaders capture Valencia.
  Cambridge University is established in England.
1201 : 597 AH
  The Latin Crusaders sack Zara, a Christian city on the Adriatic.
1202 : 598 AH
  The Delhi Sultanate is established.
1203 : 599 AH
  Death of Nizami, well known Farsi poet.
1204 : 600 AH
  The Crusaders, led by Dondolo of Venice, sack Constantinople and loot its treasures.
  Johan Shah, ruler of Sumatra, accepts Islam.
1205 : 601 AH
  The Turkoman Kara Kitai defeats Mohammed Ghori.
  The Ghorids put down a rebellion in the Punjab.
1206 : 602 AH
  Genghiz Khan becomes the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
  The assassins murder Muhammed Ghori.
  The Delhi sultans advance towards Bengal.
1211 : 608 AH
  Altumish ascends the throne of Delhi.
1212 : 609 AH
  The Crusaders defeat the al Muhaddith at the Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa.
1215 : 612 AH
  Genghiz Khan captures northern China; learns the use of gunpowder from the Chinese.
1218 : 615 AH
  The Fifth Crusade is directed against Egypt. The Egyptians open the Nile docks and drown the invaders.
1219 : 616 AH
  Genghiz Khan invades the territories of Shah Muhammed of Khorasan.
1220 : 617 AH
  Genghiz Khan devastates Central Asia.
1221 : 618 AH
  Genghiz Khan destroys Persia and Afghanistan.
  Prince Jalaluddin faces the Khan at the Battle of the Indus.
1222 : 619 AH
  Genghiz Khan returns to Mongolia.
1223 : 620 AH
  Ibn al Athir, celebrated historian, passes away.
 

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1227 : 624 AH
  Death of Genghiz Khan. The Mongols continue their advance through West Asia and Eastern Europe.
1228 : 625 AH
  The Sixth Crusade, directed at Egypt and led by Emperor Frederick II of Germany fails.
1230 : 627 AH
  Sundiata starts consolidation of the Empire of Mali.
1235 : 632 AH
  Baba Fareed of Lahore becomes heads of the Chistiya order in India.
1236 : 633 AH
  Cordoba, capital of Muslim Spain, falls to the Crusaders.
  Razia rules as Queen of India.
  Death of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti of Ajmer, the most celebrated awliya of the subcontinent.
  Al Mustansir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad.
1240 : 637 AH
  Death of ibn al Arabi, renowned Sufi Shaykh.
  Roger Bacon teaches in England.
1242 : 639 AH
  Al Musta’sim becomes the 37th and the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1245 : 643 AH
  At the Council of Lyons, Christian Europe resolves to seek an alliance with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Franciscan priest, John de Plano Carpini, arrives at the Mongol court to seek military assistance.
1248 : 646 AH
  Seville in Spain falls to the Christians.
  Ibn Ahmar starts the Nasirid dynasty in Granada.
1249 : 647 AH
  The Seventh Crusade, directed at Egypt by the Franks, is beaten back.
1250 : 648 AH
  Shajarat al Durr rules as Queen of Egypt.
1251 : 649 AH
  Hulagu Khan becomes the Mongol lord of Persia and Central Asia.
1256 : 654 AH
  Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins.
1257 : 655 AH
  Death of Shaykh Saadi, celebrated Farsi poet.
  Nizamuddin Awliya becomes head of the Chishtiya order in Delhi. Islam spreads in India.
1258 : 656 AH
  Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad. End of the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. The curtain falls on the classic Islamic civilization. Caliph al Musta’sim is killed.
  Death of Ali al Shadhuli, founder of the Shadhuli Sufi order.
1260 : 658 AH
  Kublai Khan ascends the throne of China. Many capable Muslims work at the court of the Great Khan.
  Hulagu Khan storms Aleppo and massacres its inhabitants.
1261 : 659 AH
  The Mamlukes of Egypt install Al Mustansir as the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo.
  The Mamluke, Zahir Baybars of Egypt, defeats a combined army of Mongols, Armenians and Crusaders at the Battle of Ayn Jalut.
 

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1265 : 663 AH
  Death of Hulagu Khan.
1269 : 667 AH
  The Merinide al Yakub captures Marrakesh.
1273 : 671 AH
  Death of Jalaluddin Rumi, author of Mathnavi, the most celebrated of Farsi poets and founder of the Maulavi Sufi order.
1274 : 672 AH
  Death of al Tusi, astronomer and inventor of the 2-axis gimbal.
  Emir al Yaqub of the Merinides defeats the Christians at the Battle of Ecija.
1277 : 676 AH
  Sultan Baybars defeats the Mongol armies at the Battle of Abulistan.
1278 : 677 AH
  Death of Sultan Baybars.
1289 : 688 AH
  The Mamlukes captures Acre, last Crusader stronghold in Syria.
1290 : 689 AH
  Sultan Malik Shah rules in Sumatra.
1291 : 690 AH
  Death of Shaykh Saadi, well known Farsi poet.
1294 : 693 AH
  Marco Polo returns to Italy from journey to the East.
1295 : 694 AH
  Ghazan the Great, the Il Khan Emperor, accepts Islam.
 

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1300 : 699 AH
  Alauddin Khilji consolidates his empire over the subcontinent. Malik Kafur advances into southern India.
1301 : 700 AH
  Uthman Ghazi, founder of the Ottoman Empire, consolidates his holdings around Burs and Eskishehir; he defeats the Byzantines at the Battle of Yalakova.
  The Mamlukes triumph over the Il Khans at the Battle of Marj as Suffar.
1307 : 706 AH
  Mansa Musa becomes emperor of Mali.
1316 : 716 AH
  Death of Alauddin Khilji, emperor of India.
1320 : 720 AH
  The Khilji dynasty in India collapses.
  Beginning of the Tughlaq dynasty.
1324 : 724 AH
  Mansa Musa performs his hajj with an entourage of 12000.
1325 : 725 AH
  Death of Nizamuddin Awliya of Delhi.
  Ibn Batuta begins his journey around the world.
  Death of Amir Khusroe ,famed Sufi poet of India
1326 : 726 AH
  Death of Uthman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire. His successor Sultan Orkhan captures Bursa.
  Death of ibn Taymiyah, noted scholar, considered to be the founder of the “salafi” school of thought.
1333 : 733 AH
  Yusuf I becomes emir of Granada, breaks with Castille, forms an alliance with the sultan of Morocco and makes a last attempt to capture Spain from the Christians.
1334 : 734 AH
  Ibn Batuta arrives in Delhi.
  Death of Shaykh Safiuddin Ishaq, after whom the Safavid dynasty of Persia is named.
1335 : 735 AH
  Death of Abu Said, Il Khanid Prince.
1340 : 740 AH
  The Yuan Emperor Toghon Timur of China sends an embassy to the court of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India.
  The Merinide navy defeats the Spaniards at the Battle of Tarifa.
 

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1341 : 742 AH
  Death of Sultan ibn Qalawun of Egypt.
1345 : 746 AH
  Ibn Batuta visits Sultan Malik al Zahir of Pasai Indonesia.
1346 : 747 AH
  The Black Plague devastates Europe.
1351 : 752 AH
  Death of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. The Tughlaq Empire begins to disintegrate.
1354 : 755 AH
  Ibn Batuta visits the Empire of Mali.
  The Ottomans capture Gallipoli and Ankara.
1355 : 756 AH
  Ibn Batuta returns to Tangier. The Merinide Sultan Abu Inan authorizes the writing of the Rehla of Ibn Batuta.
  The Genoese briefly occupy Tripoli, Libya.
1357 : 758 AH
  The Ottomans capture Erdirne.
1368 : 769 AH
  Timurlane, elected the leader of the Tatars, consolidates his hold on the valley of Farghana in Uzbekistan.
1369 : 770 AH
  Death of ibn Batuta.
1375 : 777 AH
  Dimitrius, Count of Moscow, wins a victory over the Tatar Golden Horde.
1376 : 778 AH
  The Golden Horde burns down Moscow.
1380 : 782 AH
  Timurlane begins his first campaign in Persia.
  Shaykh Awliya Karim al Maqdum introduces Islam into Mindanao, the Philippines.
  Kara Muhammed, leader of the Turkish tribe Kara Kuyunlu, establishes his kingdom near Mosul.
1381 : 783 AH
  The Ottomans capture Bulgaria.
1385 : 787 AH
  The Ottomans capture Thrace.
1387 : 789 AH
  Timurlane invades Russia and destroys the power of the Golden Horde. Russia begins its long march towards political consolidation.
1389 : 791 AH
  Bayazid I becomes the Ottoman sultan, defeats the Serbs at the Battle of Kosova.
  Death of Hafiz, one of the greatest of Farsi poets.
  Death of Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi tareeqa of Bukhara.
1390 : 792 AH
  A combined French and Genoese force attacks Mahdiya, Tunisia.
1391 : 793 AH
  Bayazid I attacks Constantinople.
 

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1396 : 798 AH
  Bayazid defeats the Crusader armies at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1398 : 800 AH
  Timur sacks Isfahan, Persia.
1399 : 801 AH
  Timur invades India, sacks Delhi, India.
  Castille sacks Tetuan, Morocco.
 

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1400 : 802 AH
  Bayazid I lays siege to Constantinople.
1401 : 803 AH
  Timur defeats the Mamlukes of Egypt.
  Damascus surrenders to the Tatars.
  Timur sacks Baghdad.
1402 : 804 AH
  Timur defeats Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara.
  Sulaiman I becomes the Ottoman sultan.
  Sultan Iskander Shah expels the Thais from Malaya.
1404 : 806 AH
  Timur embarks on an expedition to China.
1405 : 807 AH
  Timurlane dies en route to China; his son Shah Rukh succeeds him. 
1406 : 809 AH
  Sultan Sikander Shah of Malaysia accepts Islam.
  The great Chinese Admiral Zheng Yi (commonly known as Admiral Ho), a Muslim, sails to Malaya, Indonesia, India, Persia, Yemen, East Africa and the Cape of Good Hope with a fleet of 50 great ships.
  Death of ibn Khaldun, author of Muqaddamah.
1409 : 812 AH
  Shah Rukh, heir to Timurlane, occupies Samarqand.
1410 : 813 AH
  Kara Yusuf establishes the Kara Kuyunlu kingdom around Tabriz, Persia.
  Death of Gaysu Daraz, Sufi shaykh of the Deccan, India.
1411 : 814 AH
  Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya visits China at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor.
  Prince Mehmet begins the reconsolidation of the Ottoman Empire after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Ankara.
1415 : 818 AH
  The Portuguese capture Ceuta in Morocco.
1420 : 823 AH
  Shah Rukh consolidates his hold on Persia.
1421 : 824 AH
  Murad II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1422 : 825 AH
  Murad II lays unsuccessful siege to Constantinople.
1424 : 827 AH
  Death of Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya.
1425 : 828 AH
  Tangier in Morocco, captured by the Portuguese.
1430 : 833 AH
  The Portuguese acquire the technology to sail against the wind from the Venetians.
1432 : 835 AH
  Portuguese captain Diaz sails around Cape Bajador in West Africa.
1434 : 837 AH 
  Death of Shah Rukh. Persia disintegrates. The Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu expand their territories.
 

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1441 : 845 AH
  First slave raid by the Portuguese in southern Morocco directed against Muslims.
1443 : 847 AH
  The Portuguese capture the island of Tristao off the coast of West Africa, later to gain notoriety in the Atlantic slave trade.
1444 : 848 AH
  Ottomans armies march into Hungary.
  Murad II defeats combined armies of Hungary, Wallachia and Venice at the Battle of Varna.
  The Portuguese Lagos Company chartered under Prince Henry.
1445 : 849 AH
  Printing is introduced into Europe. Portuguese sailor Diaz sails around West Africa.
1451 : 855 AH
  Mehmet II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Shaykh Rahmat converts the Majapahit ruler (Indonesia) Raja Kertawijaya to Islam.
  Islam spreads rapidly in Java.
1453 : 857 AH
  Mehmet II conquerors Constantinople, renames it Istanbul and makes it the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
1455 : 859 AH
  The Venetians sail to the delta of the Gambia River.
1456 : 860 AH
  Mehmet II captures Athens, Greece.
  The Portuguese arrive at the mouth of the Gambia River.
1458 : 862 AH
  The Portuguese occupy the fortress of al Qasr, Morocco.
1460 : 864 AH
  King Alfonso of Portugal authorizes Fernao Gomes to explore the western coast of Africa.
1461 : 865 AH
  Leonardo da Vinci begins his work in Venice.
1463 : 867 AH
  Mehmet II conquers Bosnia. Mosque of Sultan Mehmet II constructed in Istanbul.
1465 : 869 AH
  Death of al Jazuli, Sufi Shaykh in Morocco.
1467 : 871 AH
  Herzegovina conquered by Mehmet II.
  Uzun Hassan, leader of Aq Quyunlu defeats Jehan Shah, leader of the Kara Quyunlu. Jehan Shah dies in battle.
1471 : 876 AH
  Tangiers occupied by Portugal.
  Portugal occupies Arzila on the West coast of Morocco.
1473 : 878 AH
  Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II defeats the Aq Kuyunlu Sultan Uzun Hassan. Portuguese captain Sequira sails to Benin, Nigeria.
1474 : 879 AH
  Commercial town of Kedah, in Indonesia, becomes Muslim.
1475 : 880 AH
  War between Spain and Portugal over rights to the Canary Islands.
1478 : 883 AH
  Kara Quli, a descendant of Jehan Shah, flees to India and establishes the Qutubshahi dynasty near Hyderabad.
  Death of Uzun Hassan, Aq Quyunlu Sultan.
  Turmoil in western Persia.
1479 : 884 AH
  Consolidation of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella.
1480 : 885 AH
  The Ottomans capture the island of Rhodes.
1481 : 886 AH
  Bayazid II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
 

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1482 : 887 AH
  Ferdinand of Spain attacks al Hama.
1483 : 888 AH
  Civil wars in Granada.
  Ferdinand captures Malaga, Spain.
1484 : 889 AH
  The Portuguese appear at the delta of the Congo River.
1487 : 892 AH
  Portuguese sailor Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
1488 : 893 AH
  Malaga, one of the last Nasirid strongholds, falls to Castille.
1489 : 894 AH
  Adil Shah becomes Sultan of Bijapur, India
1490 : 895 AH
  Ferdinand lays siege to Granada, called Santa Fe (Holy Faith).
1492 : 897 AH
  Columbus discovers America.
  Granada falls to the Christians.
  Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition.
  The Jews are expelled from Spain.
  Sultan Bayazid II takes Hungary.
  Lodhi Sultanate established in Delhi.
  Death of Abdur Rahman Jami, well known Farsi poet.
1493 : 898 AH
  Abu Abdallah, commonly known as Boabdil, last emir of Granada, leaves Spain.
  Askiya Muhammed becomes Emperor of Songhay.
1494 : 899 AH
  At the Treaty of Tordesillas arranged by Pope Alexander VI, Portugal and Spain agree to divide up the world for conquest.
1495 : 900 AH
  Shaykh Putah introduces Islam into the Celebes islands and western New Guinea.
1496 : 901 AH
  Vasco da Gama, sails around the Cape of Good Hope and with the help of Muslim navigator Ahmed ibn Majid, discovers route to Malabar, India.
1497 : 902 AH
  Zahiruddin Babur loses Samarqand.
  Askiya Muhammed moves the capital of Songhay to Gao on the Niger River.
1499 : 904 AH
  Ottoman navy defeats the Venetians, takes Lepanto, off the coast of Greece.
1500 : 905 AH
  Muslims in Granada resist the Spanish Inquisition.
  Spain institutes forced slavery in Cuba.
1501 : 906 AH
  Shah Ismail I, with the help of the Safaviyya Sufi order, establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia.
  The Uzbek Shaibani Khan evicts Zahiruddin Babur from Samarqand.
1502 : 907 AH
  Second voyage of Vasco da Gama to the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese bombard the city-states of East Africa, destroy the port city of Cochin, India and force the Raja of Cochin to expel Muslim traders.
  The Portuguese capture Shofala, East Africa.
  Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa.
  Inquisition against the Muslims in Spain.
 

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1504 : 910 AH
  Babur takes Kabul, Afghanistan.
  Death of al Maghili, influential thinker from North Africa.
1505 : 911 AH
  Spain occupies Mars al Kabir, Algeria.
  The Portuguese occupy Agadir Morocco and build the fort of Santa Cruz.
  Portuguese captain Almeida raids Kilwa, Tanzania.
1507 : 913 AH
  The Portuguese occupy Safi, Morocco.
  The Portuguese occupy Bab el Mandap at the entrance to the Red Sea.
1508 : 914 AH
  A Mamluke fleet defeats the Portuguese off the coast of Chaul near modern Karachi.
  Spain occupies Oran, Algeria.
1509 : 915 AH
  The Mamlukes defeat the Portuguese navy off the coast of Yemen.
  Shah Ismail I defeats the Uzbek Shaibani Khan at the Battle of Merv.
  Spain occupies Bogie, Tunisia.
  The first batch of slaves bought in Lisbon for transportation to America.
1511 : 917 AH
  The Portuguese take Goa, India, and make it the capital of their operations in the Indian Ocean.
  The Inquisition is instituted against Hindus and Muslim in India.
  Spain destroys Tripoli, Libya.
  The Ottomans crush a Qazilbash uprising in eastern Anatolia at the Battle of Sivas.
1512 : 918 AH
  Selim I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  The Portuguese capture the Straits of Malacca.
  Tlemcen in North Africa becomes a protectorate of Spain.
  The Uzbeks defeat the Safavids at the Battle of Khuzduvan and take Khorasan.
1514 : 920 AH
  Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats Shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran.
1515 : 921 AH
  The Portuguese capture the Straits of Hormuz in Persia.
  The Portuguese control the entire Atlantic coastline of Morocco.
  First shipload of sugar from Cuba arrives in Spain.
1516 : 922 AH
  The Portuguese occupy Bahrain and Oman.
  The Ottomans capture Mosul.
  Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabik in Syria.
1517 : 923 AH
  Selim I occupies Cairo.
  Egypt becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire.
  The Caliphate moves to Istanbul.
  Selim I becomes the first Ottoman Caliph of Islam.
  Muhammed al Mahdi becomes Sa’adid Sultan of Morocco.
  Martin Luther begins Protestant reformation in Germany.
  The Portuguese capture Colombo, Sri Lanka.
  The King of Spain grants license to import African slaves into America.
  Ibrahim Lodhi becomes Sultan of Delhi.
1519 : 925 AH
  Death of Leonardo da Vinci.
  Mexican silver flows into Europe.
 

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1520 : 926 AH
  Sulaiman the Magnificent becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1521 : 927 AH
  Sulaiman captures Belgrade.
  Cortez destroys the Aztec Empire of Mexico.
1522 : 928 AH
  Sulaiman captures Rhodes. Spain captures Central America.
1525 : 931 AH
  Death of Safavid Shah Ismail I.
  Tahmasp I becomes Safavid ruler of Persia.
  Babur takes Lahore, Pakistan.
  Sulaiman the Magnificent orders a reorganization of the Ottoman fleet to challenge the Spaniards and the Portuguese.
1526 : 932 AH
  Babur captures Delhi; the Moghul dynasty is born. Sulaiman the Magnificent defeats the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs.
1527 : 933 AH
  Babur defeats Rajput armies at the Battle of Khanua.
1528 : 934 AH
  Sultan Sulaiman captures the city of Buda in Hungary.
  Askiya Muhammed becomes blind and is deposed as the Emperor of Songhay.
1529 : 935 AH
  Sultan Sulaiman lays siege to Vienna, Austria.
1530 : 936 AH
  Death of Zahiruddin Babur. His son Humayun ascends the Moghul throne in Delhi.
  The Englishman William Hawkins raids the Ivory Coast.
1534 : 940 AH
  Khairuddin, admiral of the Ottoman fleets, recaptures Tunis.
  Henry VIII takes the Church of England out of the orbit of Rome.
1535 : 941 AH
  Sulaiman Pasha, Ottoman governor of Egypt, drives the Portuguese from Yemen.
  The English Parliament passes laws against loitering in London.
  John Calvin preaches the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland.
  Stock Exchange is established in London.
1536 : 943 AH
  Khairuddin raids Valencia, Spain.
1537 : 944 AH
  Khairuddin captures Otranto, Italy and threatens Rome.
1538 : 945 AH
  Khairuddin victorious over combined navies of Venice and the Vatican at the Battle of Prevesa.
1540 : 947 AH
  Spain colonizes the Philippines.
  Destruction of religious relics in England. Beginning of the end of feudalism in England.
  Sher Shah Suri defeats Moghul Emperor Humayun and displaces him from the throne of Delhi until 1555.
1541 : 948 AH
  Charles V of Spain strikes at the Algerian coast.
  Ottoman Admiral Khairuddin takes Otranto, Italy.
  Muhammed al Saadi drives the Portuguese from the fort of Santa Cruz in Morocco.
 

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1542 : 949 AH
  Increasing tribal warfare in West Africa.
1546 : 953 AH
  Death of Khairuddin. Piri Rais becomes admiral of Ottoman navies.
1550 : 957 AH
  Kingdom of Acheh in Indonesia is founded. Islam spreads in the Archipelago.
1551 : 958 AH
  The Ottomans reclaim Tripoli.
  Piri Rais challenges the Portuguese blockage of the Straits of Hormuz.
1553 : 960 AH
  Thomas Wyndham of England raids the coast of West Africa.
1554 : 961 AH
  John Lock of England raids the Ivory Coast.
1557 : 964 AH
  The Ottomans occupy Masawa, Eritrea.
1558 : 965 AH
  Akbar becomes Moghul Emperor of India.
1560 : 967 AH
  Akbar adds Malwa, Chitoor, Rathambur, Gujrat and Bengal to the Moghul Empire (1560-1574).
  Abul Fazal and Faizi, well known writers, grace the Moghul court.
  Akbar surrounds himself with the “seven gems”; men of outstanding capabilities, including the musician Tan Sen and the Finance Minister Raja Todar Mal.
1561 : 968 AH
  Piri Rais prepares an accurate map of the Atlantic seaboard.
  The Ottomans destroy a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba.
1562 : 969 AH
  Akbar marries Jodha Bai, princess of Amber, Rajasthan.
1563 : 970 AH
  First English fortifications off the coasts of New Guinea.
1564 : 971 AH
  Spain occupies the Philippines.
1565 : 972 AH
  Battle of Telekote, India. The combined forces of Bijapur, Golkunda, Bidar and Gulbarga defeat the armies of Vijayanagar in southern India.
  Piri Rais undertakes unsuccessful siege of Malta.
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, captures Gujrat.
  John Hawkins of England conducts slave raids on Sierra Leone.
  Sulaiman the Magnificent passes away
 

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1566 : 973 AH
  Muslims in Spain rebel against forced conversion to Catholicism.
1571 : 979 AH
  Battle of Lepanto. Combined navies of Spain, Venice, Austria and the Vatican defeat the Ottoman navy and occupy Tunis. Ottoman naval advance into the western Mediterranean is halted.
1572 : 980 AH
  The Ottomans reclaim Tunis.
  The Dutch gain their independence from Spain.
1573 : 981 AH
  The Moghul Emperor Akbar authorizes the construction of four large temples in Mathura.
1576 : 984 AH
  The Ottomans advance through Algeria and take the city of Fez in Morocco.
1578 : 986 AH
  Battle of Al Qasr al Kabir. The Sa’adid Sultan Ahmed al Mansur crushes the Portuguese army. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed. Morocco remains independent. Ottoman westward advance is halted.
1579 : 987 AH
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, completes the construction of a new city, Fatehpur Sikri. He starts ecumenical discussions with all religious faiths in the Ibadat Khana.
1580 : 988 AH
  Ottoman Admiral Ali Beg raids Portuguese positions in East Africa.
  Skirmishes between the Empire of Songhay and the Sa’adids of Morocco over the salt mines of Taodini.
  Portugal becomes a protectorate of Spain.
1581 : 989 AH
  Akbar, the Great Moghul, moves to Lahore, and adds Kashmir, Sindh, Baluchistan and southern Afghanistan to his empire.
  Akbar completes the construction of a Jami Masjid in Peshawar.
  Queen Elizabeth I sends Harborne as ambassador to Istanbul to seek trade relations with the Ottomans.
1585 : 993 AH
  War between the Safavids and the Ottomans for control of Iraq and Azerbaijan.
1587 : 995 AH
  Pope Sixtus V authorizes a Catholic crusade against England.
  The English defeat the Scots. Consolidation of Britain under the English throne.
1588 : 996 AH
  Shah Abbas becomes Safavid emperor of Persia.
  The Spanish armada is destroyed off the coast of England.
  Death of Sinan, architect of Sulaimaniye and Shehzade mosques in Turkey.
 

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1590 : 998 AH
  William Shakespeare writes in England.
1591 : 999 AH
  The Bohras emerge as a sub-branch of the Fatimids.
1592 : 1000 AH
  The Sa’adids of Morocco invade the Songhay Empire. A strong force under Judar Pasha destroys Timbaktu.
1596 : 1004 AH
  Akbar captures Ahmednagar in the Deccan, India.
1598 : 1006 AH
  A second Spanish attempt to conquer England ends in failure.
1600 : 1008 AH
  Dutch ascendancy in the Atlantic. The Atlantic slave trade gathers momentum.
  The British East India Company is granted a charter by Queen Elizabeth I.
1602 : 1010 AH
  Shah Abbas drives the Portuguese from Bahrain.
  The Dutch East India Company is formed.
1603 : 1012 AH
  Death of Queen Elizabeth I. 
1605 : 1014 AH
  Death of Moghul Emperor Akbar.
1609 : 1018 AH
  Final expulsion of Muslims from Spain.
1615 : 1024 AH
  The Dutch capture the Straits of Malacca from the Portuguese.
  Thomas Roe arrives in India as British ambassador to the Moghul court.
  Galileo is tried by the Church for his view that the earth is not the center of the universe.
1619 : 1028 AH
  The Dutch East India Company obtains trading rights on the island of Java.
  Thomas Roe obtains a farman from the Great Moghul Jehangir granting Britain trading rights in India.
 

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1620 : 1029 AH
  Sufi doctrines spread to East Asia.
  The Pilgrims land at Port Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1622 : 1031 AH
  Shah Abbas I, with the help of the British navy, expels the Portuguese from the Straits of Hormuz. The British obtain trading rights in Persia.
1623 : 1032 AH
  Murad IV becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1624 : 1033 AH
  Death of Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi, referred to as Mujaddid alf e Thani (Reformer of the Second Millennium). He expounded the doctrine of Wahdat as Shahada.
1626 : 1035 AH
  The Dutch establish themselves in New Amsterdam (New York).
1627 : 1036 AH
  Shah Jehan, Moghul Emperor of India.
1630 : 1039 AH
  Death of German Astronomer Johann Kepler.
1635 : 1045 AH
  Death of Mian Pir of Lahore, teacher of Dara Shikoh, son of Shah Jehan.
  Emperor Shah Jehan expels the Portuguese from Bengal.
1638 : 1048 AH
  Shah Jehan builds a new capital at Delhi. Construction of the Jami Masjid in Delhi.
1639 : 1049 AH
  The British East India Company establishes a factory at Madras.
1640 : 1050 AH
  Armed rivalry between Britain, France and the Dutch for control of the slave trade.
  Portugal gains its independence from Spain.
  The Dutch capture Sri Lanka.
  The British East India Company establishes a factory at Calcutta.
 

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1641 : 1051 AH
  Sultana Tajul Alam Safiyyiatuddin rules as Queen of Acheh. She is the first of four queens to rule over the northern part of Sumatra.
  The Dutch capture Cochin on the West coast of India.
1642 : 1052 AH
  The Dutch establish a colony at Masulipatam on the East coast of India.
1643 : 1053 AH
  War between Venice and the Ottomans for control of Crete.
1648 : 1058 AH
  Shah Jehan completes the Taj Mahal, the most celebrated monument to love, for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
  The Portuguese recapture Brazil from the Dutch.
1655 : 1065 AH
  The Kurpulu brothers Mehmet Pasha and Fazil Ahmed revitalize the Ottoman administration (1655-1676).
1658 : 1068 AH
  Aurangzeb becomes the Moghul Emperor.
1659 : 1069 AH
  End of the Sa’adid dynasty in Morocco.
1660 : 1070 AH
  Isaac Newton revolutionizes physics.
1664 : 1074 AH
  The British seize New Amsterdam, rename it New York.
  The Battle of St. Gotthard between the Ottomans and the European “Holy League” ends in a stalemate.
1666 : 1076 AH
  The Qur’an is translated into the Malay language.
1668 : 1079 AH
  King Charles II of England sells Bombay to the East India Company.
1676 : 1087 AH
  Kara Mustafa Pasha becomes grand vizier in Istanbul.
1677 : 1088 AH
  War between Russia and the Ottomans over access to the Black Sea.
1683 : 1094 AH
  The second siege of Vienna ends in failure. The Ottomans lose Hungary.
1686 : 1097 AH
  The Hapsburgs advance through Hungary towards Belgrade.
  The British make an attempt to capture the port of Chittagong in India and are beaten back by Moghul forces. 
1687 : 1098 AH
  The Ottomans are defeated at the second Battle of Mohacs.  
1694 : 1105 AH
  The Bank of England advances a perpetual loan of 1.2 million pounds to the British Crown in return for the privilege of putting its own notes into circulation.
1696 : 1107 AH
  Peter of Russia captures the strategic fortress of Azov from the Ottomans.
  The Sultan of Oman recaptures Fort Jesus of Mombasa from the Portuguese.
1707 : 1119 AH
  Death of Aurangzeb. The Moghul Empire begins to disintegrate.
 

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1708 : 1120 AH
  The assassination of Guru Gobind Singh sets off Sikh revolts against Moghul rule in India.
1713 : 1125 AH
  The British displace the Dutch as the most powerful force in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
1722 : 1134 AH
  Tahmasp II, last Safavid ruler of Persia ascends the Persian throne.
  Nizam ul Mulk is appointed the Subedar of Hyderabad.
1736 : 1149 AH
  Nadir Shah becomes Emperor of Persia, displaces the Safavid Tahmasp II.
1739 : 1152 AH
  Nadir Shah of Persia invades India, sacks Delhi, and carries off the Peacock Throne.
1740 : 1153 AH
  Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab starts his movement in Najd, Arabia.
1741 : 1154 AH
  Ahmed ibn Said becomes Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar and attempts to build a strong navy. 
1746 : 1159 AH
  Muhammed ibn Saud establishes the Saudi dynasty near Riyadh.
1754 : 1167 AH
  The French General Dupleix leaves India. France loses the contest for control of Indian trade to the British.
1756 : 1169 AH
  Anglo-French wars in India and America (1756-63). The British are victorious over the French.
1757 : 1170 AH
  The Battle of Plassey. The British gain control of Bengal, India.
1758 : 1171 AH
  The Industrial Revolution in England gains momentum, fueled by the loot from Bengal.
  The Marathas occupy Lahore; oust Timur, son of Nadir Shah of Kabul.
1761 : 1174 AH
  Third Battle of Panipat near Delhi. The Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali defeat Maratha armies.
1762 : 1175 AH
  Death of Shah Waliullah of Delhi, leading reformer.
1763 : 1176 AH
  The Treaty of Paris. The French give up their interests in India and America.
 

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1764 : 1177 AH
  The British starve the Begums of Oudh, India, to surrender their jewels.
  Battle of Buxor. The British defeat the combined armies of Oudh, Bengal and Delhi.
1765 : 1178 AH
  The British wage a brutal campaign against the Afghans of Rohilla in India.
1767 : 1181 AH
  The First Mysore War (1767-68). Tippu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali force the British to sue for peace.
1772 : 1186 AH
  The British Parliament abolishes the slave trade.
1776 : 1190 AH
  The Colonies declare independence in America. The American War of Independence (1776-83) follows.
1780 : 1194 AH
  The Second Mysore War. Tippu Sultan defeats the British at the Battle of Pollipur.
1781 : 1195 AH
  George Washington defeats General Cornwallis at the Battle of Saratoga. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, retires to England, is hired by the East India Company, and is sent to battle Tippu Sultan of Mysore.
1787 : 1201 AH
  Death of Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab of Arabia.
1789 : 1203 AH
  The Third Mysore War (1789-91). Cornwallis forces Tippu Sultan to cede half of his Territory; takes Tippu’s children as hostage.
  Beginning of the French Revolution.
1793 : 1207 AH
  The British Permanent Settlement Act imposes feudal landlords upon Bengal.
1798 : 1213 AH
  Napoleon lands in Egypt and is victorious at the Battle of the Pyramids.
  The British capture Colombo from the Dutch.
1799 : 1214 AH
  Napoleon corresponds with Tippu Sultan of Mysore and the Sultan of Oman about an invasion of India.
  Tippu Sultan falls at the Battle of Srirangapatam.
  Napoleon is defeated by Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar and is forced to withdraw from Egypt.
1801 : 1216 AH
  The Wahhabis raid Karbala. Wahhabi movement spreads to Iraq. The Wahhabis raid the Hejaz.
1803 : 1218 AH
  Muhammed Ali becomes the Ottoman governor of Egypt; starts a long series of reforms.
  The Marathas in Poona, India, sue for peace with the British.
  Denmark abolishes the slave trade.
  Emir Abdul Aziz of Najd captures Mecca.
1805 : 1220 AH
  Muhammed Ali becomes the Pasha of Egypt.
1806 : 1221 AH
  British armies enter Delhi.
 

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1807 : 1222 AH
  Uthman dan Fuduye establishes the Sokoto Caliphate.
  Muhammed Ali Pasha beats back a British attempt to seize Alexandria, Egypt.
1808 : 1223 AH
  The United States abolishes the slave trade.
1812 : 1227 AH
  Muhammed Ali of Egypt recaptures Mecca and Hejaz from the Wahhabis (1812-15).
1817 : 1232 AH
  Death of Uthman dan Fuduye, mujahid in West Africa.
  Muhammed Bello becomes Caliph of the Sokoto Empire.
1818 : 1233 AH
  Holland abolishes the slave trade.
1821 : 1236 AH
  Greek war against the Ottomans.
1827 : 1242 AH
  Naval Battle of Navarino pits European axis against the Ottomans.
  Shaykh Ahmed Lobo establishes the kingdom of Lobo in West Africa.
1828 : 1243 AH
  War between Russia and the Ottomans over control of the Black Sea. Russia advances into Anatolia.
1830 : 1246 AH
  Greece breaks off from the Ottoman Empire.
  France occupies Algiers.
1834 : 1250 AH
  Beginning of Muslim resistance to the Russians in Daghestan, Crimea and the Caucasus.
1835 : 1251 AH
  The Ottomans defeat the French at Malta.
  The British replace Persian with English in the higher courts in India.
1837 : 1253 AH
  Sanusiya Sufi brotherhood is founded in North Africa.
1838 : 1254 AH
  British invasion of Afghanistan ends in failure.
1839 : 1255 AH
  Abdul Mecit I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Beginning of Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire.
1840 : 1256 AH
  France starts colonization of Algeria.
1846 : 1262 AH
  The Bank Act of 1846 in England confers legal recognition on the negotiability of credit documents.
1848 : 1264 AH
  Nasiruddin Shah ascends the throne of Persia.
1850 : 1266 AH
  The Bahai schism starts in Persia.
1851 : 1267 AH
  The British build a railroad linking Alexandria with Suez (1851-54).
1853 : 1269 AH
  The Tijaniya Sufi brotherhood is established in West Africa.
  Beginning of the Crimean War. Britain and France support the Ottomans against Russia.
 

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1854 : 1270 AH
  Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt grants a concession to French Engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps to build the Suez Canal. Egypt borrows funds from international bankers to complete the canal.
  The Ottomans take their first loan from international bankers.
1856 : 1272 AH
  End of the Crimean war between Russia and the Ottomans.
1857 : 1273 AH
  The Sepoy Uprising in India. After initial successes, the Uprising is crushed by the British. End of Moghul rule. The British exile the last Moghul Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to Rangoon, Burma.
1858 : 1274 AH
  The Russians capture Imam Shamil, Naqshbandi Imam in Daghestan. End of Muslim resistance in Chechnya and Daghestan.
1859 : 1275 AH
  Death of Muhammed al Sanusi, Reformer, Sufi Shaykh of Libya.
1860 : 1276 AH
  Alhajj Omar resists French colonization in Sene-Gambia.
1861 : 1277 AH
  American Civil War (1861-65). The price of Egyptian cotton soars in world markets.
1863 : 1280 AH
  Abraham Lincoln proclaims the abolition of slavery.
1869 : 1286 AH
  The Suez Canal opens with much fanfare.
  The price of Egyptian cotton drops precipitously. Egyptian public debt mounts.
  Tunisia falters on debt payments to European bankers. The International Debt Commission for Tunisia assumes control over Tunisian finances.
1871 : 1288 AH
  A unified Germany emerges as the most powerful continental power in Europe.
1873 : 1290 AH
  The Dutch capture the Kingdom of Acheh in Sumatra. Beginning of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.
1874 : 1291 AH
  Syed Ahmed Khan founds the Aligarh College in India.
1875 : 1292 AH
  Egypt sells off its share in the Suez Canal Company to the British to partially offset its debts.
1876 : 1293 AH
  Abdul Hamid II becomes the Ottoman Sultan and Caliph. He starts consolidation of ties with Muslim peoples worldwide.
  Egypt falters on debt payments. Britain and France appoint a Commission on Egyptian Public Debt with the power to confiscate revenues.
 

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1877 : 1294 AH
  Russia invades the Ottoman Empire (1877-78). Russian troops advance to within ten miles of Istanbul and dictate capitulation terms to the Turks at the Treaty of San Stefano.
1878 : 1295 AH
  Egypt is forced by Britain and France to accept international control over her finances.
  Treaty of Berlin results in effective dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.
  Britain occupies Cyprus.
1879 : 1296 AH
  Britain and France force Khedive Ismail Pasha of Egypt to abdicate in favor of his son Tawfiq Pasha. Sultan Abdul Hamid acquiesces in the abdication.
1880 : 1297 AH
  The French, in violation of the Treaty of Berlin, occupy Tunisia and declare it a “protectorate”.
1881 : 1298 AH
  Egyptian nationalists under Ahmed Torabi Pasha stage protests against foreign control.
1882 : 1299 AH
  The British bombard Alexandria into submission, defeat the Egyptians at the Battle of Tel el Kabir and occupy Cairo.
  The Mahdi seizes Khartoum and establishes a Caliphate in the Sudan.
1885 : 1302 AH
  The British storm Khartoum. Death of al Mahdi of the Sudan.
  An Englishman, Allan Hume, founds the Indian National Congress.
1888 : 1305 AH
  Ghulam Mirza Ahmed starts the Ahmadiya schism in Punjab, India. The movement draws strong opposition from the ulema.
1891 : 1308 AH
  The Tobacco Concession touches off an uproar in Persia. Peaceful boycott of tobacco, under a fatwa from Hajji Mirza Hassan Shirazi, forces the Shah to rescind the Concession.
1896 : 1314 AH
  Nasiruddin Shah of Persia is assassinated.
1901 : 1319 AH
  Abdul Aziz ibn Saud captures Riyadh.
1906 : 1324 AH
  All India Muslim League is founded.
1907 : 1325 AH
  Death of Muzaffaruddin Shah of Persia. His son Muhammed Ali Mirza becomes the Shah. The first Majlis is elected in Persia.
  The Young Turks Movement in Turkey gathers momentum.
1908 : 1326 AH
  Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina.
  Constitutional revolution in Persia. Muhammed Ali Shah of Persia is deposed. His young son Ahmed Mirza becomes the Shah.
1909 : 1327 AH
  Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed by the Young Turks.
  Mehmet V becomes the Sultan.
1911 : 1329 AH
  The Sanusi brotherhood resists the Italian invasion of Libya.
1912 : 1330 AH
  Muhammadiya movement is organized in Indonesia.
  Egypt becomes a British protectorate.
1913 : 1331 AH
  The Balkan war begins. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria invade Ottoman territories. Albania becomes independent. The Ottomans are forced to withdraw from most of the Balkans.
1914 : 1332 AH
  A Serb in Sarajevo murders Prince Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Austria declares war on Serbia.
  Russia declares war on Austria.
  Germany declares war on Russia.
  France and England declare war on Germany.
  The Triple Entente powers (Britain, France and Russia) declare war on the Ottomans.
  Beginning of World War I.
 

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1915 : 1333 AH
  The Ottomans contain British advances in Iraq and beat back attempts to capture Baghdad and Istanbul.
1916 : 1334 AH
  The British promise to set up a unified Arab state.
  Sharif Hussain declares himself king of Hejaz, attacks Ottoman garrisons in Arabia.
  Lawrence of Arabia, a British intelligence officer, works with the Arabs.
  The Sykes-Picot agreement divides up the Ottoman territories between England, France, Russia, Greece and Italy.
1917 : 1335 AH
  Anglo Indian troops under Allenby capture Baghdad and Jerusalem.
  The Balfour Declaration promises to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
  The French take Beirut.
  Germany releases the Bolshevik leader Lenin to pressure Russia to drop out of the War.
  The United States enters the War.
  The Russian army begins to collapse on the western front. The October Revolution brings the Bolsheviks to power. Russia pulls out of the War.
1918 : 1336 AH
  Mehmet VI becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Damascus falls to British Forces.
  Germany and the Ottoman Empire capitulate. End of World War I.
  The Wafd movement starts in Egypt.
1919 : 1337 AH
  The victorious allies partition the Ottoman Empire.
  Greece invades Anatolia.
1920 : 1338 AH
  French mandate over Syria.
  British mandate over Iraq and Palestine.
  The Greeks capture Alashehir, Bahkesir, Bandarma and Bursa.
  The Turks stop the Greeks at the Battle of Ankara.
1921 : 1339 AH
  The British appoint Abdullah, son of Sharif Hussain, as emir of Trans Jordan.
  Faisal, another son of Hussain, is appointed emir of Iraq.
  The Turks are victorious over the Greeks at the Battle of the Sakarya River. Greece retreats from Anatolia.
1922 : 1340 AH
  Abdul Mecit II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
  Mustafa Kemal becomes President of the Republic of Turkey.
1924 : 1342 AH
  The Turkish National Assembly abolishes the Caliphate
 

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1927 : 1345 AH
  Tablighi Jamaat reform movement founded in India
1928 : 1346 AH
  Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brothers) founded in Egypt
1941 : 1360 AH
  Jamaat-i Islami reform movement founded in Lahore, India
1945 : 1364 AH
  Indonesia becomes independent republic
  Islam spreads to the West with mass migrations from Asia, Africa and India
1947 : 1366 AH
  Pakistan founded as an Islamic nation. Islam becomes a minority religion in India
1957 : 1376 AH
  Independent Malayan state established with Islam as the official religion but guaranteed tolerance
1960 : 1379 AH
  Familes from SE Asia and North Africa emigrate to Europe and the Americas
1979 : 1399 AH
  Shah of Iran is overthrown by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, who establishes strict fundamentalist rule of Shi'a principles
1990 : 1410 AH 
  Taliban come to power in Afghanistan
2001 : 1422 AH 
  Muslim extremists attack the United States 
2003 : 1424 AH     
  Saddam Hussien ousted by Western forces     
 

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_______________________________________________

Hadith : Conversation
Hadith : Perbualan

            

Translation                   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏

"‏ مَا مِنْ أَيَّامٍ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ فِيهِنَّ

أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَيَّامِ الْعَشْرِ ‏

"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم

‏"‏ وَلاَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ

رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ

فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ ‏"‏ ‏.

Kelebihan 10 awal Zulhijjah , Puasa Hari Arafah , Korban

Hukum beri daging korban pada penyembelih

Ustaz Azhar

Ustaz Ahmad Dusuki Abd.Rani

Ibn Abbas narrated that :

the Messenger of Allah said: "There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than those ten days." They said: "O Messenger of Allah! Not even Jihad in Allah Cause?" The Messenger of Allah said: "Not even Jihad in Allah's Cause, unless a man were to out with his self and his wealth and not return from that with anything."

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، هُوَ الْبَطِينُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ مَا مِنْ أَيَّامٍ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ فِيهِنَّ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَيَّامِ الْعَشْرِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ وَلاَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَجَابِرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏

Grade : Sahih (Darussalam)

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 757 : Book 8 : Hadith 76

English translation : Vol.2 : Book 3 , Hadith 757

_____________________________

Narrated One of the wives of the Prophet:

Hunaydah ibn Khalid narrated from his wife on the authority of one of the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Hijjah, Ashura' and three days of every month, that is, the first Monday (of the month) and Thursday.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنِ الْحُرِّ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ، عَنْ هُنَيْدَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ، أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَصُومُ تِسْعَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَيَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ أَوَّلَ اثْنَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ وَالْخَمِيسَ ‏.‏

Grade Sahih (Al-Albani)   صحيح   (الألباني) حكم     :

Reference  : Sunan Abi Dawud 2437
In-book reference  : Book 14, Hadith 125
English translation  : Book 13, Hadith 2431

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BERIIKUT AMALAN YANG BISA DILAKUKAN UMAT ISLAM  DI BULAN DZULHIJHAH

1.Puasa

Puasa Arafah menjadi salah satu ibadah yang sebaiknya dilakukan tiap muslim di bulan Dzulhijjah. Ibadah puasa sebelum Idul Adha 10 Dzulhijjah yaitu pada 9 Dzulhijjah

صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِى قَبْلَهُ وَالسَّنَةَ الَّتِى بَعْدَهُ وَصِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِى قَبْلَهُ

Artinya: "Puasa Arafah (9 Dzulhijjah) dapat menghapuskan dosa setahun yang lalu dan setahun akan datang. Puasa Asyuro (10 Muharram) akan menghapuskan dosa setahun yang lalu." (HR Muslim).

Selain puasa Arafah, muslim juga bisa melakukan ibadah sejenis lainnya misal puasa Senin-Kamis.

Ada juga sejumlah ulama yang berpendapat puasa sunah dimulai dari tanggal 1 hingga 9 Dzulhijjah. Sebagaimana Imam An Nawawi mengatakan dalam Kitab Al Majmu' jilid 6, "Dan di antara puasa sunnah juga adalah puasa sembilan hari pertama bulan Dzulhijjah."

Dalam kitab Al-Majmu' Syarh al-Muhadzdzab Imam An-Nawawi juga kemudian memberikan dalil shahih mengenai syariat puasa tersebut. Yaitu hadits yang diriwayatkan Imam Abu Daud dari Hunaidah ibn Khalid dan istri-istri Nabi SAW berikut:


كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَصُومُ تِسْعَ ذِى الْحِجَّةِ وَيَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ أَوَّلَ اثْنَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ وَالْخَمِيسَ

Artinya: "Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam biasa berpuasa pada sembilan hari awal Dzulhijah, pada hari Asyura (10 Muharram), berpuasa tiga hari setiap bulannya, awal bulan di hari Senin dan Kamis." (HR Abu Daud).


2. Memperbanyak takbir dan dzikir

Setiap muslim bisa memperbanyak takbir dan dzikir di bulan Dzulhijjah, misal memanfaatkan momen sebelum sholat Idul Adha. Takbir dan dzikir bisa dilakukan juga dalam kegiatan sehari-hari

وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِى أَيَّامٍ مَعْلُومَاتٍ أَيَّامُ الْعَشْرِ ، وَالأَيَّامُ الْمَعْدُودَاتُ أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ . وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ يَخْرُجَانِ إِلَى السُّوقِ فِى أَيَّامِ الْعَشْرِ يُكَبِّرَانِ ، وَيُكَبِّرُ النَّاسُ بِتَكْبِيرِهِمَا . وَكَبَّرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِىٍّ خَلْفَ النَّافِلَةِ .

Artinya: Ibnu Abbas berkata, "Berdzikirlah kalian pada Allah di hari-hari yang ditentukan yaitu 10 hari pertama Dzulhijah dan juga pada hari-hari tasyriq." Ibnu 'Umar dan Abu Hurairah pernah keluar ke pasar pada sepuluh hari pertama Dzulhijjah, lalu mereka bertakbir, lantas manusia pun ikut bertakbir. Muhammad bin 'Ali pun bertakbir setelah shalat sunnah. (HR Bukhari).

 

3. Menunaikan haji dan umroh

Bagi muslim yang mampu, haji dan umroh menjadi amalan yang dilakukan di bulan Dzulhijjah. Haji hukumnya wajib dan dilaksanakan sekali seumur hidup bagi yang mampu. Keutamaan haji tercantum dalam hadits yang dijelaskan Nabi Muhammad SAW

سُئِلَ النَّبِىُّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - أَىُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ « إِيمَانٌ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ » . قِيلَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا قَالَ « جِهَادٌ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ » . قِيلَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا قَالَ « حَجٌّ مَبْرُورٌ

Artinya: Rasulullah SAW ditanya, "Amalan apa yang paling afdhol?" Beliau menjawab, "Beriman kepada Allah SWT dan Rasul-Nya." Ada yang bertanya lagi, "Kemudian apa lagi?" Beliau menjawab, "Jihad di jalan Allah SWT." Ada yang bertanya kembali, "Kemudian apa lagi?" "Haji mabrur," jawab Rasulullah SAW. (HR Bukhari).

 

Ibadah umroh dijelaskan bisa menghapus kefakiran dan dosa

تَابِعُوا بَيْنَ الْحَجِّ وَالْعُمْرَةِ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَنْفِيَانِ الْفَقْرَ وَالذُّنُوبَ كَمَا يَنْفِى الْكِيرُ خَبَثَ الْحَدِيدِ وَالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَلَيْسَ لِلْحَجَّةِ الْمَبْرُورَةِ ثَوَابٌ إِلاَّ الْجَنَّةُ

Artinya: "Ikutkanlah umroh kepada haji, karena keduanya menghilangkan kemiskinan dan dosa-dosa sebagaimana pembakaran menghilangkan karat pada besi, emas, dan perak. Sementara tidak ada pahala bagi haji yang mabrur kecuali surga." (HR An Nasai).

 

4. Qurban

Ibadah qurban sebaiknya dilakukan tiap muslim yang mampu di bulan Dzulhijjah saat perayaan Idul Adha. Dalam hadist dijelaskan, qurban adalah salah satu amalan yang dicintai Allah SWT

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَالَ « مَا عَمِلَ ابْنُ آدَمَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ عَمَلاً أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ هِرَاقَةِ دَمٍ وَإِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِقُرُونِهَا وَأَظْلاَفِهَا وَأَشْعَارِهَا وَإِنَّ الدَّمَ لَيَقَعُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِمَكَانٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى الأَرْضِ فَطِيبُوا بِهَا نَفْسًا »

Artinya: Dinarasikan Aisyah, Rasulullah SAW mengatakan, "Tidaklah pada hari nahr manusia beramal suatu amalan yang lebih dicintai Allah SWT daripada mengalirkan darah dari hewan kurban. Ia akan datang pada hari kiamat dengan tanduk, kuku, rambut hewan kurban tersebut. Dan sungguh, darah tersebut akan sampai kepada (ridho) Allah SWT sebelum tetesan darah tersebut jatuh ke bumi, maka bersihkanlah jiwa kalian dengan berkurban." (HR Tirmidzi).

 

5. Taubat

Sebagai tempatnya salah, manusia tidak bisa lepas dari dosa dalam tiap kesempatan. Allah SWT telah membuka kesempatan taubat bagi tiap hambaNya yang berharap pengampunan dari Allah SWT

قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ إِنَّكَ مَا دَعَوْتَنِى وَرَجَوْتَنِى غَفَرْتُ لَكَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ فِيكَ وَلاَ أُبَالِى يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ لَوْ بَلَغَتْ ذُنُوبُكَ عَنَانَ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرْتَنِى غَفَرْتُ لَكَ وَلاَ أُبَالِى يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ إِنَّكَ لَوْ أَتَيْتَنِى بِقُرَابِ الأَرْضِ خَطَايَا ثُمَّ لَقِيتَنِى لاَ تُشْرِكُ بِى شَيْئًا لأَتَيْتُكَ بِقُرَابِهَا مَغْفِرَةً

Artinya: "Wahai anak Adam, sesungguhnya jika engkau menyeru dan mengharap padaKu, maka pasti Aku ampuni dosa-dosamu tanpa Aku pedulikan. Wahai anak Adam, seandainya dosamu membumbung tinggi hingga ke langit, tentu akan Aku ampuni, tanpa Aku pedulikan. Wahai anak Adam, seandainya seandainya engkau mendatangiKu dengan dosa sepenuh bumi dalam keadaan tidak berbuat syirik sedikit pun padaKu, tentu Aku akan mendatangiMu dengan ampunan sepenuh bumi pula." (HR Tirmidzi).

 

6. Meningkatkan amalan sholeh lainnya

Selain yang telah disebutkan, tiap muslim sebaiknya meningkatkan amalan sholeh lainnya di bulan Dzulhijjah. Amalan ini misalnya meningkatkan sholat sunah, sedekah, membaca Al-Qur'an, dan menjalin tali silaturahmi. Saat mengerjakan amal sholeh jangan lupa selalu berdoa supaya Allah selalu memberi kesehatan, keselamatan, dan perlindungan menghadapi COVID-19.


7. Dzikir
Sepuluh hari pertama di bulan Dzulhijjah dengan memperbanyak dzikir kepada Allah SWT. Rasulullah Saw secara tegas memerintahkan kita memperbanyak dzikir tahlil, takbir, tasbih dan tahmid.

 

8. Sholat
Sepuluh hari pertama bulan Dzulhijjah bisa dijadikan sebagai momentum untuk semakin memperkuat semangat dan melaksanakan sholat dengan cara terbaik. Ada satu jenis sholat khusus yakni hari raya Idul Adha. Yang dalam surat Al Kautsar, kita diperintahkan di hari itu untuk melaksanakan sholat Idul Adha.

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HUKUM MEMBERI MAKAN DAGING KORBAN KEPADA NON-MUSLIM

Butiran
 

Soalan: Apakah hukum memberi makan orang yang bukan Islam daripada daging korban? 

Jawapan: Allah SWT berfirman:

فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا وَأَطۡعِمُواْ ٱلۡقَانِعَ وَٱلۡمُعۡتَرَّۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرۡنَٰهَا لَكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ 

Maksudnya: Maka makanlah sebahagian daripadanya, dan berilah (bahagian yang lain) kepada orang-orang yang tidak meminta dan yang meminta. Demikianlah Kami mudahkan dia untuk kamu (menguasainya dan menyembelihnya) supaya kamu bersyukur. 

(Surah Al-Hajj: 36)

 

Al-Imam Ibn Kathir Rahimahulah di dalam tafsirnya, Tafsir al-Quran al-‘Azim (5/428)menyebutkan bahawa mengenai ayat di atas, sebahagian salaf  mengatakan diharuskan untuk memakan sebahagian daripada hasil korban tersebut. Al-Imam Malik Rahimahullah mengatakan sunat untuk di makan hasil korban tersebut dan ada juga pendapat yang mewajibkannya sepertimana pendapat sebahagian al-Syafi’eyyah.

 

Al-Imam al-Nawawi Rahimahullah menyebutkan di dalam al-Majmu’ bahawa al-Imam Ibn Munzir Rahimahullah telah mengatakan bahawa telah ijma’ iaitu dibolehkan untuk memberikan makan kepada fakir miskin dari kalangan umat Islam dari hasil korban manakala yang menjadi khilafnya adalah memberikan hasil korban kepada fakir miskin dari kalangan ahli al-zimmah.

 

Oleh itu, kami nyatakan di sini pendapat-pendapat yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan ini yang mana ada disebutkan oleh al-Imam al-Nawawi Rahimahullah di dalam kitabnya al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhazzab (8/425) dan begitu juga Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi Rahimahullah di dalam kitabnya al-Mughni (9/450):

  • Al-Imam Abu Hanifah Rahimahullah memberikan rukhsah (keringanan) bagi kafir zimmi yang fakir untuk diberikan kepada mereka daging korban. Ini juga adalah pendapat al-Hasan al-Basri Rahimahullah dan juga Abu Thaur Rahimahullah.

  • Mazhab Maliki berpendapat hukumnya makruh seperti memberi makan kepada Yahudi atau Nasrani. 
  • Mazhab Hanbali berpendapat hukumnya harus dihadiahkan kepada orang kafir daripada daging korban yang sunat. Adapun yang wajib tidak diharuskan.
  • Dalam mazhab Syafi’e, yang masyhur tidak dibolehkan kerana korban adalah ketaatan unuk mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT.

 

Kami berpendapat bahawa di dalam isu ini hendaklah dilihat dari sudut maslahah dan juga siyasah syar’iyyah supaya ia lebih harmoni dalam masyarakat di samping menjadi senjata dakwah yang paling ampuh kepada masyarakat yang bukan Islam. Kami katakan di sini:

 

  1. Sekiranya di dalam komuniti masyarakat Islam di sesuatu tempat terdapat jiran-jiran mereka yang bukan Islam dan mereka itu dikenali dengan sifat baik serta ramahnya dengan masyarakat setempat, jika terdapat lebihan dari hasil korban maka dibolehkan untuk diberikan kepada mereka.

 

  1. Namun jika hasil korban itu hanya mencukupi untuk orang Islam, maka dahulukanlah umat Islam setempat yang lebih memerlukan. Wallahu a’lam.

 

Ini kerana terdapat dalil dari Al-Quran agar berbuat baik kepada orang bukan Islam yang mana Allah SWT telah berfirman:

لَّا يَنۡهَىٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ وَلَمۡ يُخۡرِجُوكُم مِّن دِيَٰرِكُمۡ أَن تَبَرُّوهُمۡ وَتُقۡسِطُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ 

Maksudnya: Allah tidak melarang kamu daripada berbuat baik dan berlaku adil kepada orang-orang yang tidak memerangi kamu kerana ugama (kamu), dan tidak mengeluarkan kamu dari kampung halaman kamu; sesungguhnya Allah mengasihi orang-orang yang berlaku adil. 

(Surah Al-Mumtahanah: 8)

 

Memberikan daging korban kepada orang bukan Islam juga adalah termasuk di dalam berbuat baik yang dibenarkan oleh Allah SWT.

 

Selain itu, terdapat juga hadith yang mengisyaratkan agar berbuat baik kepada jiran meskipun mereka bukan dari kalangan orang Islam. Ianya adalah sebuah hadith daripada Abdullah bin ‘Amr al-‘As R.Anhuma yang mana telah menyembelih seekor kambing buat ahli keluarganya lalu beliau berkata: Adakah kamu telah menghadiahkan (daging tersebut) kepada jiran kita Yahudi? (beliau menanyakannya sebanyak dua kali) kerana sesungguhnya aku telah mendengar Rasulullah SAW telah bersabda:

مَا زَالَ جِبْرِيلُ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُه

Maksudnya: “Sentiasalah Jibril AS mewasiatkan kepadaku (berbuat baik) kepada jiran (dengan baik dan sopan) sehingga aku menyangka bahawa Jibril AS mengarahkan daripada Allah SWT agar menjadikan mereka sebagai pewaris.”

Riwayat Abu Daud (5152) & Al-Tirmizi (1943)

 

Semoga dengan pencerahan ini dapat menambahkan kefahaman kita dalam beragama serta membantu diri kita membuat dengan mengetahuihukum-hakam yang berkaitan bersempena bulan haji yang bakal tiba kerana didalamnya juga terdapat syariat sembelihan. Wallahu a’lam.

 

Akhukum fillah,

S.S Datuk Dr. Zulkifli Bin Mohamad Al-Bakri

Mufti Wilayah Persekutuan

 

8 Ogos 2016 bersamaan 5 Zulkaedah 1437H.

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